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In the field of hyperbolic geometry, the order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb arises as one of 11 regular paracompact honeycombs in 3-dimensional hyperbolic space. It is called paracompact because it has infinite cells. Each cell consists of a hexagonal tiling whose vertices lie on a horosphere: a flat plane in hyperbolic space that approaches a single ideal point at infinity.
Contents
- Symmetry
- Regular honeycombs
- 634 honeycombs
- Quasiregular honeycombs
- Hexagonal tiling cells
- Octahedral vertex figures
- Rectified order 4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
- Truncated order 4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
- Bitruncated order 4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
- Cantellated order 4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
- Runcinated order 4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
- Omnitruncated order 4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
- Quarter order 4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
- References
A geometric honeycomb is a space-filling of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions.
Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space, like the convex uniform honeycombs. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic uniform honeycombs. Any finite uniform polytope can be projected to its circumsphere to form a uniform honeycomb in spherical space.
The Schläfli symbol of the order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb is {6,3,4}. Since that of the hexagonal tiling of the plane is {6,3}, this honeycomb has four such hexagonal tilings meeting at each edge. Since the Schläfli symbol of the octahedron is {3,4}, the vertex figure of this honeycomb is an octahedron. Thus, 8 hexagonal tilings meet at each vertex of this honeycomb, and the six edges meeting at each vertex lie along three orthogonal axes.
Symmetry
It has three reflective simplex symmetry construction. The uniform construction {6,31,1} has two types (colors) of hexagonal tilings in the Wythoff construction. ↔ A quarter symmetry construction can have four colors of hexagonal tilings: .
An additional two reflective symmetries exist with nonsimplex fundamental domains:Coxeter notation: [6,3*,4], index 6, , and [6,(3,4)*], index 48, with a cube fundamental domain, and octahedral Coxeter diagram with three axial infinite branches: . It can be seen with 8 colors of hexagonal tilings.
This honeycomb contains that tile 2-hypercycle surfaces, similar to this paracompact tilings, :
Regular honeycombs
It is one of 15 regular hyperbolic honeycombs in 3-space, 11 of which like this one are paracompact, with infinite cells or vertex figures.
634 honeycombs
There are fifteen uniform honeycombs in the [6,3,4] Coxeter group family, including this regular form, and its dual, the order-6 cubic honeycomb, {4,3,6}.
Quasiregular honeycombs
It has a related alternation honeycomb, represented by ↔ , having triangular tiling and octahedron cells.
Hexagonal tiling cells
It is a part of sequence of regular honeycombs with hexagonal tiling cells of the form {6,3,p}:
Octahedral vertex figures
This honeycomb is also related to the 16-cell, cubic honeycomb and order-4 dodecahedral honeycomb all which have octahedral vertex figures.
Rectified order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
The rectified order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb, t1{6,3,4}, has octahedral and trihexagonal tiling facets, with a square prism vertex figure.
It is similar to the 2D hyperbolic tetraapeirogonal tiling, r{∞,4}, which alternates apeirogonal and square faces:
Truncated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
The truncated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb, t0,1{6,3,4}, has octahedron and truncated hexagonal tiling facets, with a square pyramid vertex figure.
It is similar to the 2D hyperbolic truncated order-4 apeirogonal tiling, t{∞,4}, with apeirogonal and square faces:
Bitruncated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
The bitruncated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb, t1,2{6,3,4}, has Truncated octahedron and hexagonal tiling cells, with a tetrahedral vertex figure.
Cantellated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
The cantellated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb, t0,2{6,3,4}, has cuboctahedron and rhombitrihexagonal tiling cells, with a triangular prism vertex figure.
Runcinated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
The runcinated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb, t0,3{6,3,4}, has cube, hexagonal tiling and hexagonal prism cells, with a triangular antiprism vertex figure.
It contains the 2D hyperbolic rhombitetrahexagonal tiling, rr{4,6}, with square and hexagonal faces. It also has a half symmetry construction .
Omnitruncated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
The omnitruncated order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb, t0,1,2,3{6,3,4}, has truncated cuboctahedron, truncated trihexagonal tiling, hexagonal prism, and cube cells, with a tetrahedron vertex figure.
Quarter order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb
The quarter order-4 hexagonal tiling honeycomb, q{6,3,4}, or with a triangular cupola vertex figure.