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Real-time operating systems |
NuttX is a real-time operating system (RTOS) with an emphasis on standards compliance and small footprint. Scalable from 8-bit to 32-bit microcontroller environments, the primary governing standards in NuttX are POSIX and ANSI standards. Additional standard APIs from Unix and other common RTOS's (such as VxWorks) are adopted for functionality not available under these standards, or for functionality that is not appropriate for deeply embedded environments – such as fork().
NuttX was first released in 2007 by Gregory Nutt under the permissive BSD license.
Standards compliant
Core Task management
Modular microkernel
Fully preemptible
Naturally scalable
Highly configurable
Easily extensible to new processor architectures, SoC architecture, or board architectures. See Porting Guide.
FIFO and round-robin scheduling
Real-time, deterministic, with support for priority inheritance
Tickless operation
POSIX/ANSI-like task controls, named message queues, counting semaphores, clocks/timers, signals, pthreads, environment variables, filesystem
VxWorks-like task management and watchdog timers
BSD socket interface
Extensions to manage preemption
Optional tasks with address environments (Processes)
Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP)
Loadable kernel modules
Memory Configurations: (1) Flat embedded build, (2) Protected build with MPU, and (3) Kernel build with MMU
Memory Allocators: (1) standard heap memory allocation, (2) granule allocator, (3) shared memory, and (4) dynamically sized, per-process heaps
Thread Local Storage (TLS)
Inheritable “controlling terminals”, pseudo-terminals and I/O redirection
On-demand paging
System logging
May be built either as an open, flat embedded RTOS or as a separtely built, secure kernel with a system call gate interface
Built-in, per-thread CPU load measurements
Custom NuttX C library
Application interface well documented in the NuttX User Guide
ARM
ARM7TDMI (TI TMS320 C6571, Calypso, NXP LPC214x, LPC2378, STMicro STR71x)
ARM920T (Freescale i.MX1)
ARM926EJS (TI DM320, NXP LPC31xx)
ARM Cortex-A5 (Atmel SAMA5D3, SAMA5D4)
ARM Cortex-A8 (Allwinner A10)
ARM Cortex-M0 (nuvoTon: NUC120, NXP: KL25Z, KL26Z, LPC11xx, Atmel: SAMD20/21, SAML21)
ARM Cortex-M3 (ST Micro STM32 F1/F2, TI/Stellaris LM3S, NXP LPC17xx, Atmel SAM3U/3X, SiliconLabs EFM32)
ARM Cortex-M4 (with/without floating point unit: ST Micro STM32 F3/F4, TI/Stellaris LM4F/TM4C, NXP LPC43xx, Freescale Kinetis K40/60, Atmel SAM4C/4E/4S/4L)
ARM Cortex-M7 (Atmel SAMV7, ST Micro STM32 F7)
Atmel AVR
Atmel 8-bit AVR
AVR32
Energy Micro
EFM32
Espressif Systems
ESP32
Freescale
HCS12
Kinetis KL25Z
Intel
80c52
80×86
Lattice
LatticeMico32
MicroChip PIC32MX (MIPS)
Renesas/Hitachi
Renesas/Hitachi SuperH
Renesas M16C/26
RISC-V
Zilog
Zilog Z16F
Zilog eZ80 Acclaim!
Zilog Z8Encore!
Zilog Z80
Tiny in-memory, root pseudo-file-system.
Virtual File System (VFS).
Mount-able volumes. Bind mountpoint, filesystem, and block device driver.
Generic system logging (SYSLOG) support.
FAT12/16/32 filesystem support.
NFS Client. Client side support for a Network File System (NFS, version 3, UDP).
NXFFS. The tiny NuttX wear-leveling FLASH file system.
SMART. FLASH file system from Ken Pettit.
Generic driver for SPI-based MMC/SD/SDHC cards.
Romfs filesystem support.
BINFS pseudo-file system support.
HOSTFS file system support (simulation only).
Union file system. Supports combining and overlaying file systems.
PROCFS (/proc) pseudo-file system.
A Binary Loader with support for the following formats:
Separately linked ELF modules.
Separately linked NXFLAT modules. NXFLAT is a binary format that can be XIP from a file system.
PATH variable support.
File transfers via TFTP and FTP (get and put), HTML (wget), and Zmodem (sz and rz)
Intel HEX conversions.
VFS supports character and block drivers.
Asynchronous I/O (AIO).
Network, USB (host), USB (device), serial,I2C, I2S, NAND, CAN, ADC, DAC, PWM, Quadrature Encoder, and watchdog timer driver architectures.
RAMDISK, pipes, FIFO, /dev/null, /dev/zero drivers.
Generic driver for SPI-based or SDIO-based MMC/SD/SDH cards.
Power Management sub-system.
Modbus support provided by built-in FreeModBus version 1.5.0.
Graphics Devices: framebuffer drivers, graphic and segment LCD drivers.
Audio Subsystem: CODECs, audio input and output drivers. Command line and graphic media player applications.
Crytopgraphic sub-system.
Input Devices: Touchscreen, USB keyboard, USB mouse, GPIO-based buttons and keypads.
Memory Technology Devices.
Analog Devices: Support for Analog-to-Digital conversion (ADC), Digital-to-Analog conversion (DAC), multiplexers, and amplifiers.
System Logging Devices.
Porting Guide.
Standard C library fully integrated into the OS
Includes floating point support via a Standard Math Library
Add-on uClibc++ module provides Standard C++ Library supporting iostreams, strings, STL, RTTI, exceptions, etc. (LGPL)
Multiple network interface support; multiple network link layer support
IPv4, IPv6,TCP/IP, UDP, ICMP, IGMPv2 (client) stacks.
Stream and datagram sockets.
Raw socket and local, Unix domain socket support.
DNS name resolution / NetDB.
SLIP, TUN/PPP, local loopback devices.
A cJSON port
Small footprint (based on uIP)
BSD compatible socket layer
Networking utilities (DHCP server and client, SMTP client, Telnet client, FTP server and client, TFTP client, HTTP server and client, NTP client). Inheritable Telnet sessions (as “controlling terminal”). VNC server.
NFS Client. Client side support for a Network File System (NFS, version 3, UDP).
ICMPv6 autonomous auto-configuration.
A NuttX port of Jef Poskanzer's Thttpd HTTP server integrated with NXFLAT to provide embedded CGI.
PHY Link Status Management.
UDP Network Discvory, XML RPC Server.
XML RPC Server.
Support for network modules (such as the TI CC3000 WLAN module)
MTD-inspired interface for Memory Technology Devices
FTL. Simple Flash Translation Layer support file systems on FLASH
NAND Support
NXFFS. the NuttX wear-leveling FLASH file system
Support for SPI-based FLASH devices
USB host architecture for USB host controller drivers and device-dependent USB class drivers.
USB host controller drivers available for the Atmel SAMA5Dx, NXP LPC17xx, LPC31xx, and STmicro STM32.
Device-dependent USB class drivers available for USB mass storage and HID keyboard.
Seamless support for USB hubs.
Gadget-like architecture for USB device controller drivers and device-dependent USB class drivers
USB device controller drivers available for the PIC32, Atmel AVR, SAM3, SAM4, and SAMA5Dx, NXP LPC17xx, LPC214x, LPC313x, and LPC43xx, Silicon Laboraties EFM32, STMicro STM32 F1, F2, F3, and F4, and TI DM320.
Device-dependent USB class drivers available for USB serial and for USB mass storage
Built-in USB trace functionality for USB debug
Framebuffer drivers
LCD drivers for both parallel and SPI LCDs and OLEDs
Segment LCD drivers
VNC Server
NX Graphics Subsystem: A graphics library, windowing system and font support that works with either framebuffer or LCD drivers
NuttX Widgets: A graphical user interface written in conservative C++ that integrates with NX graphics
NuttX Window Manager: A tiny window manager based on the NX graphics subsystem and NuttX widgets
Thingsee IoT development device.
Autopilot PX4 is using NuttX to control a variety of autonomous platforms.
Pixhawk: An Advanced, User-Friendly Autopilot.
Biffer Board supports NuttX besides many other RTOS.
MP3 player implemented with NuttX.
OsmocomBB is using NuttX to develop an operating system for cell phones.
A homebrew steer-by-wire system implemented using NuttX.
Video Performance Measurement Device.
Low Power Embedded Software Optimization for the NuttX RTOS.
Motorola Moto Z.
Sony is using NuttX in their audio processors.
Samsung announces TizenRT based on NuttX RTOS.
NuttX Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA