Monroe is a surname of Scottish origin. Notable people with the surname include:
Alan H. Monroe (1903–1975), professor, creator of Monroe's motivated sequenceAlexander W. Monroe (1817–1905), American politician and Confederate States Army officerBill Monroe (1911–1996), American musicianBurt Monroe (1930–1994), American ornithologistChristopher Monroe (born 1965), American physicistCraig Monroe (born 1977), American MLB baseball playerEarl Monroe (born 1944), American Hall of Fame basketball playerGreg Monroe (born 1990) American professional basketball playerJames Monroe (1758–1831), the 5th U.S. presidentJames Monroe (1799–1870), member of the U.S. House of Representatives and nephew of President MonroeJames T. Monroe, professor of Arabic and Comparative LiteratureJay R. Monroe, founder of the Monroe Calculator CompanyJordan Monroe (born 1986), American glamour modelKristen Monroe (born 1946), American professor of Political ScienceMarilyn Monroe (1926–1962), American actressMircea Monroe (born 1982), American actressNick Monroe (born 1982), American tennis playerRobert Monroe (1915–1995), author, founder of The Monroe InstituteRodney Monroe (born 1968) American basketball playerRodrick Monroe (born 1976), American football playerVaughn Monroe (1911–1973), American baritone singer, trumpeter and big band leader