Monadofilosa is a grouping of Cercozoa. (It is sometimes considered one of three, the other two being Phytomyxa and Reticulofilosa.) These organisms are single-celled amoeboid protists.
Monadofilosa includes the testaceans, which are testate filose amoeboids, and the cercomonads.
It is sometimes described as Testaceafilosia and Sarcomonadea.
It has also been described as Sarcomonadea (Cercomonas, Heteromita, Bodomorpha, Proleptomonas, Allantion), Thecofilosea (Cryptodifflugia, Cryothecomonas), Spongomonadea (Spongomonas, Rhipidodendron), and Imbricatea (Thaumatomonas, Thaumatomastix, Allas, Gyromitus, Euglypha, Trinema, Paulinella).
The testaceans live both in marine and freshwater habitats, and in mosses. Members include Lecythium, Pseudodifflugia, Euglypha (a euglyphid), and Paulinella chromatophora.Cercomonads are flagellates that glide on their posterior cilium and/or generate filopodia. Members of this group contain Cryothecomonas, Thaumatomonas, which is covered with siliceous scales, and Cercomonas, which is nake. Cercomonas contains several species that show exhibit amoeboid movement, such as the testate amoeba Cyphoderia, and the flagellate Cryothecomonas.Monadofilosa is sometimes treated as a superclass rather than a subphylum.
Sainouron has been grouped in Monadofilosa.
Phylogeny based on Bass et al. 2009, Howe et al. 2011 and Bass et al. 2016.
Infraphylum Monadofilosa Cavalier-Smith 1997 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith & Oates 2012 [Eoglissa Cavalier-Smiths 2012]Family ?Katabiidae Cavalier-Smith 2012Order ?PseudodimorphidaOrder Cercomonadida Poche 1913 emend. Karpov et al. 2006Class Metromonadea Cavalier-Smith 2007Order Metromonadida Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2004 emend. Cavalier-Smith & Oates 2012Order Metopiida Cavalier-Smith 2003Superclass Glissomonadida-SainouridaOrder Pseudosporida Hibberd 1983 sensu Cavalier-Smith 1993Order Dimorphida Siemensma 1991 [Endonucleoplastiales]Order Glissomonadida Howe & Cavalier-Smith 2009 emend. Hess et al. 2013Order Pansomonadida Vickerman 2005Order Sainourida [Sainouroidea Cavalier-Smith et al. 2009]Superclass VentrifilosaClass Thecofilosea Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2011 [Tripylea Hertwig 1879]Order ?Hemimastigida Foissner, Blatterer & Foissner 1988 [Hemimastigophora Foissner, Blatterer & Foissner 1988 sensu Cavalier-Smith 1993; Hemimastigea Foissner, Blatterer & Foissner 1988; Hemimastigidea]}Order ?Ventricleftida Cavalier-Smith 2011Subclass Eothecia Cavalier-Smith 2012Family ?BotuliformidaeOrder Matazida Cavalier-Smith 2012Order Ebriida Poche [Ebriidea Lemmermann 1901 emend. Deflandre 1936; Ebiophyta; Ebriacea Lemmermann 1901; Ebriophyceae Loeblich 1970; Ebriales Honigsberg 1964; Stereotestales]Order Cryomonadida Cavalier-Smith 1993 [Cryothecomonadea; Cryothecomonadida]Subclass Tectosia Cavalier-Smith 2012Order Tectofilosida Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2003Infraclass Phaeodaria Haeckel 1879 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2012Order Eodarida Cavalier-Smith 2012Order Opaloconchida Cavalier-Smith 2012Class Silicofilosea Adl et al. 2005 emend. Adl et al. 2012 [Imbricatea Cavalier-Smith 2011]Subclass Placoperla Cavalier-Smith 2012Superorder Perlatia Cavalier-Smith 2012Order Perlofilida Cavalier-Smith 2012Order Spongomonadida Hibberd 1983 emend. Karpov 1990Superorder Placofila Cavalier-Smith 2012Order Zoelucasida Cavalier-Smith 2014Order Rotosphaerida Rainer 1968Order Thaumatomonadida Shirkina 1987Subclass Placonuda Cavalier-Smith 2012Order ?Discocelida Cavalier-Smith 1997Order ?DiscomonadidaSuperorder EuglyphiaOrder Euglyphida Copeland 1956 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1997 [Euglyphina Bovee 1985]Superorder Nudisarca Cavalier-Smith 2012Order VariglissidaOrder Marimonadida Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2011 [Auranticordida]
