BornJanuary 18, 1856
Parma, Emilia-Romagna (1856-01-18) InstitutionsScuola Normale Superiore Alma materScuola Normale Superiore Doctoral studentsLuigi Fantappie
Guido Fubini
Mauro Picone
Giovanni Sansone Known forBianchi identities
Bianchi group EducationScuola Normale Superiore di Pisa Notable studentsGuido Fubini, Mauro Picone, Antonio Signorini, Luigi Fantappie Similar PeopleUlisse Dini, Enrico Betti, Guido Fubini, Mauro Picone, Tullio Levi‑Civita
Doctoral advisorEnrico Betti, Ulisse Dini
Dash s of old town luigi bianchi mantova autumn winter 2016 2017
Luigi Bianchi (18 January 1856 – 6 June 1928) was an Italian mathematician. He was born in Parma, Emilia-Romagna, and died in Pisa. He was a leading member of the vigorous geometric school which flourished in Italy during the later years of the 19th century and the early years of the twentieth century.
Luigi bianchi mantova sartoria fall winter 2015 2016 collection
Biography
Like his friend and colleague Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro, Bianchi studied at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa under Enrico Betti, a leading differential geometer who is today best remembered for his seminal contributions to topology, and Ulisse Dini, a leading expert on function theory. Bianchi was also greatly influenced by the geometrical ideas of Bernhard Riemann and by the work on transformation groups of Sophus Lie and Felix Klein. Bianchi became a professor at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa in 1896, where he spent the remainder of his career. At Pisa, his colleagues included the talented Ricci. In 1890, Bianchi and Dini supervised the dissertation of the noted analyst and geometer Guido Fubini.
In 1898, Bianchi worked out the Bianchi classification of nine possible isometry classes of three-dimensional Lie groups of isometries of a (sufficiently symmetric) Riemannian manifold. As Bianchi knew, this is essentially the same thing as classifying, up to isomorphism, the three-dimensional real Lie algebras. This complements the earlier work of Lie himself, who had earlier classified the complex Lie algebras.
Through the influence of Luther P. Eisenhart and Abraham Haskel Taub, Bianchi's classification later came to play an important role in the development of the theory of general relativity. Bianchi's list of nine isometry classes, which can be regarded as Lie algebras, Lie groups, or as three dimensional homogeneous (possibly nonisotropic) Riemannian manifolds, are now often called collectively the Bianchi groups.
In 1902, Bianchi rediscovered what are now called the Bianchi identities for the Riemann tensor, which play an even more important role in general relativity. (They are essential for understanding the Einstein field equation.) According to Tullio Levi-Civita, these identities had first been discovered by Ricci in about 1880, but Ricci apparently forgot all about the matter, which led to Bianchi's rediscovery.
Publications
Bianchi, Luigi (1894, 1902, 1909). Lezioni di geometria differenziale (three volumes). Pisa: E. Spoerri. help)
Bianchi: Vorlesungen über Differentialgeometrie, Leipzig 1899
Lezioni sulla teoria dei gruppi di sostituzioni e delle equazioni algebriche secondo Galois, Pisa 1899
Lezioni sulla teoria delle funzioni di variabile complessa e delle funzioni ellittiche 1916
Bianchi, Luigi (1918). Lezioni sulla teoria dei gruppi continui finiti di trasformazioni. Pisa: E. Spoerri. OCLC 4383253.
Lezioni sulla teoria dei numeri algebrici e principi d'aritmetica analitica, 1921