This is a list of treaties to which the United States has been a party or which have had direct relevance to U.S. history.
Before the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776, the sovereign of the United Kingdom and the leaders of various North American colonies negotiated treaties that affected the territory of what would later become the United States.
1722 – Great Treaty of 1722
1726 – Deed in Trust from Three of the Five Nations of Indians to the King
1744 – Treaty of Lancaster
1752 – Treaty of Logstown
1754 – Treaty of Albany
1758 – Treaty of Easton
1760 – Treaty of Pittsburgh
1763 – Treaty of Paris
1768 – Treaty of Hard Labour
1768 – Treaty of Fort Stanwix
1770 – Treaty of Lochaber
1774 – Treaty of Camp Charlotte
These are treaties which the United States has made with other sovereign international states. This is mostly to distinguish them from the next category. Under the treaty clause of the United States Constitution, treaties come into effect upon final ratification by the President of the United States, provided that a two-thirds majority of the United States Senate concurs.
Morroco
1776 – Model Treaty passed by the Continental Congress becomes the template for its future international treaties
1778 – Treaty of Alliance – American Revolutionary War alliance with France
1778 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States – France)
1782 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce – with Dutch Republic
1783 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States – Sweden) – with Sweden
1783 – Second Treaty of Paris Ended the American Revolutionary War
1785 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (Prussia–United States) – with Prussia
1786 – Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship – Morocco — first Sovereign state to recognize the U.S; oldest unbroken U.S. treaty
– trade treaty with Spain (not ratified)
1794 – Jay Treaty AKA Treaty of London – attempts to settle post-Revolution disputes with Great Britain
1795 – Treaty of Greenville – opened most of Ohio to white settlement
1795 – Treaty with Algeria
1795 – Pinckney's Treaty AKA Treaty of Madrid, Treaty of San Lorenzo – defines boundaries of U.S. with Spanish colonies
1796 – Treaty with Tripoli – tribute payments to Tripoli to protect Americans from seizure and ransom
1797 – Treaty with Tunis – increases tribute payments to Tripoli
1800 – Convention of 1800 (Treaty of Mortefontaine) – Ends the Quasi War between France and the U.S.
1803 - Louisiana Purchase Treaty - Acquire Louisiana Territory from the French Republic.
1805 – Treaty with Tripoli – Secure release of Americans being held and proclaim peace and amity.
1814 – Treaty of Ghent – Ends the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Great Britain
1815 – Commercial treaty with Great Britain – Established free trade between the United States, England, and much of the British Empire (Ireland was among the areas excluded)
1817 – Rush–Bagot Treaty – The United States and Great Britain agree to demilitarize the Great Lakes.
1818 – Treaty of 1818 – resolved boundary issues between U.S. and Great Britain
1819 – Adams–Onís Treaty – purchase of Florida from Spain
1824 – Russo-American Treaty – gave Russian claims on land off the Northwest Pacific coast of North America (north of the Oregon Country)
1824 – Anderson–Gual Treaty – between U.S. and Gran Colombia; first bilateral treaty with another American country
1828 – Treaty of Limits – between Mexico and the U.S.; confirms the boundary agreed to with Spain in the Adams–Onís Treaty.
1830 – Treaty with the Ottoman Porte Also see Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire
1831 – Franco-American Treaty of 1831 - France agreed to pay reparations of 25 million francs for damage to American shipping during the Napoleonic wars (ratified in 1835 under Victor de Broglie's government – see July Monarchy)
1833 – Siamese-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce – commercial treaty between the Kingdom of Siam and the United States, first treaty with an East Asian nation
1833 – Treaty with Muscat
1842 – Webster–Ashburton Treaty – settles boundary disputes between the U.S. and Canada
1844 - Treaty of Wanghia - between China and the U.S.; established five U.S. treaty ports in China with extraterritoriality
1846 – Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty with the Republic of New Granada (Colombia)
1846 – Oregon Treaty – brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute by settling competing American and British claims to the Oregon Country
1847 – Treaty of Cahuenga – ends the Mexican–American War in California
1848 – Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – fully ends the Mexican–American War
1849 – Hawaiian–American Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation – Treaty between the Hawaiian Kingdom and the United States
1850 – Clayton–Bulwer Treaty – U.S. and United Kingdom agree not to colonize Central America
1854 – Convention of Kanagawa – forcibly opens Japan to American trade
1855 – Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty – with Canada on trade and tariffs
1857 – American treaty is kept with france- Treaty between American and Russia
1858 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan), also known as Harris Treaty – forces the opening of treaty ports on Japan
1858 - Treaty of Tientsin - with China; established peace, amity, and commerce
1862 – Ottoman-American Treaty of Commerce and Navigation
1864 – Geneva Convention governing the treatment of sick and wounded combatants – established rules for the treatment of battlefield casualties
1867 – Alaska Purchase – U.S. buys Alaska from Russia
1868 – Burlingame Treaty – with China; established improved relations
1868 – Naturalization Convention – with North German Confederation; first recognition by a European power of the legal right of its subjects to become American citizens
1868 – Naturalization Convention – with Belgium
1869 – Naturalization Convention – with Sweden and Norway.
1870 – Naturalization Convention – with United Kingdom
1871 – Treaty of Washington – settles grievances between the U.S. and Canada
1872 – Naturalization Convention – with Denmark
1883 – Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property – intellectual property systems, including patents, of any contracting state become accessible to the nationals of other states party to the Convention
1886 – Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (ratified by U.S. in 1989)
1898 – Sixth Treaty of Paris – ends the Spanish–American War
1899 – Hague Conventions – one of the first formal statements of the laws of war
1900 – Treaty between Spain and the United States for Cession of Outlying Islands of the Philippines. Concluded November 7, 1900; ratification advised by Senate January 22, 1901 .. ratified by the President January 30, 1901; ratifications exchanged March 23, 1901; proclaimed March 23, 1901.
1901 – Hay–Pauncefote Treaty – nullified Clayton–Bulwer Treaty in exchange for free access to build a canal across Central America
1901 – Boxer Protocol AKA Treaty of 1901, Peace Agreement between the Great Powers and China – one of the Unequal Treaties with China
1902 – Naturalization Convention – with Haiti
1903 – Hay–Herrán Treaty – the U.S. attempt to acquire a lease on Panama from Colombia (not ratified by Colombia)
1903 – Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty – establishes the Panama Canal Zone
1903 – Cuban–American Treaty of Relations (1903) –
1905 – Treaty of Portsmouth – ends Russo-Japanese War; negotiated by Theodore Roosevelt
1905 – Taft–Katsura Agreement – Japan and U.S. agree on spheres of influence in Asia
1906 – Geneva Convention governing the sick and wounded at sea – treatment of wounded, sick and shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea
1906 – Inter-American Convention Establishing the Status of Naturalized Citizens Who Again Take Up Residence in the Country of Their Origin
1907 – Gentlemen's Agreement – limiting Japanese immigration to the U.S.
1907 – Naturalization Convention – with Peru
1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Portugal
1908 – Naturalization Convention – with El Salvador
1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Honduras
1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Nicaragua
1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Uruguay
1909 – Boundary Waters Treaty – regulates water quantity and water quality along the boundary between Canada and the United States.
1911 – Naturalization Convention – with Costa Rica
1911 – North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 – first international treaty for wildlife preservation
1912 – International Opium Convention – first international drug control treaty
1916 – Treaty of the Danish West Indies – U.S. purchase of the Danish West Indies, renaming them the United States Virgin Islands
1916 – Migratory Bird Treaty – Environment treaty with the United Kingdom representing Canada, to protect birds which migrate between Canada and the U.S.
1917 – Lansing–Ishii Agreement – trade treaty between the U.S. and Japan
1918 – Migratory Bird Treaty – Environment treaty with the United Kingdom representing Canada, to protect birds which migrate between Canada and the U.S.
1919 – Treaty of Saint-Germain – ends World War I between Allies and Austria (not ratified by U.S.)
1919 – Treaty of Versailles – ends World War I between Allies and Germany (not ratified by U.S.)
1920 – Treaty of Trianon – regulates the borders of Hungary (not ratified by U.S.)
1921 – U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty (1921) – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Austria
1921 – Treaty of Berlin – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Germany
1921 – U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty (1921) – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Hungary
1922 – Washington Naval Treaty – limits the naval armaments race, supplement to restrict submarine warfare and ban chemical warfare was rejected by France.
1923 – Treaty of Lausanne – sets the boundaries of modern Turkey
1925 – Anglo-American Convention – American acceptance of the provisions of the Mandate for Palestine and supervision of British performance as mandatory of the Mandate for Palestine.
1925 – Hay-Quesada Treaty – America accepts Cuban ownership of Isle of Pines.
1928 – Kellogg–Briand Pact – calls "for the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy"
1929 – Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War – establishes rules for the treatment of prisoners of war
1930 – London Naval Treaty – regulates submarine warfare and shipbuilding
1930 – Convention Between the United States and Great Britain – Definitely delimits the boundary between North Borneo (then a British protectorate) and the Philippine archipelago (then a U.S. Territory)
1934 – Treaty of Relations – agreements between United States and Cuba s:United States – Cuban Agreements and Treaty of 1934
1937 – Treaty Defining Liability for Military Service, etc. – with Lithuania
1941 – Atlantic Charter – World War II allied agreement (not clear if this is a treaty or, if so, whether ratified)
1943 - Treaty for Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China - relinquished previous U.S. rights to extraterritoriality in China
1944 – Bretton Woods Agreement – establishes the rules for commercial and financial relations among the major industrial states
1945 – Potsdam Agreement – World War II allied agreement (not clear if this is a treaty or, if so, whether ratified)
1945 – UN Charter – establishes the United Nations
1946 – Bermuda Agreement – bilateral treaty on Civil Aviation between U.S. and United Kingdom
1946 – Treaty of Manila (1946) – United States recognizes independence of the Republic of the Philippines
1947 – General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) – establishes rules for international trade
1947 – Paris Peace Treaties, 1947 – establishes peace in Europe after World War II
1947 – Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty) – Western Hemisphere mutual defense
1947 – Convention on International Civil Aviation AKA Chicago Convention – establishes International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
1949 – North Atlantic Treaty (Treaty of Washington) – establishes NATO mutual defense organization
1949 – Fourth Geneva Convention – establishes rules for the protection of civilians during times of war
1949 – Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the United States of America and the Republic of China – establishes amiable relations between the U.S. and China.
1951 – Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide – (with U.S. qualifications)
1951 – Treaty of San Francisco – a peace treaty between the Allied powers and Japan; ends the Pacific conflict of World War II
1951 – Mutual Defense Treaty – alliance between the Republic of the Philippines and the United States of America
1951 – Treaty of Security between the United States and Japan (updated 1960)
1952 – ANZUS Treaty – mutual defense alliance between Australia, New Zealand, and the U.S.
1953 – Mutual Defense Treaty – Created an alliance with South Korea, and established the basis of South Korean adherence with U.S. Government consulations on North Korean policy
1954 – U.S. and Japan Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement
1954 – Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty – creates SEATO mutual defense organization
1954 – Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty
1955 – Central Treaty Organization AKA CENTO, the Middle East Treaty Organization (METO), Baghdad Pact – creates CENTO mutual defense organization
1955 – The Open Skies Treaty – allow access to other nations' military activities by means of aerial surveillance flights
1956 – Dutch-American Friendship Treaty
1957 – International Atomic Energy Treaty (US PL 85-177)
1958 – 1958 US-UK Mutual Defence Agreement – with United Kingdom
1960 – Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan – mutual defense treaty with Japan
1961 – Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (US PL 87-297)
1961 – Antarctic Treaty – governs international relations in Antarctica
1961 – Columbia River Treaty (ratified in 1964) – with Canada to manage water in the Columbia River valley
1961 – Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
1961 – Alliance for Progress
1961 – Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
1962 – Nassau Agreement – defense treaty with United Kingdom
1963 – Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
1963 – Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage
1963 – Partial Test Ban Treaty
1966 – Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations (Thailand–United States) – commercial treaty with the Kingdom of Thailand
1966 - International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
1967 – Outer Space Treaty
1968 – Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
1968 - Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees
1969 – Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
1970 – Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
1970 – Boundary Treaty of 1970 – settles U.S. – Mexico border on Rio Grande
1971 – Geneva Phonograms Convention
1971 – Convention on Psychotropic Substances
1972 – Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty AKA ABM Treaty (U.S. withdrew in 2002)
1972 – SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty)
1972 – Biological Weapons Convention
1972 – Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention) (implemented by U.S., but not signed)
1972 – Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement – regulates water quality along the U.S.-Canada border
1973 – Paris Peace Accords – with North Vietnam ending the Vietnam War
1974 – Threshold Test Ban Treaty
1977 – Torrijos-Carter Treaties – transfer of Panama Canal to Panama
1978 – Camp David Accords – between Israel and Egypt; negotiated and signed in U.S.
1978 – Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (1978) – regulates water quality along the U.S.-Canada border
1979 – SALT II (not ratified by U.S.)
1985 – Plaza Accord – G-5 agreed to devalue the US dollar in relation to the Japanese yen and German Deutsche Mark by intervening in currency markets
1986 – Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations
1986 – United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods
1988 – Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) – with U.S. and USSR
1988 – United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
1988 – United Nations Convention Against Torture
1989 – Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
1990 – Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany – final World War II peace with Germany and Allies
1991 – Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe – Signed by all 16 NATO members and Warsaw Pact nations; ratified by all 16 NATO states, the eight successor states to the USSR that have territory in Europe, and the six former Warsaw Pact nations
1991 – START I (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) – with US and USSR
1992 – International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ratified with qualifications by U.S. Senate)
1992 – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
1993 – Oslo Accords – between PLO and Israel; negotiated with U.S. involvement
1993 – Chemical Weapons Convention
1993 – START II (ratified by U.S. and Russia)
1994 – North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
1994 – Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods
1994 – Kremlin accords – US and USSR missile and nuclear weapons control
1994 – United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea AKA Law of the Sea, LOS (not ratified by U.S.)
1994 – Colorado river dispute – with Mexico on water quality and quantity
1995 – Dayton Agreement – ends war and determines the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina; negotiated and signed in U.S.
1995 – General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
1996 – WIPO Copyright Treaty – protects computer programs and databases
1996 – WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
1996 – Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (signed but not ratified by U.S.)
1997 – Worldwide Chemical Weapons Convention
1998 – Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ("unsigned" by the U.S.)
2000 – Patents Law Treaty (PLT) – (not ratified by U.S.)
2001 – Convention on Cybercrime – a highly controversial proposal (U.S. Senate ratified August 2006 )
2002 – SORT (Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty) AKA Moscow Treaty – limits the nuclear arsenals of Russia and the U.S.
2004 – International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture AKA "International Seed Treaty" – to assure farmers' access to seeds of the world's food security crops (not ratified by U.S.)
2005 – Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement
2010 – New START (The New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) U.S./Russia Treaty – limits the nuclear arsenal capabilities of Russia and the U.S. while allowing for inspection.
2012 – United States–Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA)
2013 – UN Arms Treaty (U.S./U.N. Treaty) – regulates the international arms trade (signed but not ratified by U.S.)
From 1778 to 1871 the United States government entered into more than 500 treaties with the Native American tribes; some of these treaties have since been violated in some way or outright broken by the US government. And some of these treaties were violated or broken by the Native American tribes. However, violations by one party do not nullify the treaties; the treaties are still in effect, and Native Americans and First Nations peoples are still fighting for their treaty rights in federal courts and at the United Nations.
Treaty-making between various Native American governments and the United States officially concluded on March 3, 1871 with the passing of the United States Code Title 25, Chapter 3, Subchapter 1, Section 71 (25 U.S.C. § 71). Pre-existing treaties were grandfathered, and further agreements were made under domestic law.
