Landau is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Abraham Landau, German-American-Jewish gangsterBarry Landau, American collector alleged to have stolen thousands of historical documentsChaim Landau, Israeli Minister of TransportationDavid J. Landau (1920–1996), author and Holocaust survivorDavid Landau (screenwriter), American screenwriterDavid Landau (journalist), former editor-in-chief of Israeli daily newspaper HaaretzDavid Landau (actor), actor of the 1930sDavid P. Landau, American physicistDov Landau, Israeli rabbiEdmund Landau, German mathematicianFelix Landau, Austrian National Socialist, SS Hauptscharführer, served in an EinsatzkommandoFelix Landau (art), American art dealerGuttman Landau, Bessarabian Judenrat leaderHenry Landau, American mathematicianHenry Landau (captain), British World War I Captain and authorJacob Landau (artist), American artistJacob Landau, American journalistJacob ben Judah Landau, rabbiJoel Landau, rabbiJohn A. LandauJon Landau, American music critic and record producerJon Landau (film producer), American film producerJuliet Landau, American actressKurt Landau, Austrian communistLev Landau, Soviet physicist, awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962Martin Landau, American actorMichael Landau, American session guitaristMoshe Landau, Israeli jurist, former president of the Supreme Court of Israel, president of the court during the Adolf Eichmann war crimes trialNeil Landau, American writer, playwright, producer, directorRuss Landau, American musicianSalo Landau, Dutch chess playerSaul Landau, American author, documentary filmmaker, and academicSeth Landau, American film makerSiegfried Landau, founder of the Brooklyn PhilharmonicSusan Landau, American mathematician and engineerUzi Landau, Israeli politicianWilliam Landau, American neurologistYechezkel Landau, Jewish theologian and decisor