Jugular foramen syndrome, or Vernet's syndrome is characterized by the paresis of 9th–11th (with or without 12th) cranial nerves together.
Symptoms of this syndrome are consequences of this paresis. As such, in an affected patient, you may find:
dysphonia/hoarseness
soft palate dropping
deviation of the uvula towards the normal side
dysphagia
loss of sensory function from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
decrease in the parotid gland secretion
loss of gag reflex
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles paresis
Glomus tumors (most frequently)
Meningiomas
Schwannomas (Acoustic neuroma)
Metastatic tumors located at the cerebellopontine angle
Trauma
Infections
Cholesteatoma (very rare)
Obstruction of the jugular foramen due to bone diseases
