Supriya Ghosh (Editor)

International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions

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Abbreviation
  
INTOSAI

Type
  
IGO

Website
  
http://www.intosai.org

Formation
  
1953

Headquarters
  
Vienna, Austria

International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions

Motto
  
Experientia Mutua Omnibus Prodest, "Mutual experience benefits all"

The International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) is a worldwide affiliation of governmental entities. Its members are the Chief Financial Controller/Comptroller General/Auditor General Offices of nations.

Contents

INTOSAI was founded in 1953 in Havana, Cuba. Thirty-four audit organizations formed the group originally and as of 2010 the current membership includes 193 institutions (188 national institutions, the European Court of Auditors and 4 associated members).

The members of INTOSAI are the primary external auditors of the United Nations. The UN's General Assembly appoints the UN Board of Auditors (3 members appointed for 6 years) among the INTOSAI member representatives.

INTOSAI holds a triennial conference entitled the International Congress of Supreme Audit Institutions (INCOSAI). It publishes the quarterly International Journal of Government Auditing. Examples of its major publications are:

  • Guidelines for Internal Control Standards for the Public Sector (1992 - The current text is the 2004 revision by the INTOSAI Internal Control Standards Committee, approved by the XVIIIth INCOSAI of October 2004. It has been subsequently integrated in the INTOSAI standards/guidances as "INTOSAI GOV 9100"). It relies upon the COSO's integrated framework for internal control (as stated in the preface), and uses the COSO's definition of Internal Control and IIA's definition of Internal Audit.
  • Guidelines on Best Practice for the Audit of Privatizations, (1998)
  • Guidance for Planning an Audit of Internal Controls for Public Debt, (2002)

    • The ISSAIs, International Standards of Supreme Audit Institutions

    The International Standards of Supreme Audit Institutions (ISSAI) are a benchmark for auditing public entities (External Audit Standards for public entities).
    The "INTOSAI Auditing Standards" had been approved by the INCOSAI in 1998 and updated in 2001. In its strategic plan 2005-2010, the INTOSAI decided to "provide an up-to-date framework of professional standards", so the INTOSAI Professional Standards Committee decided to merge the existing and new INTOSAI standards and guidelines into a framework.
    The framework comprises all documents endorsed by INCOSAI with the purpose of guiding the professional standards used by SAIs

    The ISSAIs can be found at INTOSAI.ORG and issai.org. The list of ISSAIs is in the table below:

  • Auditing Standards (ISSAI-numbers of 3 digits) stipulate general principles and postulates for carrying out the audit work;
  • Implementation Guidelines (ISSAI-numbers of 4 digits) give more detailed guidance, practical assistance to SAIs in implementing the Standards in their individual constituents.

    • Two main types of audit

    The INTOSAI Auditing Standards distinguish basically two types of audit that a government auditor may perform:

    Regularity audit

    A Regularity audit or Statutory audit is a financial audit of the financial reporting or budget reporting of the audited entity.

    In a regularity audit, the audit report contains the auditor's opinion.

    Performance audit

    Performance audit refers to an examination of a program, function, operation or the management systems and procedures of a governmental or non-profit entity to assess whether the entity is achieving economy, efficiency and effectiveness in the employment of available resources.

    In a performance audit, the report should contain a statement of assurance on those items tested for compliance, as the auditor's conclusion (as opposed to opinion).

    The INTOSAI's (and GAO's or ECA's) Performance audit corresponds to the Review Engagements or "Assurance Engagements other than Audits" of the IFAC.

    Adoption by intergovernmental organizations

    In addition to the INTOSAI members (the Supreme Audit Institutions), the following intergovernmental organizations have adopted INTOSAI AS:

  • Council of Europe
  • European Communities
  • The European Court of Auditors performs its audits in accordance with the IFAC and INTOSAI Auditing Standards and Codes of ethics, in so far as these are applicable in the European Community context.
  • European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
  • Audit by two appointed Supreme Audit Institutions.
  • European Space Agency
  • Audit by an Audit Board composed of Supreme Audit Institutions auditors.
  • EUMETSAT
  • Audit by an appointed Supreme Audit Institution.
  • International Criminal Police Organization
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
  • Audit by a Supreme Audit Institution.
  • The United Nations
  • The United Nations' Board of Auditors (the external audit of the UN) has adopted the ISAs (International Standards on Auditing). The Board is composed of three Supreme Audit Institutions chairmen, familiar with and usually using the INTOSAI Auditing Standards.

    • INTOSAI and Internal Audit

    The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) is among the 4 associated members of the INTOSAI.
    The INTOSAI is a strong advocate for the establishment of Independent Internal audit in public entities.

  • ISSAI 1610 – Using the Work of Internal Auditors
  • INTOSAI Guidance for Good governance : INTOSAI GOVs 9100 - 9230

    • The guidance 'INTOSAI GOV 9100' states: -(page 46) "The Supreme Audit Institution also has a vested interest in ensuring that strong internal audit units exist where needed. Those audit units constitute an important element of internal control by providing a continuous means for improving an organisation's operations. In some countries, however, the internal audit units may lack independence, be weak, or be non-existent. In those cases, the SAI should, whenever possible, offer assistance and guidance to establish and develop those capacities and to ensure the independence of the internal auditor's activities." - "The creation of an internal audit unit as part of the internal control system is a strong signal by management that internal control is important.
    (...) For an internal audit function to be effective, it is essential that the internal audit staff be independent from management, work in an unbiased, correct and honest way and that they report directly to the highest level of authority within the organisation.
    (...) "For professional guidance, internal auditors should use the Professional Practices Framework (PPF) of the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) (...) Additionally, internal auditors should follow the INTOSAI Code of Ethics".

    Regional working groups

  • AFROSAI: African Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions
  • ARABOSAI: Arab Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions
  • ASOSAI: Asian Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions
  • CAROSAI: Caribbean Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions
  • EUROSAI: European Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions. For more information please see website.
  • OLACEFS: Organization of Latin American and Caribbean Supreme Audit Institutions. For more information please see website
  • PASAI: Pacific Association of Supreme Audit Institutions

    • Memberships

    The following countries are members of the INTOSAI:

    Supranational Organisations

  • European Court of Auditors

    • Associate Members

  • Association des Institutions Supérieures de Contrôle Ayant en Commun lusage du français (AISCCUF)
  • Court of Audit of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA)
  • Organization of SAIs of Portuguese Speaking Countries (OISC/CPLP)
  • The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA)
  • World Bank

    • References

    International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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