Trade names Hetacin Routes of
administration Intramammary injection Legal status US: ℞-only Molar mass 389.469 g/mol | AHFS/Drugs.com Veterinary Use ATC code J01CA18 (WHO) CAS Number 3511-16-8 | |
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Hetacillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is part of the aminopenicillin family. It is a prodrug and it has no antibacterial activity itself, but quickly splits of acetone in the human body to form ampicillin, which is active against a variety of bacteria.
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Administration
Hetacillin can be administered orally. The potassium salt, hetacillin potassium, is administered by injection, either intravenously or intramuscularly. It is sold under the trade name Hetacin for intramammary injection in veterinary use.
Hetacillin was removed from the market for human use when the discovery was made that it is actually cleaved in the gastrointestinal tract to formaldehyde and had no advantages over ampicillin.
Chemistry
Hetacillin is prepared from ampicillin and acetone. In aqueous solutions it is unstable, with a half life of 15 to 30 minutes at 37 °C (99 °F) and pH 7, quickly releasing acetone again.
As opposed to ampicillin, hetacillin is only marginally broken down by the bacterial enzyme beta-lactamase, at least in vitro.