Nationality German Name Hermann Usener | Fields Classics | |
 | ||
Doctoral students H. A. Diels
U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
Hermann Osthoff Other notable students Eduard Schwartz
Friedrich Leo
Paul Natorp
Hans Lietzmann
Albrecht Dieterich
Richard Reitzenstein
Aby Warburg Died October 21, 1905, Bonn, Germany Notable students Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Hermann Alexander Diels | ||
Academic employer University of Bonn | ||
Hermann Karl Usener (23 October 1834 – 21 October 1905) was a German scholar in the fields of philology and comparative religion.
Contents
Life
Hermann Usener was born at Weilburg and educated at its Gymnasium. From 1853 he studied at Heidelberg, Munich, Göttingen and Bonn.
In 1858 he had a teaching position at the Joachimsthalschen Gymnasium in Berlin. He was Professor 1861 to 1863 at the University of Bern, then at the University of Greifswald, before becoming professor at the University of Bonn.
The Bonn School of classical philology was led by Usener with Franz Buecheler.
Influence
Usener was a large-scale thinker who combined scholarly research with theoretical reflection. His research on the ancient world used a comparative method, drawing on a variety of ethnological material for the study of social and religious matters. His theoretical method was phenomenological or hermeneutical, and centered on social psychology and cultural history. He was influential most of all through his work on the formation of religious concepts, which influenced thinkers such as Albrecht Dieterich, Ludwig Radermacher, Aby Warburg, Walter F. Otto, and Ernst Cassirer. In his book on “the names of gods” (Götternamen, 1896), Usener introduced the concept of a momentary god. This phrase entered the English-speaking world, to describe deities who seem to exist only for a specific purpose, time and place.
He also trained an impressive list of students, and belonged himself to a long dynasty of students of Winckelmann. One such student was Friedrich Nietzsche: after initial support, Usener turned against him as a scholar after reading The Birth of Tragedy. Other students included Hermann Diels, Paul Natorp, Hans Lietzmann, Albrecht Dieterich, Richard Reitzenstein, and Aby Warburg. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, the leading German classical scholar of the following generation, studied at Bonn 1867-9; but tended to disagree with Usener. Their correspondence has been published.
Works
His works include: