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Hadith of Fatima tablet, also known as the Hadith of Lowh of Fatima is a tradition of Imam al-Sadiq. Jabir ibn Abdullah narrated it from Imam al-Baqir who was father of Ja'far al-Sadiq. This hadith nominated to the names of twelve Imams as successors of Muhammad, prophet of Islam.
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Jabir ibn Abdullah
Jabir ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn Haram al-Ansari was a prominent companion of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, and the next four Imams. He delivered the greeting of the prophet to his grandson Muhammad al-Baqir. Jabir took part in eighteen campaigns headed by the prophet and fought in the Battle of Siffeen headed by the commander of Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Background
On the birth of Husayn ibn Ali, prophet gave Fatima a tablet. Jabir described the tablet by following words:
Jabir asked Fatima about the tablet. Fatima said that it is a gift from Allah to prophet that was sent by Angel Gabriel. He gave it to me so that my heart feels happy and pleased whenever I look at it. It contains the names of prophet and Ali ibn Abi Talib, Hasan and Husayn as successors after him. He said, I asked Lady Fatima to give the tablet to me so I can read its inscription and make a copy of it. After the years, one day Imam al-Baqir said to Jabir that I have to see you in secret. When Imam was alone with Jabir, he asked him about the tablet of Fatema. Jabir answered "Yes" and brought it for Muhammad al-Baqir from his house.
The Hadith
This hadith was narrated by Seyyid Sharaf al-Deen al-Najafi from Moqallad bin ghalib al-Hasani from Abdillah bin Sinaan al-Asadi from Ja'far al-Sadiq. Also, Ja'far al-Sadiq narrated it from his father. According to this hadith Ali and his sons introduced as successors of prophet.
Imam Sadiq narrated Hadith in this way:
Reception
The Hadith of Fatima tablet was nominated in shia and sunni books. There is some tradition in Kamal al-din wa tamam al-ni'mah of Al-Shaykh al-Saduq, Kitab al-Kafi of Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni, Al-Istibsar of Shaykh Tusi, al-Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Sahih al-Bukhari of Muhammad al-Bukhari, Sunan ibn Majah of Ibn Majah.