Kalpana Kalpana (Editor)

Generational list of programming languages

Updated on
Edit
Like
Comment
Share on FacebookTweet on TwitterShare on LinkedInShare on Reddit

Here, a genealogy of programming languages is shown. Languages are categorized under the ancestor language with the strongest influence. Those ancestor languages are listed in alphabetical order. Of course, any such categorization has a large arbitrary element, since programming languages often incorporate major ideas from multiple sources.

Contents

ALGOL based

  • ALGOL (also under Fortran)
  • Atlas Autocode
  • ALGOL 58 (IAL, International Algorithmic Language)
  • MAD and GOM (Michigan Algorithm Decoder and Good Old MAD)
  • ALGOL 60
  • MAD/I
  • Simula (see also Simula based languages)
  • ALGOL 68
  • ALGOL W
  • Pascal
  • Ada
  • SPARK
  • PL/SQL
  • Turbo Pascal
  • Object Pascal (Delphi)
  • Free Pascal (FPC)
  • Kylix (same as Delphi, but for Linux)
  • Euclid
  • Concurrent Euclid
  • Turing
  • Turing Plus
  • Object Oriented Turing
  • Modula-2
  • Modula-3
  • Oberon (Oberon-1)
  • Go (also under C)
  • Nim (also under Python)
  • Oberon-2
  • Component Pascal
  • Active Oberon
  • Zonnon
  • Oberon-07
  • Lua (also under Scheme and SNOBOL)
  • SUE
  • Plus
  • CPL
  • BCPL
  • B
  • C (see also C based languages)
  • Julia (also under Lisp, Python, Ruby)

    • APL based

  • APL
  • A+
  • J (also under FL)
  • K (also under LISP)
  • NESL
  • PDL (also under Perl)

    • BASIC based

  • BASIC (also under Fortran II)
  • AmigaBASIC
  • AMOS BASIC
  • BASIC Stamp
  • BASIC09
  • Basic4GL
  • BBC Basic
  • Blitz BASIC
  • Blitz3D
  • BlitzMax
  • BlitzPlus
  • Business Basic
  • Caché Basic
  • Chinese BASIC
  • COMAL
  • Commodore BASIC
  • DarkBASIC
  • DarkBASIC Professional
  • Euphoria
  • GW-BASIC
  • QuickBASIC
  • QBasic
  • FreeBASIC
  • Liberty BASIC
  • Run BASIC
  • Visual Basic
  • VBScript
  • Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)
  • LotusScript
  • Visual Basic .NET
  • Small Basic
  • OpenOffice Basic
  • Gambas
  • WinWrap Basic
  • WordBasic
  • QB64
  • GLBasic
  • PureBasic
  • Turbo Basic
  • PowerBASIC
  • REALbasic (Xojo)
  • thinBasic
  • TI-BASIC
  • True BASIC
  • YaBasic
  • XBasic

    • Batch languages

  • MS-DOS Batch files
  • Winbatch
  • CLIST
  • IBM Job Control Language (JCL)

    • C based

  • C (also under BCPL)
  • Alef
  • C++
  • C#
  • Cobra (class/object model and other features)
  • Windows PowerShell (also under DCL, ksh, and Perl)
  • Java (see also Java based languages)
  • Rust (also under Cyclone, Haskell, and OCaml)
  • C--
  • Cyclone
  • Rust (also under C++, Haskell, and OCaml)
  • D
  • ColdFusion
  • Go (also under Oberon)
  • Harbour
  • Limbo
  • LPC
  • Pike
  • Objective-C (also under Smalltalk)
  • Swift (also under Ruby, Python, and Haskell)
  • PCASTL (also under Lisp)
  • Perl
  • Windows PowerShell (also under C#, DCL, and ksh)
  • S2
  • PHP
  • Ruby (also under Smalltalk)
  • Julia (also under Lisp, Python, ALGOL)
  • Swift (also under Objective-C, Python, and Haskell)
  • PDL (also under APL)
  • Python
  • Julia (also under Lisp, Ruby, ALGOL)
  • Nim (also under Oberon)
  • Swift (also under Ruby, Objective-C, and Haskell)
  • QuakeC
  • tcsh (also under sh)

    • COBOL based

  • COBOL
  • ABAP
  • DIBOL
  • WATBOL

    • COMIT based

  • COMIT
  • SNOBOL
  • Icon
  • Unicon
  • Lua (also under Modula and Scheme)

    • DCL based

  • DCL
  • Windows PowerShell (also under C#, ksh, and Perl)

    • ed based

  • ed (programming language)
  • sed
  • AWK
  • Perl (also under C)

    • Eiffel based

  • Eiffel
  • Cobra (design by contract)
  • Sather
  • Ubercode

    • Forth based

  • Forth
  • InterPress
  • PostScript
  • Joy
  • Factor
  • Rebol (also under Lisp)
  • RPL (also under Lisp)

    • Fortran based

  • Fortran
  • Fortran II
  • BASIC (see also BASIC based languages)
  • Fortran IV
  • WATFOR
  • WATFIV
  • Fortran 66
  • FORMAC
  • Ratfor
  • Fortran 77
  • WATFOR-77
  • Ratfiv
  • Fortran 90
  • Fortran 95
  • F
  • Fortran 2003
  • ALGOL (see also ALGOL based languages)

    • FP based

  • FP (Function Programming)
  • FL (Function Level)
  • J (also under APL)
  • FPr (also under Lisp and object-oriented programming)

    • HyperTalk based

  • HyperTalk
  • ActionScript (also under JavaScript)
  • AppleScript
  • SenseTalk
  • SuperTalk
  • Transcript

    • Java based

  • Java (also under C)
  • Ateji PX
  • Ceylon
  • Fantom
  • Apache Groovy
  • OptimJ
  • Processing
  • Scala
  • Join Java
  • J#
  • Kotlin
  • X10

    • JavaScript based

  • JavaScript (also under Scheme, Self)
  • ActionScript (also under HyperTalk)
  • Asm.js
  • CoffeeScript
  • ECMAScript
  • Haxe
  • JavaScript OSA
  • JScript
  • TypeScript

    • JOSS based

  • JOSS
  • CAL
  • TELCOMP
  • FOCAL
  • MUMPS
  • Caché ObjectScript

    • Lisp based

  • Lisp
  • Arc
  • AutoLISP
  • Clojure
  • Common Lisp
  • Emacs Lisp
  • Julia (has Lisp-like macros, but ALGOL-like syntax) (also under Python, Ruby, ALGOL)
  • K (also under APL)
  • LFE
  • Logo
  • Turtle graphics
  • Nu programming language
  • PicoLisp
  • REBOL
  • Red (programming language)
  • RPL (also under Forth)
  • S
  • R
  • PCASTL (also under ALGOL)
  • Scheme
  • GNU Guile
  • Racket
  • Hop
  • JavaScript (also under Self) (see also JavaScript based languages)
  • Pico
  • T
  • Lua (also under Modula and SNOBOL)

    • ML based

  • ML
  • Standard ML (SML)
  • Caml
  • OCaml
  • Rust (also under C++, Cyclone, and Haskell)
  • F#

    • PL/I based

  • PL/I
  • PL/M
  • PL/C
  • REXX
  • SP/k
  • XPL

    • Prolog based

  • Prolog
  • CLP(R), CLP(FD)
  • Mercury
  • Erlang
  • Logtalk

    • SASL based

  • SASL
  • Kent Recursive Calculator
  • Miranda
  • Haskell
  • Agda
  • Idris
  • Rust (also under C++, Cyclone, and OCaml)
  • Swift (also under Ruby, Python, and Objective-C)

    • SETL based

  • SETL
  • ABC
  • Python (also under C)
  • Swift (also under Ruby, Objective-C, and Haskell)
  • Boo
  • Cobra (syntax and features)

    • sh based

  • Sh
  • bash
  • csh (also under C)
  • tcsh
  • zsh
  • ksh
  • Windows PowerShell (also under C#, DCL, and Perl)

    • Simula based

  • Simula (also under ALGOL 60)
  • C++ (also under C)
  • Smalltalk
  • Objective-C (hybrid of C and Smalltalk)
  • Swift (also under Ruby, Python, and Haskell)
  • Cobra (support both dynamic and static types)
  • Ruby
  • Swift (also under Objective-C, Python, and Haskell)
  • Self
  • JavaScript (also under Scheme) (see also JavaScript based languages)
  • NewtonScript
  • Io
  • BETA

    • Tcl based

  • Tcl
  • Expect
  • Tea

    • Others

  • Assembly
  • BLISS
  • CORAL
  • Curl
  • GPSS
  • LabVIEW
  • NXT-G
  • occam
  • POP-2, POP-11
  • REFAL
  • RPG (Report Program Generator)
  • Seed7
  • SQL (Structured Query Language)
  • TACL (Tandem Advanced Command Language)
  • TUTOR

    • References

    Generational list of programming languages Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


    Similar Topics