Succeeded by Americo Tomas Role Portuguese Politician | Name Francisco Lopes Appointed by Oscar Carmona | |
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Prime Minister Antonio de Oliveira Salazar Preceded by Antonio de Oliveira Salazar Nominated by Antonio de Oliveira Salazar Preceded by Joao Carlos Craveiro Lopes Spouse Berta da Costa Ribeiro Arthur (m. ?–1964) Presidential term July 21, 1951 – August 9, 1958 Children Joao Carlos, Manuel, Nuno, Maria Joao Awards Order of Christ, Order of Aviz, Order of the Tower and Sword, Order of the Bath, Royal Victorian Chain | ||
Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes ([fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃku iˈʒinu kɾɐˈvɐjɾu ˈlɔpɨʃ]), GCTE, ComC, GCA, (12 April 1894 – 2 September 1964) was a Portuguese politician and military man. Decorated with the Order of the Bath and the Royal Victorian Chain, he was the 12th President of the Portuguese Republic between 1951 and 1958.
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Early life and career
Born in Lisbon, he was a son of João Carlos Craveiro Lopes, Portuguese army general and 122nd Governor-General of Portuguese India (1929–1936) and his wife Júlia Clotilde Cristiano Salinas.
He concluded his Colégio Militar studies by 1911, having then entered the Escola Politécnica de Lisboa, in the same year he joined a cavalry regiment. He succeeded his father as the 123rd General Governor of Portuguese India (1936–1938).
Presidency
Salazar chose him as the regime's presidential candidate in 1951 to succeed the late Óscar Carmona. As the electoral system was heavily rigged in favour of Salazar's National Union, this made Craveiro Lopes' election a foregone conclusion.
However, he was not content to be a mere puppet, as Carmona had been. As a result, Salazar picked the seemingly more pliant Américo Tomás as the regime's candidate in 1958. The Democratic Opposition then invited Craveiro Lopes to be their candidate, but he knew he stood no chance of winning and refused. The regime, however, as compensation promoted him to Marshal. He was involved in the failed military attempt to overthrow Salazar, in 1961, led by the Defence Minister, general Júlio Botelho Moniz.
He died in Lisbon on 2 September 1964.
Family
He married Berta Ribeiro Artur (Lisbon, Pena, 15 October 1899 – Lisbon, Santa Maria de Belém, 5 July 1958), natural daughter of Engineer Sezinando Ribeiro Artur (Lisbon, 1875 – Lourenço Marques, 1918) by Maria Clara Pereira, by whom he had four children.