Estates of Béarn

Updated on Jan 17, 2024

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The Estates of Béarn are the former Provincial Estates of Béarn. It was formed following the death of Gaston III/X of Foix-Béarn, alias Gaston Phoebus, on 1 August 1391, as a sort of Extraordinary Assembly, regrouping the representatives of the various courts of Béarn, most notably those of the "Cour des Communautés" and of the "fr:Cour Majour" that had been disbanded by Gaston Phoebus.

It assembled for the first time on 8 August 1391 and held its last meeting from 12–23 October 1789. When the National Assembly abolished all privileges on 4 August 1789, an exception was made allowing the Estates of Béarn to express their consent. Deliberations took place in a charged atmosphere, and in the end the decree of 4 August 1789 was approved on 28 October 1789.

Composition

The Estates of Béarn were composed of two orders: the "First Order" and the "Second Order".

The First Order was the chamber of the clergy and of the nobility. Its members were:

for the secular clergy, who held the presidency and had the first place in the chamber, there were two members: the Bishop of Lescar, and the Bishop of Oloron;

for the regular clergy, there were three members, the abbots of the three principal abbeys of Béarn: Lucq, Larreule and Sauvelade;

fourteen Baronies of Béarn, composed of:

the ten Major Barons: Andoins, Navailles, Lescun, Gabaston, Coarraze, Doumy, Arros, Gayrosse, Miossens and Gerderest; and

the four Minor Barons: Monein, Lons, Mirepeix and Laàs;

all of the other gentlemen (French: gentilhommes), who were owners of the secular abbeys, and noble manors, houses and lands, without regard to their noble qualities.

The Second Order was the chamber of the Estates of the Realm. It was composed of the representatives of the province's 480 communes, represented by forty-two mayors and jurats of the main communes of Béarn, who were appointed, not elected, and generally owners of noble offices or commissions granted by the King, most notably:

the four towns of Morlaàs, who presided the Second Corps, Orthez, Oloron and Sauveterre;

the three valleys of Ossau, Aspe and Barétous;

initially, the six cities of Navarrenx, Pau, Monein, Nay, Lembeye and Salies, as well as, later, the cities of Lescar and Sainte-Marie;

the villages of Bruges, Bellocq, Lagor, Gan, Pontacq, Montaner, Garlin, Pardies, Maslacq, Loubieng, Castétis, Conchez, Jurançon, Garos, Garlin, Labastide-Villefranche, Asson, Vielleségure, Mur and Castagnède, Gurs, Thèze, Labastide-Monréjeau, Ger, Beuste, Larreule, Uzan, Mazerolles, Montagut, Moncaup et Monpezat ;

the Josbaig Valley.

References

Estates of Béarn Wikipedia

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