Cyanea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae. These Hawaiian lobelioids are endemic to Hawaii. They grow in moist and wet forest habitat. Its name in Hawaiian is hāhā.
Over 90% of Cyanea species are found only on one island in the Hawaiian chain.
Most Cyanea are trees with few branches or none. The inflorescence is a raceme of 4 to 45 flowers which grows from the leaf axils. The fruit is a fleshy berry. There have been several theories regarding the evolution of large prickles on plants endemic to islands that lack any mammalian or reptilian herbivores. One such theory suggests that the prickles are a defense against herbivory by the moa-nalo, a few taxa of flightless ducks that were made extinct from the islands relatively recently, within the last 1600 years.
Cyanea flowers are pollinated by birds such as the Hawaiian honeycreepers, and the seeds are dispersed by birds that take the fruits.
There are about 78 species in the genus.
Species include:
Cyanea aculeatiflora – Haleakala cyaneaCyanea acuminata – Honolulu cyaneaCyanea angustifolia – hāhā, 'aku,Cyanea arborea – palmtree cyaneaCyanea asarifolia – gingerleaf cyaneaCyanea aspleniifolia – spleenwort cyaneaCyanea calycina – Waianae Range rollandia, O'ahu cyaneaCyanea comata – Maui cyaneaCyanea copelandii – treetrunk cyaneaCyanea coriacea – leatherleaf cyaneaCyanea crispa – Koolau Range rollandiaCyanea cylindrocalyx – splitleaf cyaneaCyanea dolichopoda – long-foot cyaneaCyanea dunbariae – ravine cyaneaCyanea eleeleensis – eleele cyaneaCyanea fissa – Kauai cyaneaCyanea floribunda – Degener's cyaneaCyanea giffardii – Kilauea Mauna cyaneaCyanea glabra – smooth cyaneaCyanea grimesiana – splitleaf cyaneaCyanea habenata – stream-bed cyaneaCyanea hamatiflora – wetforest cyaneaCyanea hardyi – Oahu cyaneaCyanea hirtella – rustyleaf cyaneaCyanea horrida – prickly cyaneaCyanea humboldtiana – Oahu rollandiaCyanea kahiliensis – spoonleaf cyaneaCyanea kauaulaensisCyanea kolekoleensis – kolekole cyaneaCyanea koolauensis – Palolo Valley rollandiaCyanea kuhihewa – Limahuli Valley cyaneaCyanea kunthiana – Kunth's cyaneaCyanea lanceolata – lanceleaf cyaneaCyanea leptostegia – giant kokee cyaneaCyanea linearifolia – linearleaf cyaneaCyanea lobata – Waihee Valley cyaneaCyanea longiflora – ridge rollandiaCyanea longissima – streambank cyaneaCyanea macrostegia – purple cyaneaCyanea mannii – Mann's cyaneaCyanea marksii – Marks' cyaneaCyanea mauiensis – Maui cyaneaCyanea mceldowneyi – McEldowney's cyaneaCyanea membranacea – papery cyaneaCyanea munroi – Munro's cyaneaCyanea obtusa – bluntlobe cyaneaCyanea parvifolia – Waioli Valley rollandiaCyanea pilosa – hairy cyaneaCyanea pinnatifida – sharktail cyaneaCyanea platyphylla – puna cyaneaCyanea pohaku – pohaku cyaneaCyanea procera – Molokai cyaneaCyanea profuga – Mapulehu Valley cyaneaCyanea purpurellifolia – Panaluu Mountain rollandiaCyanea pycnocarpa – manyfruit cyaneaCyanea quercifolia – oakleaf cyaneaCyanea recta – Kealia cyaneaCyanea remyi – Remy's cyaneaCyanea rivularis – plateau cyaneaCyanea salicina – willow cyaneaCyanea scabra – harsh cyaneaCyanea sessilifolia – sessileleaf cyaneaCyanea shipmanii – Shipman's cyaneaCyanea solanacea – popoloCyanea spathulata – spoonleaf cyaneaCyanea st.-johnii – St. John's rollandiaCyanea stictophylla – Kaiholena cyaneaCyanea superba – Mt. Kaala cyaneaCyanea truncata – Punaluu cyaneaCyanea undulata – leechleaf cyanea