Country India District Bankura Telephone/STD code 03241 Area 447.5 km² Population 195,038 (2011) | State West Bengal Time zone IST (UTC+5:30) Elevation 139 m Literacy 65.7% Area code 03241 | |
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PIN 722132 (Chhatna)
722137 (Jhantipahari)
722182 (Susunia) Weather 27°C, Wind SE at 0 km/h, 53% Humidity | ||
Chhatna is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Bankura Sadar subdivision of Bankura district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Contents
From Bishnupur kingdom to the British Raj
From around the 7th century AD till around the advent of British rule, for around a millennium, history of Bankura district is identical with the rise and fall of the Hindu Rajas of Bishnupur. The Bishnupur Rajas, who were at the summit of their fortunes towards the end of the 17th century, started declining in the first half of the 18th century. First, the Maharaja of Burdwan seized the Fatehpur Mahal, and then the Maratha invasions laid waste their country.
Bishnupur was ceded to the British with the rest of Burdwan chakla in 1760. In 1787, Bishnupur was united with Birbhum to form a separate administrative unit. In 1793 it was transferred to the Burdwan collectorate. In 1879, the district acquired its present shape with the thanas of Khatra and Raipur and the outpost of Simplapal being transferred from Manbhum, and the thanas of Sonamukhi, Kotulpur and Indas being retransferred from Burdwan. However, it was known for sometime as West Burdwan and in 1881 came to be known as Bankura district.
Geography
Chhatna is located at 23°18′06″N 86°58′58″E. It is 13 km (8.1 mi) from Bankura town on the Bankura-Purulia road. Susunia is 10 km (6.2 mi) north-east of Chhatna.
Chhatna CD Block is located in the western part of the district. It belongs to the Uneven lands/ hard ring rock area. The soil is laterite red and hard beds are covered with scrub jungle and sal wood.
There are two are two moderately high hills – Biharinath (in Saltora CD Block) and Susunia (in Chhatna CD Block). While the former rises to a height of 448 metres (1,470 ft), the latter attains a height of 440 metres (1,440 ft).
Chhatna CD Block is bounded by Saltora and Gangajalghati CD Blocks on the north, Bankura II and Bankura I CD Blocks on the east, Indpur CD Block on the south and Kashipur and Hura CD Blocks, in Purulia district, on the west.
It is located 15 km from Bankura, the district headquarters.
Chhatna CD Block has an area of 447.47 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 13 gram panchayats, 147 gram sansads (village councils), 288 mouzas, 277 inhabited villages and 1 census town. Chhatna police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Chhatna.
Gram panchayats of Chhatna block/ panchayat samiti are: Arrah, Chhatna I, Chhatna II, Chinabari, Dhaban, Ghosegram, Jamtora, Jhunka, Jirrah, Metyala, Saldiha, Susunia and Teghari.
Population
As per the 2011 Census of India Chhatna CD Block had a total population of 195,038, of which 189,712 were rural and 5,326 were urban. There were 99,523 (51%) males and 95,515 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 24,229. Scheduled Castes numbered 58,493 (29.99%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 39,975 (20.50%).
In the 2001 census, Chhatna community development bloc had a total population of 169,141 of which 85,562 were males and 83,579 were females. Decadal growth for the period 1991-2001 was 8.32% for Chatna, against 13.79% in Bankura district. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84%.
Census Towns in Chhatna CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Jhanti Pahari (5,236).
Villages in Chhatna CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Shaldiha (2,504), Teghori (1,663), Ghosergan (1,909), Metyala (501), Shushunia (1,018), Jhunka (1,721), Jirra (2085), Dhaban (1,543), Arra (2,127) and Chinabari (1,125)
Literacy
As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Chhatna CD Block was 112,267 (65.73% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 67,651 (77.63% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 44,616 (53.33%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 24.30%.
As per the 2011 census, literacy in Bankura district was 70.26%, up from 63.44 in 2001 and 52.00% in 1991. Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011. Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
Languages and religions
Bengali is the local language in these areas.
There is a tribal presence in many of the CD Blocks of the district. Santali is spoken by around 10% of the population. Some people also speak Mundari.
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 161,367 and formed 82.74% of the population in Chhatna CD Block. Muslims numbered 5,006 and formed 2.57% of the population. Christians numbered 56 and formed 0.03% of the population. Others numbered 28,609 and formed 14.67% of the population. Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria, and other religious communities.
BPL families
In Chhatna CD Block 49.95% families were living below poverty line in 2007.
Migration has been observed in the following CD Blocks of Bankura district: Bankura I, Chhatna, Saltora, Indpur, Ranibandh, Hirbandh, Khatra, Raipur and Sarenga. Although authentic figures are not available, a sample survey has been done. According to the sample survey, around 54.5% to 85.4% of the families on an average migrate from these blocks. Another study shows that around 23% of the people from the under-privileged blocks in the western and southern Bankura migrate. Those migrating belong mostly to the SC or ST population. They migrate for periods varying from 15 days to 6/8 months. Most people migrate to meet their food deficit and go to Bardhaman and Hooghly districts but some go to Gujarat and Maharashtra as construction labour.
Infrastructure
276 or 96% of mouzas in Chhatna CD Block were electrified by 31 March 2014.
287 mouzas in Chhatna CD Block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 77 fertiliser depots, 15 seed stores and 80 fair price shops in the CD Block.
Agriculture
In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Chhatna CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 10.22%, patta (document) holders 11.36%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.64%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 20.56% and agricultural labourers 51.20%.
In 2003-04 net area sown in Chhatna CD Block was 24,932 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 2,571 hectares.
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Chhatna CD Block was 2,625 hectares, out of which 1,695 hectares by tank water, 860 hectares by river lift irrigation, 45 hectares by shallow tubewells and 25 hectares by open dug wells.
In 2013-14, Chhatna CD Block produced 6,976 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 2,756 hectares. It also produced mustard.
Handloom and pottery industries
The handloom industry engages the largest number of persons in the non farm sector and hence is important in Bankura district. The handloom industry is well established in all the CD Blocks of the district and includes the famous Baluchari saris. In 2004-05 Chhatna CD Block had 1,112 looms in operation.
Bankura district is famous for the artistic excellence of its pottery products that include the famous Bankura horse. The range of pottery products is categorised as follows: domestic utilities, terracota and other decorative items and roofing tiles and other heavy pottery items. Around 3,200 families were involved in pottery making in the district in 2002. 212 families were involved in Chhatna CD Block.
Banking
In 2013-14, Chhatna CD Block had offices of 9 commercial banks and 4 gramin banks.
Transport
In 2013-14, Chhatna CD Block had 9 originating/ terminating bus routes.
The Kharagpur-Adra line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD Block. There are stations at Chhatna and Jhantipahari.
The Saltora-Bankura section of State Highway 8 (West Bengal) running from Santaldih (in Purulia district) to Majhdia (in Nadia district) passes through this CD Block.
Education
In 2013-14, Chhatna CD Block had 244 primary schools with 16,444 students, 20 middle schools with 2,105 students, 12 high schools with 7,881 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 6,840 students. Chhatna CD Block had 1 general college with 696 students, 1 professional/ technical institution with 207 students and 386 institutions for special and non-formal education with 10,441 students. Chhatna CD Block had 13 mass literacy centres.
Saldiha College at Saldiha was established in 1966. It has hostel facilities – three for boys and one for girls.
Chhatna Chandidas Mahavidyalaya was established at Ghoramuli in 2007.
The College of Agriculture, Chhatna, an extended campus of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya was started in 2015.
Healthcare
In 2014, Chhatna CD Block had 1 rural hospital, 4 primary health centres and 1 private nursing home with total 59 beds and 7 doctors. It had 36 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 5,199 patients were treated indoor and 211,882 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.