The National Academy of Engineering annually awards the Charles Stark Draper Prize, which is given for the advancement of engineering and the education of the public about engineering. It is one of three prizes that constitute the "Nobel Prizes of Engineering" - the others being the Academy's Russ and Gordon Prizes. The winner of each of these prizes receives $500,000. The Draper prize is named for Charles Stark Draper, the "father of inertial navigation", an MIT professor and founder of Draper Laboratory.
1989: Jack S. Kilby and Robert N. Noyce for their independent development of the monolithic integrated circuit
1991: Sir Frank Whittle and Hans von Ohain for their independent development of the turbojet engine
1993: John Backus for his development of FORTRAN, the first widely used, general purpose, high-level computer language
1995: John R. Pierce and Harold A. Rosen for their development of communication satellite technology
1997: Vladimir Haensel for his invention of "platforming"
1999: Charles K. Kao, Robert D. Maurer, and John B. MacChesney for the development of fiber optics
2001: Vinton G. Cerf, Robert E. Kahn, Leonard Kleinrock, and Lawrence G. Roberts for the development of the Internet
2002: Robert Langer for the bioengineering of revolutionary medical drug delivery systems
2003: Ivan A. Getting and Bradford W. Parkinson for their work developing the Global Positioning System
2004: Alan C. Kay, Butler W. Lampson, Robert W. Taylor, and Charles P. Thacker for their work on Alto, the first practical networked computer
2005: Minoru S. "Sam" Araki, Francis J. Madden, Edward A. Miller, James W. Plummer, and Don H. Schoessler for the design, development, and operation of Corona, the first space-based Earth observation systems
2006: Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith for the invention of the charge-coupled device (CCD), a light-sensitive component at the heart of digital cameras and other widely used imaging technologies
2007: Tim Berners-Lee for developing the World Wide Web
2008: Rudolf E. Kalman for developing the Kalman filter
2009: Robert H. Dennard for his invention and contributions to the development of Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), used universally in computers and other data processing and communication systems
2011: Frances H. Arnold and Willem P.C. Stemmer for their individual contributions to directed evolution, a process which allows researchers to guide the creation of certain properties in proteins and cells. This technique has been used in food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, toxicology, agricultural products, gene delivery systems, laundry aids, and biofuels
2012: George H. Heilmeier, Wolfgang Helfrich, Martin Schadt, and T. Peter Brody for their contributions to the development of liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies
2013: Thomas Haug, Martin Cooper, Yoshihisa Okumura (奥村 善久), Richard H. Frenkiel, and Joel S. Engel - mobile phone pioneers who laid the groundwork for today’s smartphone
2014: John Goodenough, Yoshio Nishi(西 美緒), Rachid Yazami and Akira Yoshino(吉野 彰) - rechargeable battery pioneers who laid the groundwork for today’s lithium ion battery.
2015: Isamu Akasaki, M. George Craford, Russell Dupuis, Nick Holonyak, Jr. and Shuji Nakamura for the invention, development, and commercialization of materials and processes for light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
2016: Andrew J. Viterbi for development of the Viterbi algorithm, its transformational impact on digital wireless communications, and its significant applications in speech recognition and synthesis and in bioinformatics.
Charles Stark Draper Prize Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA