The Adelaide International Jubilee Exhibition of 1887 was a celebration of the 50th anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne on 20 June 1837, held in Adelaide, South Australia in 1887. It was also a celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Proclamation of South Australia which occurred around six months earlier, on 28 December 1886.
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History
The idea of South Australia hosting an international exhibition as a patriotic gesture was promoted in the early 1880s, culminating in a Bill which was passed by Parliament in 1883. Subsequent opposition to the scheme on the grounds of the expense involved saw the Bill being repealed in 1884, and Sir Edwin T. Smith pushed for a less grandiose celebration, which resulted in the Act of 1885, and the voting of ₤32,000 for a permanent Exhibition Building, as well as an adjacent temporary building. The cost of running the Exhibition, expected to be met by entrance fees, was underwritten by a handful of wealthy guarantors. A railway line was constructed from the Adelaide railway station to the Exhibition Building.
J. F. Conigrave was Secretary, William Alfred Robinson was on the committee; Robert Dalrymple Ross was a promoter. H. C. E. Muecke was Executive Commissioner for Germany; C. L. Meyer (1849–1916) for Austria-Hungary. Sir Herbert Sandford R.A. (1826–1892) visited as British Commissioner, enlisting J. C. Wharton as secretary. John Neild was the popular and hard-working commissioner for New South Wales.
A London Committee was formed under Chairman the Duke of Manchester, with secretary George Levey contributed largely to the Melbourne, London, Philadelphia, New York and Paris press, and wrote various important official reports.
The formal opening ceremony took place on 21 June 1887 and began, after a prayer by Bishop Kennion and a performance of the Exhibition Cantata (George Herbert Cossins / Edward R. G. W. Andrews), with an address by Sir Edwin Smith, the Vice-President of the South Australian Commission, presenting to the President, the Governor Sir William Robinson with a golden master key to the Building, all the locks having been donated by Chubb & Co. This part of the formalities over, the orchestra and chorus under Professor Joshua Ives struck up The Song of Australia.
A quite different composition, the Jubilee Cantata or Victoria Cantata, was performed to great acclaim at the closing ceremony on 7 January 1888. Written (words and music) by Carl Puttmann, it opened with variations on the Song of Australia and concluded with a fugue on God Save the Queen.
Awards
34 juries numbering between 4 and 12 jurors (total 192 of which 92 were from New South Wales and Victoria, and the remainder from South Australia) made some 3,426 awards .
Entertainments
Many dozens of concerts were given during the course of the Exhibition, of which the following is a sample:
Agricultural Show
The Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society ran their Spring Show concurrently with the Jubilee Exhibition from 14 to 17 September, but at the "Old Exhibition Grounds" on the other side of Frome Road. The Show had been extended from two to four days on account of the great interest shown, particularly in the display of sheep, which was of a very high standard.
Some prizewinners
By no means exhaustive, these names and categories may give an idea of the range of awards.
Legacy
Costs of running the Exhibition, not counting capital works, were more than covered by gate takings and other receipts, a tribute to the Committee's organisation, but also to the patriotic fervour of the times.
John Neild began to encounter difficulties in his political career towards the end of the 1880s; criticism of his oversight of the establishment of the Exhibition led to investigation by a Legislative Assembly select committee, but he was exonerated.
The area north of the Exhibition Railway Station was cleared and formed into a sports oval, bordered by a banked cycle racing track, and christened the Jubilee Oval. It was used, in conjunction with the Jubilee Exhibition Building, for Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society Autumn Show in 1895, and all Shows until the Spring Show at the Wayville showgrounds in September 1925.