Year 996 (CMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Al-Aziz Billah, fifth Fatimid Caliph in Egypt, dies and is succeeded by his son, Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah.
The Niujie Mosque is constructed in Beijing.
The citizens of Tyre rise up in revolt against the Fatimid Caliphate.
March or April – Pope John XV dies before being able to crown Otto III, King of Germany as Holy Roman Emperor. Otto resides in Pavia, while waiting for the election of the next Pope.
May 21 – Sixteen-year-old Otto III is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by his cousin, Pope Gregory V.
October 24 – Hugh Capet, King of France, dies and is succeeded by his son, Robert II of France.
November 1 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi (Austria in Old High German).
In a continuing effort to expend northward, the de facto ruler of al-Andalus, al-Mansur, captures the city of Astorga.
In the Duchy of Normandy, peasants revolt against the Scandinavian aristocracy.
May 3 – Pope Gregory V succeeds Pope John XV as the 138th pope. He is the 24-year-old Bruno of Carinthia, grandson of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, and first cousin of Otto III. He is the first German Pope.
July 29 – Fujiwara no Norimichi, a kugyo of the Heian period
Drogo of Mantes, count of Valois and the Vexin
Shaykh Tusi, scholar of the Twelver school of Shia Islam
April 1 – Pope John XV
October 24 – Hugh Capet, King of France (b. 938)
November 20 – Richard I, Duke of Normandy (b. 933)
Abu Talib al-Makki, Sufi mystic
Abu Mansoor Nizar al-Aziz Billah, fifth Fatimid Caliph in Egypt
Li Fang, Chinese scholar and encyclopedist (b. 925)
Herman I, Count Palatine of Lotharingia
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