The Ninety-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1975 to January 3, 1977, during the administration of U.S. President Gerald Ford.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Nineteenth Census of the United States in 1970. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.
January 15, 1975: 1975 State of the Union Address
April 30, 1975: Fall of Saigon
June 10, 1975: The Rockefeller Commission issued its report on CIA abuses, recommending a joint congressional oversight committee on intelligence.
September 5, 1975: Failed assassination attempt against President Ford by Lynette Fromme
September 22, 1975: Failed assassination attempt against President Ford by Sara Jane Moore
July 4, 1976: United States Bicentennial
November 2, 1976:
United States House of Representatives elections, 1976 and United States Senate elections, 1976: Democrats retain congress
United States presidential election, 1976: Jimmy Carter (D) elected President
December 12, 1976: Congressional Hispanic Caucus formed
Church Committee (Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities): July 27, 1975 – May 19, 1976; Replaced by Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
Joint Committee on Arrangements for the Bicentennial: September 5, 1975 - October 1, 1976
November 29, 1975: Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Pub.L. 94–142, 89 Stat. 773
December 23, 1975: Metric Conversion Act, Pub.L. 94–168
December 23, 1975: Revenue Adjustment Act (Earned Income Tax Credit), Pub.L. 94–164, 89 Stat. 970
February 5, 1976: Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act, Pub.L. 94–210, 90 Stat. 31
September 13, 1976: Government in the Sunshine Act, Pub.L. 94–409, 90 Stat. 1241
September 30, 1976: Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act, Pub.L. 94–435, 90 Stat. 1383
October 11, 1976: Toxic Substances Control Act, Pub.L. 94–469, 90 Stat. 2003
October 12, 1976: Overhaul of vocational education programs Pub.L. 94–482, 90 Stat. 2169
October 19, 1976: Copyright Act of 1976, Pub.L. 94–553, 90 Stat. 2541
October 21, 1976: Federal Land Policy and Management Act, Pub.L. 94–579, 90 Stat. 2744
October 21, 1976: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Pub.L. 94–580, 90 Stat. 2795
October 22, 1976: National Forest Management Act, Pub.L. 94–588, 90 Stat. 2949
Membership changed with two resignations and a disputed election.
Democratic: 291 (majority)
Republican: 144
Total: 435
President of the Senate: Nelson Rockefeller (R)
President pro tempore: James Eastland (D)
Permanent Acting President pro tempore: Lee Metcalf (D)
Majority Leader: Mike Mansfield
Majority Whip: Robert Byrd
Caucus Secretary: Frank Moss
Campaign Committee Chairman: J. Bennett Johnston
Minority Leader: Hugh Scott
Minority Whip: Robert P. Griffin
Republican Conference Chairman: Carl Curtis
Republican Conference Secretary: Robert Stafford
National Senatorial Committee Chair: Ted Stevens
Policy Committee Chairman: John Tower
Speaker: Carl Albert (D)
Majority Leader: Tip O'Neill
Majority Whip: John J. McFall
Chief Deputy Majority Whip: John Brademas
Democratic Caucus Chairman: Phillip Burton
Caucus Secretary: Patsy Mink
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Wayne Hays, until June 18, 1976
James C. Corman, from June 18, 1976
Minority Leader: John Jacob Rhodes
Minority Whip: Robert H. Michel
Conference Chair: John B. Anderson
Conference Secretary: Jack Edwards
Policy Committee Chairman: Barber Conable
Campaign Committee Chairman: Guy Vander Jagt
Congressional Black Caucus
Congressional Hispanic Caucus
House Democratic Caucus
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress.
Many of the congressional districts are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Replacements: 8
Democratic: no net change
Republican: 1 seat net gain
Deaths: 1
Resignations: 6
Vacancy: 0
Total seats with changes: 8
replacements: 3
Democratic: 3 seat net loss
Republican: 2 seat net gain
deaths: 2
resignations: 2
contested election:
Total seats with changes: 4
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Aging (Special)
Aeronautical and Space Sciences
Aerospace Technology and National Needs (Ad Hoc)
the Upper Atmosphere (Ad Hoc)
Agriculture and Forestry
Environment, Soil Conservation and Forestry
Agricultural Credit and Rural Electrification
Agricultural Production, Marketing and Stabilization of Prices
Rural Development
Foreign Agricultural Policy
Appropriations
Agriculture and Related Agencies
Defense
District of Columbia
Foreign Operations
HUD-Independent Agencies
Interior
Labor, Health, Education and Welfare
Legislative
Military Construction
Public Works
State, Justice, Commerce and the Judiciary
Transportation
Treasury, Postal Service and General Government
Armed Services
Intelligence
Preparedness Investigating
National Stockfile and Naval Petroleum Reserves
Military Construction Authorization
Arms Control
Tactical Air Power
Research and Development
General Legislation
Manpower and Personnel
Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
Oversight
Housing and Urban Affairs
Financial Institutions
Securities
International Finance
Production and Stabilization
Consumer Affairs
Small Business
Budget
Commerce
Aviation
Communications
Consumer
Environment
Foreign Commerce and Tourism
Merchant Marine
Oceans and Atmosphere
Surface Transportation
National Ocean Policy Study
Science, Technology and Commerce
Oil and Natural Gas Production and Distribution
To Study Textile Industry
the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway
Freight Car Shortage
District of Columbia
Finance
Health
Foundations
International Trade
International Finance and Resources
Private Pension Plans
Social Security Financing
Energy
Financial Markets
Revenue Markets
Administration of the Internal Revenue Code
Supplemental Security Income
Foreign Relations
European Affairs
Far Eastern Affairs
Multinational Corporations
Arms Control and Security Agreements
Oceans and International Environment
Western Hemisphere Affairs
Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs
Foreign Assistance and Economic Policy
African Affairs
Government Operations
Investigations
Intergovernmental Relations
Reports, Accounting and Management
Overnight Procedures
Federal Spending Practices, Efficiency and Open Government
Interior and Insular Affairs
Energy Research and Water Resources
Environment and Land Resources
Indian Affairs
Minerals, Materials and Fuels
Parks and Recreation
Legislative Oversight
Integrated Oil Operations (Special)
Judiciary
Administrative Practice and Procedure
Antitrust and Monopoly
Constitutional Amendments
Constitutional Rights
Criminal Laws and Procedures
FBI Oversight
Federal Charters, Holidays and Celebrations
Immigration and Naturalization
Improvements in Judicial Machinery
Internal Security
Juvenile Delinquency
Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights
Penitentiaries
Rufugees and Escapees
Revision of Codification
Separation of Powers
Labor and Public Welfare
Labor
The Handicapped
Education
Health
Employment, Poverty and Migratory Lands
Children and Youth
Aging
Alcoholism and Narcotics
Arts and Humanities
National Science Foundation
Human Resources
Nutrition and Human Needs (Select)
Post Office and Civil Service
Ex-Officio Members of Postal Appropriations
Civil Service Policies and Practices
Compensation and Employment Benefits
Postal Operations
Census and Statistics
National Emergencies and Delegated Emergency Powers (Special)
Public Works
Environmental Pollution
Panel on Environmental Science and Technology
Economic Development
Water Resources
Transportation
Disaster Relief
Buildings and Grounds
Rules and Administration
Standing Rules of the Senate
Privileges and Elections
Printing
Library
Smithsonian Institution
Restaurant
Computer Services
Intelligence Activities (Select)
Senate Committee System (Special)
Small Business (Select)
Standards and Conduct (Select)
To Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities (Select)
Termination of the National Emergency (Special)
Veterans' Affairs
Compensation and Pensions
Health and Hospitals
Housing and Insurance
Readjustment, Education and Employment
Cemeteries and Burial Benefits
Whole
Aging (Select)
Agriculture
Livestock and Grains
Tobacco
Cotton
Dairy and Poultry
Family Farms and Rural Development
Appropriations
Agriculture and Related Agencies
Defense
District of Columbia
Foreign Operations
HUD-Independent Agencies
Interior
Labor-Health, Education and Welfare
Legislative
Military Construction
Public Works
State, Justice, Commerce and Judiciary
Transportation
Treasury, Postal Service and General Government
Armed Services
Research and Development
Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials
Military Compensation
Military Installations and Facilities
Military Personnel
Investigations
Intelligence
Banking and Currency
Domestic Monetary Policy
Housing and Community and Development
Economic Stabilization
Consumer Affairs
International Development Institutions and Finance
Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance
International Trade, Investment and Monetary Policy
General Oversight and Renegotiation
Historic Preservation and Coinage
Budget
Crime (Select)
District of Columbia
Commerce, Housing and Transportation
Education, Labor and Social Services
Government Operations
Judiciary
Fiscal Affairs
The Bicentennial, The Environment and the International Community
Education and Labor
Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education
Labor-Management Relations
Labor Standards
Manpower, Compensation, Health and Safety
Select Education
Postsecondary Education
Equal Opportunities
Agricultural Labor
Government Operations
Legislation and National Security
Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources
Conservation, Energy and Natural Resources
Government Activities and Transportation
Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs
Manpower and Housing
Government Information and Individual Rights
House Administration
Accounts
Elections
Library and Memorials
Printing
Electrical and Mechanical Office Equipment
Personnel and Police
Contracts
Parking
Paper Conservation
Computer (Ad Hoc)
Restaurant (Ad Hoc)
House Beauty Shop (Select)
Intelligence (Select)
Insular Affairs
National Parks and Recreation
Water and Power Resources
Energy and the Environment
Territorial and Insular Affairs
Mines and Mining
Indian Affairs
Public Lands
International Relations
Interstate and Foreign Commerce
Communications
Oversight and Investigations
Energy and Power
Health and the Environment
Consumer Protection and Finance
Transportation and Commerce
Judiciary
United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration-->
Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice
Monopolies and Commercial Law
Administrative Law and Governmental Relations
Civil and Constitutional Rights
Crime
Criminal Justice
Merchant Marine and Fisheries
Merchant Marine
Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment
Coast Guard and Navigation
Oceangraphy
Panama Canal
Missing Persons in Southeast Asia (Select)
Modernization of House Gallery Facilities (Special)
Outer Continental Shelf (Ad Hoc/Select)
Post Office and Civil Service
Manpower and Civil Service
Postal Service
Postal Facilities, Mail and Labor Management
Retirement and Employee Benefits
Employee Political Rights and Intergovernmental Programs
Census and Population
Public Works and Transportation
Aviation
Economic Development
Investigations and Review
Public Buildings and Grounds
Surface Transportation
Water Resources
Regulate Parking (Select)
Rules
Science and Technology
Energy Research, Development and Demonstration (Fossil Fuels)
Space Science and Applications
Science, Research and Technology
Domestic and International Scientific Planning and Analysis
Energy Research, Development and Demonstration
Environment and the Atmosphere
Aviation and Transportation R&D
Small Business
Energy and Environment
Government Procurement and International Trade
Activities of Regulatory Agencies
SBA and SBIC Legislation
SBA Oversight and Minority Enterprise
Commodities and Services
Antitrust, the Robinson-Patman Act and Related Matters (Ad Hoc)
Standards of Official Conduct
Veterans' Affairs
Compensation, Pension and Insurance
Education and Training
Hospitals
Housing
Cemeteries and Burial Benefits
Ways and Means
Social Security
Health
Unemployment Compensation
Trade
Public Assistance
Oversight
Whole
Arrangements for the Commemoration of the Bicentennial of the United States of America
Atomic Energy
Congressional Operations
Defense Productions
Economic
Internal Revenue Taxation
Library
Printing
Architect of the Capitol: George M. White
Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Freeman H. Cary
Comptroller General of the United States: Elmer B. Staats
Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Alice M. Rivlin (starting February 24)
Librarian of Congress: Daniel J. Boorstin (starting November 12)
Public Printer of the United States: Thomas F. McCormick
Chaplain: Edward L.R. Elson
Historian: Richard A. Baker
Parliamentarian: Murray Zweben
Secretary: Francis R. Valeo
Secretary for the Majority: J. Stanley Kimmitt
Secretary for the Minority: W. F. Hindenbrand
Sergeant at Arms: William H. Wannall
Chaplain: Edward G. Latch (Methodist)
Clerk: W. Pat Jennings
Parliamentarian: William H. Brown
Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth R. Harding
