Harman Patil (Editor)

1785

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1785 (MDCCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (dominical letter B) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter E) of the Julian calendar, the 1785th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 785th year of the 2nd millennium, the 85th year of the 18th century, and the 6th year of the 1780s decade. As of the start of 1785, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Contents

January–June

  • January 1 – The first issue of the Daily Universal Register, later known as The Times, is published in London.
  • January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover, England to Calais, France in a hydrogen gas balloon, becoming the first to cross the English Channel by air.
  • January 20 – Invading Siamese forces, attempting to exploit the political chaos in Vietnam, are ambushed and annihilated at the Mekong river by the Tây Sơn in the Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút.
  • January 27 – The University of Georgia is founded in Athens, Georgia (United States).
  • May 10 – A hot air balloon crashes in Tullamore, Ireland, causing a fire that burns down about 100 houses, making it the world's first aviation disaster (by 36 days).
  • June 3 – Continental Navy disbanded.
  • June 15 – After several attempts, Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and his companion, Pierre Romain, set off in a balloon from Boulogne-sur-Mer, but the balloon suddenly deflates (without the envelope catching fire) and crashes near Wimereux in the Pas-de-Calais, killing both men, making it the first fatal aviation disaster.

    • July–December

  • July 6 – The dollar is unanimously chosen as the money unit for the United States.
  • July 16 – The Piper-Heidsieck Champagne house is founded by Florens-Louis Heidsieck in Reims, France.
  • August 1 – The fleet of French explorer Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse leaves Paris for the circumnavigation of the globe.
  • August 15 – Cardinal de Rohan is arrested in Paris; the Necklace Affair comes into the open.
  • November – A drought occurs in Haiti.
  • November 28 – The Treaty of Hopewell is signed between the United States of America and the Cherokee Nation.

    • Date unknown

  • The University of New Brunswick is founded in Fredericton, New Brunswick.
  • Coal gas is first used for illumination.
  • Louis XVI of France signs to a law that a handkerchief must be square.
  • The British government establishes a permanent land force in the Eastern Caribbean, based in Barbados.
  • Belfast Academy (later Belfast Royal Academy) is founded by Rev. Dr James Crombie in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
  • Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi publishes Letters on the Teachings of Spinoza, and starts the Pantheism controversy.
  • Napoleon Bonaparte becomes a lieutenant in the French artillery.
  • Music: Mozart's "Haydn" String Quartets are published, as is his collaboration with Salieri and Cornetti, Per la ricuperata salute di Ofelia.

    • Births

  • January 4
  • Jacob Grimm, German philologist, folklorist, and writer (d. 1863)
  • Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (d. 1831)
  • January 15 – William Prout English chemist, physician, and natural theologian (d. 1850)
  • January 20 – Theodor Grotthuss, German-Lithuanian chemist (d. 1822)
  • February 8 – Martín Miguel de Güemes Argentine military leader (d. 1821)
  • February 10 – Claude-Louis Navier, French engineer and physicist (d. 1836)
  • February 26 – Anna Sundström, Swedish chemist (d. 1871)
  • March 11
  • John McLean, American politician and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1861)
  • Eleonore Prochaska, German heroine soldier (d. 1805)
  • March 17 – Ellen Hutchins, Irish botanist (d. 1815)
  • March 27 – Louis XVII of France (d. 1795)
  • April 4 – Bettina von Arnim, German poet (d. 1859)
  • April 26 – John James Audubon, French-American naturalist and illustrator (d. 1851)
  • April 29 – Karl Drais, German Inventor, created a precursor to the bicycle (d. 1851)
  • May 18 – John Wilson, Scottish writer (d. 1854)
  • May 20 – Marcellin Champagnat, Saint (d. 1840)
  • May 22 – John Hindmarsh, English naval officer and the first Governor of South Australia (d. 1860)
  • July 6 – William Jackson Hooker, English botanist (d. 1865)
  • July 20 – Mahmud II, Ottoman sultan (d. 1839)
  • August 15 – Thomas de Quincey, English writer (d. 1859)
  • August 23 – Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval officer (d. 1819)
  • September 27 – David Walker, Abolitionist (d. 1830)
  • October 15 – José Miguel Carrera, Chilean general and founding father (d. 1821)
  • October 18 – Thomas Love Peacock, English satirist (d. 1866)
  • October 20 – George Ormerod, English historian and antiquarian (d. 1873)
  • November 18 – David Wilkie, Scottish artist (d. 1841)
  • December 17 – Dorothea Lieven, Latvian diplomat and politically active princess (d. 1857)
  • December 23 – Christian Gobrecht, designer of the "Liberty Seated" coins (d. 1844)

    • Deaths

  • January 3 – Baldassare Galuppi, Italian composer (b. 1706)
  • January 19 – Jonathan Toup, English classical scholar and critic (b. 1713)
  • January 23 – Matthew Stewart, Scottish mathematician (b. 1717)
  • February 26 – Barbara Erni, Liechtenstein confidence trickster (b. 1743)
  • April 14 – William Whitehead, English writer (b. 1715)
  • May 8
  • Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French statesman (b. 1719)
  • Pietro Longhi, Venetian painter (b. 1701)
  • June 2 – Jean Paul de Gua de Malves, French mathematician (b. 1713)
  • June 30 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia (b. 1696)
  • August 17 – Jonathan Trumbull, Governor of the Colony and the state of Connecticut (b. 1710)
  • August 26 – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, British soldier and politician (b. 1716)
  • August 28 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (b. 1714)
  • October 4 – David Brearley, delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention (b. 1703)
  • November 18 – Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, French soldier and writer (b. 1725)
  • November 19 – Bernard de Bury, French composer (b. 1720)
  • November 25 – Richard Glover, English poet (b. 1712)
  • December 6 – Kitty Clive, English actress and playwright (b. 1711)
  • December 29 – Johan Herman Wessel, Norwegian author (b. 1742)
  • date unknown – Faustina Pignatelli, Italian mathematician (b. 1705)

    • References

    1785 Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA