Year 1263 (MCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Northern and eastern Europe
July – Scottish–Norwegian War: Haakon IV of Norway sets sail to defend the Hebrides against Alexander III of Scotland.
October 2 – Battle of Largs: an inconclusive battle in the Scottish–Norwegian War fought in Scotland, between kings Haakon IV of Norway and Alexander III of Scotland.
Mindaugas, the only Christian king of Lithuania, is assassinated by his cousin Treniota.
The chieftains of the eastern part of Iceland become the last to pledge fealty to the King of Norway, bringing a more complete end to the Icelandic Commonwealth and the Age of the Sturlungs.
Hulagu Khan is defeated in an attempted invasion north of the Caucasus.
Based on Magdeburg Law, Żnin (Poland) is given city rights.
Mediterranean
May–July – Battle of Settepozzi: a Venetian fleet defeats a superior Genoese-Byzantine fleet.
King James I of Aragon conquers Crevillente, Spain from the Moors during the Reconquista.
Alfonso X of Castile conquers Niebla over Ibn Mahfuz, thus terminating any Muslim presence in the western part of the peninsula.
Genoa captures the city of Chania on Crete from the Venetians.
Arts and culture
The Savoy Palace is constructed in London by Peter II, Count of Savoy.
Balliol College, Oxford is founded by John I de Balliol.
Edward, heir to the throne of England, seizes £10,000 which had been deposited to the trust of the Knights Templar in London by foreign merchants and English magnates.
The Bonsignori firm gains the full market of the transfer of fiscal revenue from the papal estates to Rome.
Nahmanides, chief rabbi of Catalonia, defends the Talmud in an important disputation against Pablo Christiani before King James I of Aragon.
The doctrines of theologian Joachim of Fiore are condemned as heresy by the Roman Catholic Church at a synod in Arles.
January 22 – Ibn Taymiyyah, Syrian philosopher and jurist (d. 1328)
Theobald II, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1312)
March – Manuel I Megas Komnenos, Emperor of Trebizond
March 19 – Hugh of Saint-Cher, French cardinal
November 14 – Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Novgorod and Vladimir
December 16 – King Haakon IV of Norway (b. 1204)
December 24 – Hōjō Tokiyori, regent of Japan (b. 1227)
date unknown
Boniface, Count of Savoy
Boroldai, general of the Golden Horde
Hamo de Crevequer, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
King Mindaugas of Lithuania
1263 Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA
