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1070s

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1070s

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1070

  • Winter of 1069–1070 – Harrying of the North: William I of England quells rebellions in the north of England, following an invasion by Sweyn II of Denmark. Widespread famine follows the devastation wrought.
  • Spring – King Sweyn II of Denmark joins English rebels, led by Hereward the Wake, and captures the Isle of Ely, in The Fens of eastern England.
  • April 11 – Archbishop of Canterbury Stigand is deposed.
  • June 1 – Hereward plunders Peterborough Abbey, in eastern England.
  • June – Denmark signs a treaty with England; Sweyn and his forces leave the country.
  • August 15 – The Pavian-born Benedictine Lanfranc is appointed as the new Archbishop of Canterbury in England.
  • An invasion of England by Malcolm III of Scotland is repelled.
  • Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester, the first Marcher Lord, invades Wales, capturing parts of Gwynedd.
  • A successful Byzantine counter-attack drives the Seljuq Turks across the Euphrates.
  • Bergen is founded by King Olaf III of Norway; it will function as the main city and capital of Norway, until it is replaced by Oslo in 1314.
  • Chinese Chancellor Wang Anshi starts the Xining Reforms (which last until 1085).
  • Jews from Rouen in Normandy settle in England, at the invitation of King William I.
  • The Temple of Literature, Hanoi, is established in the capital of Vietnam.
  • Uyghur poet Yusuf Khass Hajib of Balasagun, in the Kara-Khanid Khanate, completes the Kutadgu Bilig ("The Wisdom Which Brings Good Fortune"), and presents it to the prince of Kashgar.
  • Song dynasty Chinese astronomer, engineer, and statesman Su Song completes the compilation of the Ben Cao Tu Jing, a pharmaceutical treatise with related subjects of botany, zoology, mineralogy, and metallurgy.
  • Canterbury Cathedral in England is rebuilt, following a fire.
  • The rebuilding of York Minster in England begins.
  • Construction of Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire, England, by Alan Rufus begins.
  • Approximate date – Halsten Stenkilsson is deposed as king of Sweden, with Håkan the Red becoming king in Götaland, and Anund Gårdske being chosen as king of Svealand.

    • 1071

  • February 22 – Battle of Cassel: Robert the Frisian (son of Baldwin V) defeats his sister-in-law Richilde (widow of Baldwin VI) and her nephew Arnulf III in a succession struggle for the County of Flanders and is appointed count by King Philip.
  • March – Zaynab an-Nafzawiyyah marry Yusuf ibn Tashfin, leader of the Almoravids, and becomes his queen and co-regent.
  • April 15 – The Siege of Bari ends when Bari, the capital and last Byzantine-controlled city in the Catepanate of Italy, is captured by Italo-Norman forces under Robert Guiscard.
  • August 26 – Battle of Manzikert: The Byzantine Empire loses to an army of Seljuq Turks led by Alp Arslan. Byzantine civil war resulted in Turkish conquest of Anatolia.
  • William I of England defeats Hereward the Wake's rebellion on the Isle of Ely.
  • Edwin, Earl of Mercia, rebels against William I of England but is betrayed and killed, leading to the re-distribution of land within Mercia to William's subjects.

    • By place

    Europe
  • January 10 – The Normans conquer Palermo in Sicily.
  • May 27 – The Accord of Winchester establishes the primacy of the Archbishop of Canterbury over the Archbishop of York in the Church of England.
  • June 29 – Romanos IV Diogenes, deposed ruler of the Byzantine Empire, is blinded and sent into exile at the Monastery of the Transfiguration, Kinaliada.
  • William I of England invades Scotland, and also receives the submission of Hereward the Wake.
  • Osbern FitzOsbern becomes Bishop of Exeter.
  • Dunfermline Abbey is founded – later to become the burial place of several Kings of Scots, including Robert the Bruce. The associated royal palace will be the birth place of King Charles I.
  • Alfonso VI becomes king of Leon and Castile following the assassination of his brother Sancho.
  • Divan'ı Lügat'ı Türk. An informative book written by Kaşgarlı Mahmut of Karakhanids to be presented to Caliph, about Turks.
    • Asia
  • The Song dynasty Chinese polymath scientist and statesman Shen Kuo is appointed as the head official for the Bureau of Astronomy, where he begins his groundbreaking work with the colleague Wei Pu on accurately plotting the orbital paths of the stars, planets, and moon three times a night for a continuum of five years.
  • Shen Kuo is sent to supervise Chancellor Wang Anshi's program of surveying the building of silt deposits in the Bian Canal outside the capital city of Kaifeng. Using an original technique, Shen successfully dredges the canal and demonstrates the formidable value of the silt gathered as a fertilizer.

    • By area

    Asia
  • Emperor Shirakawa ascends to the throne of Japan.
  • Chancellor Wang Anshi of Song dynasty China creates a new bureau of the central government called the Directorate of Weapons, which supervises the manufacture of military armaments and ensures quality control.
  • The Seljuq Turks conquer Ankara.
    • Europe
  • Sviatoslav II begins his reign as ruler of Kievan Rus.
  • Renewal of the treaty between the Christian king of Navarre, Sancho IV, and the Muslim ruler of the taifa of Zaragoza, al-Muqtadir.
  • Ebles II of Roucy leads a Frankish troop in Spain to support the king of Aragon in his struggle against his southern Muslim neighbors.

    • By topic

    Arts and culture
  • Rabbi Yitchaki Alfassi finishes writing the Rif, an important work of Jewish law.
    • Religion
  • April 22 – Pope Gregory VII (Cardinal Hildebrand) succeeds Pope Alexander II as the 157th pope.
  • John IX bar Shushan ends his term as Syrian Patriarch of Antioch.

    • 1074

  • February 7 – Prince Pandulf IV of Benevento is killed while fighting the encroaching Normans in the Battle of Montesarchio.
  • November 25 – Magreb unites the Tengizi Islands, and becomes the first king of the Kingdom of Tengiz.
  • The Liao dynasty emperor rejects a proposal for all Khitan people to adopt surnames.

    • 1075

  • February – Pope Gregory VII holds a council that publishes a decree against lay investiture.
  • April – Pope Gregory VII publishes the Dictatus papae (Sayings of the Pope, aka the Dictates of Hildebrand), in which he asserts papal authority over earthly as well as spiritual rulers.
  • Revolt of the Earls: Three earls rebel against William I of England (William the Conqueror), in the last serious act of resistance to the Norman Conquest.
  • First Battle of Langensalza: Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats the Saxon nobles and subjugates Saxony.
  • The Liao dynasty version of the Buddhist Tripiṭaka is completed (approximate date).
  • Anund Gårdske is deposed as king of Svealand and king Håkan the Red of Götaland proclaims himself king of all Sweden.
  • The Seljuq Turks take Jerusalem from the Fatimids.
  • Lý dynasty forces under Lý Thường Kiệt defend Vietnam against invasion by Song dynasty China.
  • The Song dynasty Chinese polymath scientist and statesman Shen Kuo solves a heated border dispute with the Liao dynasty by dredging up old diplomatic records; he refutes Emperor Daozong of Liao's bluffs point for point during a meeting at Mt. Yongan (near modern Pingquan in Hebei), and reestablishes the Song's rightful borders.

    • 1076

  • January – The German bishops who have been invested by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor withdraw their allegiance from Pope Gregory VII.
  • February 14 – Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
  • October 8 – Demetrius Zvonimir is crowned as King of Croatia in Solin (near Split) by a representative of Pope Gregory VII.
  • November 1 – In England a frost begins that lasts until April 1077.
  • December 25 – Polish King Bolesław II the Bold (Polish: Bolesław Śmiały) is crowned in Gniezno.
  • Anselm of Canterbury completes Monologion.
  • The Almoravids capture the Ghanaian capital of Kumbi.
  • Count Dirk V reconquers most of West Frisia (historical) from the bishop of Utrecht.
  • The Trial of Penenden Heath is thought to have been held, with an important ruling regarding land rights subsequent to the Norman Conquest of England.
  • Dmitar Zvonimir of Croatia donated the town of Vrana and Benedictine monastery of St. Gregory, as a sign of loyalty to Pope Gregory VII.
  • Vikramaditya VI deposes his older brother Someshvara II, and becomes king of the Western Chalukya.
  • Lý dynasty Vietnamese troops hold invading Song Dynasty Chinese forces at the Battle of Như Nguyệt River and a truce is concluded.

    • By area

    Africa
  • The Almoravids complete the conquest of the Ghana Empire, and reach Spain.
    • Asia
  • The Seljuk Turks capture Nicaea.
  • Suleyman I of Rûm becomes the leader of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm in modern Turkey.
  • Anushtegin Gharchai becomes, as a Seljuk vassal, leader of the Khwarezmid Empire.
    • Europe
  • January 26 – Walk to Canossa: Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, visits Pope Gregory VII as a penitent, asking him to remove sentence of excommunication.
  • January 28 – The excommunication of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor is lifted.
  • April 3
  • The first Parliament of Friuli is created.
  • Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor grants the county of Friuli, with ducal status, to Sigaerd, Patriarch of Aquileia.
  • Robert Curthose instigates his first insurrection against his father, William the Conqueror, in Normandy.
  • The kingdom of Duklja is founded.
  • The first recorded Trial by combat is held in England.
  • Vsevolod of Kiev becomes the prince of Kievan Rus'.
  • Alfonso VI of Castile conquers Coria.
  • Pope Gregory VII places the island of Corsica under the secular rule of the archbishop of Pisa.
  • Hugh of Burgundy supports the king of Aragon in his conquest of the castle of Muñones from the emir of Zaragossa.

    • By topic

    Arts
  • The Bayeux Tapestry is made.
    • Religion
  • The first English Cluniac Benedictine priory is established, at Lewes.
  • Paul of Caen is installed as Abbot of St Albans in England; the building of St Albans Abbey Church commences.
  • Pope Christodolos of Alexandria ends his reign as Coptic Pope.
  • Dionysius V Lazaros becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch.

    • By place

    Europe
  • July 11 – Romanesque tympanum of Santiago de Compostela Cathedral in Galicia (Spain) is constructed.
  • August 7 – Battle of Mellrichstadt was fought between Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV and the German anti-king Rudolf of Swabia.
  • Anselm is elected abbot of Bec Abbey in Normandy.
  • Approximate date – The White Tower of the Tower of London is begun under the direction of Bishop Gundulf of Rochester.
    • Asia
  • At the Battle of Kalavrye, the Byzantine imperial forces of general Alexios I Komnenos are victorious over the rebellious governor of Dyrrhachium, Nikephoros Bryennios the Elder.
  • Philaretos Brachamios abandons his claim to the Byzantine empire on being appointed duke of Antioch, a foundation of the later Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.
  • By this year, the iron industry in Song dynasty China is producing a total weight of 127,000,000 kg (125,000 t) of iron product per year.
    • Africa
  • The Almoravid emir, Yusuf ibn Tashfin besieges Ceuta. Since the city can receive help from the sea, the siege will last until 1083.

    • 1079

  • April 11 – Murder of Stanislaus of Szczepanów (Pol. Stanisław ze Szczepanowa), Bishop of Kraków, personally by Bolesław II the Bold, King of Poland, who flees the country, leaving his brother Władysław I Herman to succeed him.
  • Persian astronomer Omar Khayyám computes the length of the year to be exactly 365.24219858156 days, the most accurate calculation of his time. Khayyam also, in Treatise on Demonstrations of Problems in Algebra, produces a complete classification of cubic equations and their geometric solutions.
  • Upon the death of Håkan the Red, Halsten returns as king of Sweden, jointly with his brother Inge the Elder.
  • William I of England establishes the New Forest.
  • Constance of Burgundy founds a monastery in Burgos.

    • Significant people

    Omar Khayyam

    Contents

    William the Conqueror

    Al-Qa'im

    Alp Arslan Seljuk sultan

    Malik-Shah I Seljuk sultan

    Births

    1070

    Allucio of Campugliano, Italian diplomat (d. 1134)

    Bertrade de Montfort, queen of France (d. 1117)

    Buthaina bint al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad, Al-Andalus poet

    Coloman (the Learned), king of Hungary (d. 1116)

    Eupraxia of Kiev, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1109)

    Gertrude of Flanders, duchess of Lorraine (d. 1117)

    Giso IV, count of Gudensberg (approximate date)

    Gualfardo of Verona, Italian trader and hermit (d. 1127)

    Guerric of Igny, French abbot (approximate date)

    Henry I (the Elder), German nobleman (d. 1103)

    Hugues de Payens, French knight (approximate date)

    John Komnenos, Byzantine aristocrat and official

    Lothair Udo III, margrave of the Nordmark (d. 1106)

    Meinhard I, German nobleman (approximate date)

    Otto (the Rich), German nobleman (approximate date)

    Ralph of Pont-Echanfray, Norman knight (d. 1120)

    Ramiro Sánchez, Spanish nobleman (approximate date)

    Ranulf le Meschin, 3rd Earl of Chester (d. 1129)

    Rostislav Vsevolodovich, Kievan prince (d. 1093)

    Sancho Nunes de Barbosa, Portuguese nobleman (d. 1130)

    Tescelin le Roux, Burgundian knight (approximate date)

    Thurstan, archbishop of York (approximate date)

    William de Corbeil, archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1136)

    William of Champeaux, French philosopher (d. 1121)

    1071

    October 22 – William IX ("the Troubador"), duke of Aquitaine (d. 1127)

    Ibn al-Qalanisi, Arab politician and chronicler (d. 1160)

    1072

    Agnes of Aquitaine, queen of Aragon and Navarre (d. 1097)

    Agnes of Waiblingen, daughter of Henry IV (or 1073)

    Welf II (or Welfhard), duke of Bavaria (d. 1120)

    Wulfhilde of Saxony, German noblewoman (d. 1126)

    1073

    David IV ("the Builder"), king of Georgia (d. 1125)

    Leopold III ("the Good"), margrave of Austria (d. 1136)

    Magnus Barefoot, king of Norway (d. 1103)

    Meng, Chinese empress consort of the Song dynasty (d. 1131)

    Shaykh Tabarsi, Persian Shia scholar (d. 1153)

    Thomas of Marle, lord of Coucy (d. 1130)

    Approximate date

    Agnes of Waiblingen, daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1143)

    Alfonso the Battler, king of Aragon (d. 1134)

    Al-Tighnari, Moorish botanist and physician (d. 1118)

    Anastatius IV, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1154)

    Philippa, Countess of Toulouse, French noblewoman (d. 1118)

    Zbigniew, duke of Poland (d. 1113?)

    Lady Six Monkey, queen of the Mixtec city State of Huachino and queen of Jaltepec (d. 1101)

    1074

    February 12 – Conrad II of Italy, king of Germany (d. 1101)[30]

    April – Abu Mansur Mauhub al-Jawaliqi, Arab philologist (d. 1144)

    September 16 – Al-Musta'li, Fatimid caliph (d. 1101)

    Ibn al-Tilmidh, Syriac physician and poet (d. 1165)

    Approximate date

    Edgar ("the Valliant"), king of Scotland (d. 1107)

    Hugh I, count of Champagne

    Maud, Countess of Huntingdon, queen consort of Scotland (d. 1130)

    1075

    March 18 – Al-Zamakhshari, Persian philosopher (d. 1144)

    April 16 – Orderic Vitalis, English Benedictine chronicler[31]

    June 5 – Tianzuo (Yanning), last emperor of the Liao dynasty

    November 25 – Taizong, emperor of the Jin dynasty (d. 1135)

    Adelaide del Vasto, countess and regent of Sicily (d. 1118)

    Bertha, queen of Aragon and Navarre (approximate date)

    Conrad I, archbishop of Salzburg (approximate date)

    Frederick I, archbishop of Cologne (approximate date)

    Gerald de Windsor, English nobleman (approximate date) (d. 1135)

    Kim Bu-sik, Korean statesman and general (d. 1151)

    Gisela of Burgundy, Marchioness of Montferrat, French noblewoman (d. 1135)

    Henry IX "the Black", duke of Bavaria (d. 1126)

    Jaya Pala, Indian king of Kamarupa (d. 1100)

    Jinadattasuri, Indian Jain poet and writer (d. 1154)

    Lothair III (or II) of Supplinburg, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1137)[32]

    Nicholas the Pilgrim, Italian shepherd and saint (d. 1094)

    Norbert of Xanten, archbishop of Magdeburg (d. 1134)

    Raymond Pilet d'Alès, French nobleman (d. 1120)

    Soběslav I (Sobeslaus), duke of Bohemia (d. 1140)

    Svatopluk "the Lion" of Olomouc, duke of Bohemia (d. 1109)

    Tancred, Italo-Norman leader of the First Crusade (d. 1112)

    1076

    June 1 – Mstislav I "the Great"), Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1132)

    Fujiwara no Sadazane, Japanese calligrapher (d. 1120)

    Urban (or Gwrgan), bishop of Llandaff (d. 1134)

    Approximate date

    Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi, Moorish scholar and judge (d. 1148)

    Hualani, Hawaiian queen and regent

    1077

    January 7 – Zhezong, Chinese emperor of the Song dynasty (d. 1100)

    Joseph ibn Migash, Spanish scholar and rabbi (d. 1141)

    Ye Mengde, Chinese scholar, minister and poet (d. 1148)

    approximate date – Alexios Komnenos, Byzantine aristocrat and governor

    1078

    March 17 – Abdul Qadir Gilani, Persian preacher (d. 1166)

    April/May – Al-Mustazhir, Abbasid caliph in Baghdad (d. 1118)

    Constance of France, princess of Antioch (d. 1125)

    Ermengol V, count of Urgell (Catalonia) (d. 1102)

    Fujiwara no Tadazane, Japanese nobleman (d. 1162)

    Ibn Quzman, Moorish poet and writer (d. 1160)

    Reishi, Japanese empress consort (d. 1144)

    Approximate date – Alexander I ("the Fierce"), king of Scotland (d. 1124)

    1079

    February 11 – Yejong, king of Goryeo (d. 1122)

    April – Urraca, queen regnant of León, Castile and Galicia (d. 1126)

    August 8 – Horikawa, emperor of Japan (d. 1107)

    Abū Ṭāhir al-Silafī, Fatimid scholar and writer (d. 1180)

    Berardo dei Marsi, Italian cardinal and bishop (d. 1130)

    Dangereuse de l'Isle Bouchard, French noblewoman (d. 1151)

    Gampopa, Tibetan Buddhist monk and teacher (d. 1153)

    Kilij Arslan I, sultan of the Sultanate of Rum (d. 1107)

    Liu, Chinese empress of the Song dynasty (d. 1113)

    Peter Abelard, French scholastic philosopher (d. 1142)

    Zheng, Chinese empress of the Song dynasty (d. 1131)

    Approximate date – Diepold III, margrave of Vohburg

    Deaths

    1070

    March 6 – Ulric I (or Oldaric), margrave of Carniola

    April 14 – Gerard (the Great), duke of Lorraine

    June 12 – Guido of Acqui (or Wido), Italian bishop

    July 6

    Godelieve, Flemish saint (approximate date)

    Said al-Andalusi, Taghlib Arab astronomer (b. 1029)

    July 17 – Baldwin VI (the Good), count of Flanders

    Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani, Persian physician and chronicler

    Athirajendra Chola, Indian ruler of the Chola Empire

    Áurea of San Millán, Spanish anchorite (b. 1043)

    Bisantius Guirdeliku, Italian nobleman (patrikios)

    Filarete of Calabria, Sicilian monk and saint

    Hārūn ibn Malik al-Turk, Turkic military leader

    Theobald of Dorat, French monk and saint (b. 990)

    Vigrahapala III, Indian ruler of the Pala Empire

    1071

    January 26 – Adelaide of Eilenburg, German noblewoman

    February 17 – Frozza Orseolo, German noblewoman (b. 1015)

    February 22 (killed at the Battle of Cassel):

    Arnulf III, count of Flanders (House of Flanders)

    William FitzOsbern, 1st Earl of Hereford

    April 17 – Manuel Komnenos, Byzantine aristocrat

    May 24 – Wulfhild of Norway, duchess of Saxony (b. 1020)

    August 22 – Lambert II Suła, archbishop of Kraków

    September 5 – Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Arab scholar (b. 1002)

    October 16 – Almodis de la Marche, French nobleman

    December 2 – Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, Moorish judge (b. 978)

    Domenico I Contarini, doge of Venice

    Durand de Bredons, French abbot and bishop

    Edwin (or Ēadwine), earl of Mercia

    Eleanor of Normandy, countess of Flanders (b. 1010)

    Fujiwara no Yorimichi, Japanese nobleman (b. 992)

    Geoffrey of Hauteville, Norman military leader

    Guido da Velate (or Guy), archbishop of Milan

    Henry II, count of Leuven (House of Reginar)

    Ibn Zaydún, Andalusian poet and writer (b. 1003)

    Isabella of Urgell, queen consort of Aragon

    Robert Crispin, Norman mercenary leader

    William Malet, Norman nobleman (approximate date)

    1072

    February 1 – Lý Thánh Tông, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1023)

    February 7 – Diarmait mac Máel na mBó, Irish king of Leinster

    February 22

    Peter Damian, cardinal-bishop of Ostia (or 1073)

    Stigand, Anglo-Saxon archbishop of Canterbury

    March 16 – Adalbert, archbishop of Hamburg

    March 28 – Ordulf (or Otto), duke of Saxony

    August 19 – Hawise, duchess of Brittany

    September 22 – Ouyang Xiu, Chinese historian and poet (b. 1007)

    October 7 – Sancho II, king of Castile and León

    October 15 – Æthelric, bishop of Durham

    November 13 – Adalbero III of Luxembourg, German nobleman

    November 24 – Bagrat IV, king of Georgia (b. 1018)

    December 15 – Alp Arslan, sultan of the Seljuk Empire (b. 1029)

    December 30 – Al-Qushayri, Persian Sufi scholar and theologian (b. 986)

    Honorius II, antipope of the Catholic Church

    Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin, Welsh prince

    Otloh of Sankt Emmeram, German monk (approximate date)

    Qatran Tabrizi, Persian poet and writer (b. 1009)

    Romanos IV Diogenes, ruler of the Byzantine Empire

    Serlo II of Hauteville (or Sarlo), Norman nobleman

    1073

    February 21 (approximate date) – Peter Damian, cardinal-bishop of Ostia (b. c. 1007)

    April 21 – Alexander II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1010/15)[34]

    June 15 – Go-Sanjō, emperor of Japan (b. 1032)

    June 30 – Badis ibn Habus, Berber king of the Taifa of Granada (b. 1002)

    July 12 – John Gualbert, Italian monk, abbot and saint (b. c. 985)

    December 20 – Dominic of Silos, Spanish abbot (b. 1000)

    Anthony of Kiev, Russian monk and saint (b. 983)

    Zhou Dunyi, Chinese philosopher and cosmologist (b. 1017)

    Approximate date – Barisone I of Torres, Sardinian ruler (judge) of Arborea

    1074

    February 7 – Pandulf IV of Benevento, Lombard prince

    April 25 – Herman I, margrave of Baden

    May 6 – Dúnán (or Donat(us)), 1st bishop of Dublin

    October 25 – Shōshi, empress of Japan (b. 988)

    Ibn al-Wafid, Andalusian pharmacologist

    Joseph Tarchaneiotes, Byzantine general

    Peter Krešimir IV, king of Croatia (or 1075)

    Ralph IV of Valois (or Raoul), French nobleman

    Wugunai, Chinese chieftain (b. 1021)

    Yang Wenguang, Chinese general

    1075

    March 29 – Ottokar I (or Otakar), German nobleman

    April 2 – Al-Qa'im, Abbasid caliph in Baghdad (b. 1001)

    April 15 – Erlembald Cotta, Italian military leader

    May 21 – Richeza (or Adelaide), Hungarian queen

    June 9 – Gebhard of Supplinburg, German nobleman

    June 10 – Ernest (the Brave), margrave of Austria (b. 1027)

    June 23 – Theodwin, prince-bishop of Liège

    August 2 – John VIII, patriarch of Constantinople

    August 27 – Minamoto no Yoriyoshi, Japanese nobleman (b. 988)

    November 6 – Fujiwara no Norimichi, Japanese nobleman (b. 996)

    December 4 – Anno II, archbishop of Cologne

    December 13 – Xiao Guanyin, Chinese empress (b. 1040)

    December 18 – Edith of Wessex, English queen

    Alī ibn Ahmad al-Nasawī, Persian mathematician

    Al-Mamun, Andalusian emir of the Taifa of Toledo

    Amhalgaidh mac Cathal, king of Maigh Seóla

    Anne of Kiev (or Agnes), French queen and regent

    Dedi I (or Dedo), margrave of the Saxon Ostmark

    Domnall mac Murchada, king of Leinster and Dublin

    Frederick II, German nobleman and overlord (b. 1005)

    Gofraid mac Amlaíb meic Ragnaill, king of Dublin

    Gundekar II (or Gunzo), bishop of Eichstätt (b. 1019)

    Ibn Butlan, Arab Nestorian Christian physician (b. 1038)

    Ibn Hayyan, Moorish historian and writer (b. 987)

    John Xiphilinus, Byzantine historian (approximate date)

    Peter Krešimir IV (the Great), king of Croatia (or 1074)

    Rashid al-Dawla Mahmud, Mirdasid emir of Aleppo

    Siward (or Sigweard), bishop of Rochester

    1076

    February 26 or 27 – Godfrey the Hunchback, duke of Lower Lorraine

    March 18 – Ermengarde of Anjou, duchess of Burgundy

    March 21 – Robert I ("the Old"), duke of Burgundy (b. 1011)

    April 18 – Beatrice of Bar, French duchess and regent

    April 28 – Sweyn II Estridsson, king of Denmark

    May 8 – Nasr ibn Mahmud, Mirdasid emir of Aleppo

    May 26 – Ramon Berenguer I, count of Barcelona (b. 1023)

    May 31 – Waltheof, earl of Northumbria (executed)

    June 4 – Sancho IV, king of Pamplona (or Navarre)

    July 15 – Arnost (or Arnošt), bishop of Rochester

    Ramihrdus of Cambrai, French heretic priest and martyr (or 1077)

    William Busac, French nobleman (jure uxoris) (b. 1020)

    1077

    April 11 – Anawrahta, founder of the Pagan Empire (b. 1014)

    April 25 – Géza I ("Magnus"), king of Hungary

    October 14 – Andronikos Doukas, Byzantine nobleman

    November 27 – Landulf VI, prince of Benevento

    December 14 – Agnes of Poitou, Holy Roman Empress

    December 21 – Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi, Persian historian (b. 995)

    December 27 – Sviatoslav II, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1027)

    date unknown

    Eleanor of Normandy, countess of Flanders (b. 1010)

    Minamoto no Takakuni, Japanese nobleman (b. 1004)

    Roussel de Bailleul, Norman warrior and military leader

    Shao Yong, Chinese philosopher and cosmologist (b. 1011)

    Zhang Zai, Chinese philosopher and cosmologist (b. 1020)

    1078

    January – Immilla of Turin, Italian noblewoman

    February 20 – Herman, bishop of Salisbury

    May 30 – Gleb Svyatoslavich, Kievan prince

    August 9 – Peter I, Italian nobleman

    August 26 – Herluin, founder of Bec Abbey

    October 3

    Boris Vyacheslavich, prince of Chernigov

    Iziaslav I, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1024)

    November 6 – Berthold II, duke of Carinthia

    November 11 – Udo, archbishop of Trier

    Andreas (or Andrew), archbishop of Bari, convert to Judaism

    Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi, Fatimid scholar (b. 1000)

    Nikephoritzes, Byzantine governor

    Rhys ab Owain, Welsh king of Deheubarth

    Richard I (Drengot), prince of Capua

    Tunka Manin, ruler of the Ghana Empire (b. 1010)

    Zeng Gongliang, Chinese scholar and writer (b. 998)

    Zhang Xian, Chinese poet and writer (b. 990)

    Approximate date – Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani, Persian scholar

    1079

    January 8 – Adela of France, countess of Flanders (b. 1009)

    February 22 – John of Fécamp, Italian-Norman abbot

    April 11 – Stanislaus of Szczepanów, Polish bishop (b. 1030)

    August 2 – Roman Svyatoslavich, Kievan prince

    August 5 – Hezilo (or Hettilo), bishop of Hildesheim

    October – Atsiz ibn Uwaq, Turkish emir of Damascus

    November 16 – Cao, empress of the Song dynasty (b. 1016)

    Adelaide of Savoy, duchess of Swabia (approximate date)

    Aedh Ua Flaithbheartaigh, king of Iar Connacht

    Al-Jayyānī, Arab scholar and mathematician (b. 989)

    Cellach húa Rúanada, Irish chief ollam and poet

    Håkan the Red, king of Sweden (approximate date)

    Íñigo López, Spanish nobleman (approximate date)

    John of Avranches, French archbishop and writer

    Odo of Rennes, duke and regent of Brittany (b. 999)

    Roger d'Ivry (or Perceval), Norman nobleman

    Wen Tong, Chinese painter and calligrapher (b. 1019)

    References

    1070s Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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