AMO ZiL, (Russian "Zavod imeni Likhachova"), or the Moscow Joint-Stock Company "Likhachov Plant", and more commonly called ZiL (Russian: Завод имени Лихачёва (ЗиЛ)—Likhachov Plant, literally "Plant named for Likhachov") was a major Russian automobile, truck, military vehicle, and heavy equipment manufacturer based in the city of Moscow, Russia. The company still exists but no longer manufactures vehicles.
ZiL has also produced armored cars for most Soviet leaders, as well as buses, armored fighting vehicles, and aerosani. The company also produced hand-built limousines and high-end luxury sedans (автомобиль представительского класса, also translated as "luxury vehicle") in extremely low quantities, primarily for the former Soviet and current Russian government officials. ZiL passenger cars are priced at the equivalent of models by Maybach and Rolls-Royce, but are largely unknown outside the Commonwealth of Independent States, and production now rarely exceeds a dozen cars per year.
The factory was founded in 1916 as Avtomobilnoe Moskovskoe Obshchestvo (AMO, Russian Автомобильное Московское Общество (АМО)—Moscow Automotive Society). The plans were to produce Fiat F-15 1.5 tonne trucks under licence. Because of the October Revolution and the subsequent Russian Civil War it took until 1 November 1924 to produce the first vehicle, the AMO-F-15. In 1931 the factory was re-equipped and expanded with the help of the American A.J. Brandt Co., and changed its name to Automotive Factory No. 2 Zavod Imeni Stalina (ZIS or ZiS). After Nikita Khrushchev denounced the cult of personality of Joseph Stalin in 1956, the name was changed again to Zavod imeni Likhachova, after its former director Ivan Alekseevich Likhachov.
ZiL lanes—road lanes dedicated to vehicles carrying top Soviet officials—were named after the car.
Zil has a history of exporting trucks to Cuba, a business resumed in the early 21st century.
Automobile production continues thru MSC 6 (assembly shop for representative limousines)which, in 2013, became the independent company "MSTS6 ZIL". MSTS 6 rents space from AMO-ZiL and continues to carry out repair and restoration of ZiL passenger cars and assembles new ZIL-4112R limousines. The company took part in the Moscow International Motor Show 2016.
Moscow administration has stopped truck production and the company will be liquidated.
BAZ—Bryansky Avtomobilny Zavod produces off-road tractors and chassis with carrying capacity from 14 to 40 tonnes.In June 1942, the VMS was awarded the first Order of Lenin for the excellent organization of the production of ammunition and weapons.In October 1944, the plant was awarded the Order of Red Banner of Labor .In November 1949, a second plant was awarded the Order of Lenin for merits in development of the Soviet autostructure and in connection with the 25th anniversary of the Soviet car.In 1971 the plant was awarded the Order of Lenin for the third successful implementation of the Eighth Five-Year Plan.In 1975 the plant was awarded the Order of the October Revolution for the successful completion of works on creation of capacities up to 200 thousand cars per year issuance.Executive cars and limousines
ZIS-101 (1935)ZIS-102 (1938, convertible version of ZIS-101)ZIS-110 (1941)ZIS-115 (armoured version of ZIS-110)ZIL-MZ (prototype sub-compact convertible, 1962)ZIL-111 (1957)ZIL-111G (1962)ZIL-114 (1965)ZIL-115 (1972)ZIL-117 (1969, shortened ZIL-114)ZIL-4102 (prototype, 1988)ZIL-4104 (1978)ZIL-4105 (1988, armoured version of ZIL-41047)ZIL-41041 (1985, five-seat version of ZIL-41047)ZIL-41042 (station wagon version of ZIL-4104)ZIL-41044 (convertible version of ZIL-4104)ZIL-41045 (1983, upgraded ZIL-4104)ZIL-41047 (1985)ZIL-41072 (1988, escort version of ZIL-41047)ZIL-4112R (2012)ru:АМО-Ф-15 (1924, produced in agreement with Fiat, based on the Fiat F-15 ter)ru:АМО-2 (1930)AMO-3 (1931)AMO-7 (1932, prototype tractor-trailer based on AMO-3)ZIS-5, ZIS-6 (1930)ZIS-10 (1934, tractor-trailer version of ZIS-5)ZIS-11 (1934, extra long wheelbase version of ZIS-5)ZIS-12 (1934, long wheelbase version of ZIS-5)ZIS-13 (1936, gas generator version of ZIS-5)ZIS-14 (1934, long wheelbase version of ZIS-5)ZIS-15 (prototype replacement for ZIS-5, 1938)ZIS-21 (1939-1941, based on ZIS-5 but powered by wood gas)ZIS-22 (Halftrack, 1939-1941, based on the ZIS-5)ZIS-23 (three axle prototype based on the ZIS-15)ZIS-24 (four-wheel-drive prototype based on the ZIS-15)ZIS-30 (1940, multifuel version of ZIS-5)ZIS-32 (1941, 4x4 version of the ZIS-5)ZIS-33 (1940, halftrack, based on the ZIS-5)ZIS-36 (1944, prototype 6x6 version of ZIS-5)ZIS-41 (1940, simplified version of ZIS-21)ZIS-42 (Halftrack, 1942-1944, based on the ZIS-5)ZIS-43 (1944, armed version of ZIS-42)ZIS-50 (1946, re-engined ZIS-5)ZIS-120N (1956, tractor-trailer version of ZIS-150)ZIS-121 (tractor-trailer version of ZIS-151)ZIS-128 (1954, prototype for ZIL-131)ZIS-E134 (1955, prototype off road vehicle)ZIS-150 (1947)ZIS-151 (1948, three-axle version of ZIS-150)ZIS-153 (1952?, prototype halftrack based on ZIS-151)ZIS-156 (1947, gas generator version of ZIS-150)ZIS-253 (prototype)ZIS-585 (1949, dump-truck version of ZIS-150)ZIL-130 (1962, production moved to Ural Automobiles and Motors in 1994)ZIL-131 (1966, production later moved to Ural Automobiles and Motors)ZIL-132 (1960, prototype off road vehicle)ZIL-133 (1975, three-axle version of ZIL-130)ZIL-134 (1957, prototype off road vehicle)ZIL-135 (1959, prototype off road vehicle) - later built by BAZZIL-136 (1957, prototype off road vehicle)ZIL-137 (1970, prototype off road tractor-trailer based on ZIL-131) - built by BAZZIL-138 (1975, LPG powered version of ZIL-130)ZIL-157 (1958)ZIL-157R (1957, prototype off road vehicle based on ZIL-157)ZIL-164 (1957, improved ZIS-150)ZIL-164N (1957, tractor trailer version of ZIL-164)ZIL-165 (1958, prototype for ZIL-131)ZIL-166 (1957, gas generator version of ZIL-164)ZIL-E-167 (1962?)ZIL-169G (prototype for ZIL-4331)ZIL-E169A (1964, prototype cab-over truck)ZIL-170 (1969, prototype for KAMAZ-5320)ZIL-175 (1969, two-axle version of ZIL-170, prototype for Kamaz)ZIL-485 (amphibious vehicle based on ZIS-151)ZIL-553 (cement mixer based on ZIL-164)ZIL-555 (1964, dump truck based on ZIL-130)ZIL-585 (1957, dump truck based on ZIL-164)ZIL-2502 (dump truck based on ZIL-5301)ZIL-3302 (1992, prototype truck based on ZIL-119)ZIL-3906ZIL-4305 (1983, prototype truck based on ZIL-4104)ZIL-4327 (2004?)ZIL-4331 (1986)ZIL-4334 (2004)ZIL-4514 (dump truck based on ZIL-133)ZIL-4972ZIL-5301 "Bychok" ("Little Bull") (1996)ZIL-5901 (1970)ZIL-6404 (1996)ZIL-6309 (1999)ZIL-6409 (1999)ZIL-432720ZIL-432930 (2003)ZIL-433180 (2003)ZIL-436200 (2009)AKZ-1 (1947-1948, based on ZIS-150 truck)AMO-4 (1932-1934, based on the AMO-3)ZIS-lux (prototype, based on the ZIS-6, 1934)ZIS-8 (1934-1938, based on the ZIS-11)ZIS-16 (1938-1942, based on the ZIS-5)ZIS-17 (prototype, based on the ZIS-15, 1939)ZIS-44 (based on the ZIS-5)ZIS-127 (1955-1961)ZIL-129 (short-range version of ZIS-127)ZIS-154 (1946–1950)ZIS-155 (1949–1957)ZIL-118 "Yunost" (1962-1970, based on ZIL-111)ZIL-119 (1971-1994, based on ZIL-118; also called ZIL-118K)ZIL-158 (1957-1959, based on ZIL-164)ZIL-159 (1959, prototype for LiAZ)ZIL-3207 (1991-1999, based on ZIL-41047)ZIL-3250 (1994–present, based on ZIL-5301)Sport and racing cars
ZIS-101 Sport (1939)ZIS-112/1 (1951, based on ZIS-110)ZIS-112/2 (1956)ZIS-112/3 (1956)ZIL-112/4 (1957)ZIL-112/5 (1957, lengthened ZIL-112/4)ZIL-112 Sports (1961)ZIL-412 S (1962)B-3 half-tracked transporterZIS-152 armored personnel carrierPES-1 amphibious vehicle (1966)ZIL-PKU-1 pneumatic tracked off-road vehicle (1965)ZIL-SHN-1 Amphibious Screw Vehicle (1968)ZIL-29061 Amphibious Screw VehicleZIL-4904 Amphibious Screw VehicleZIL-49042 prototype for "Bluebird" (1973)ZIL-4906 (1975?) "Bluebird" 6-wheeled amphibious vehicle, designed to carry the ZIL-2906. Used for the recovery of Soyuz capsules.ZIL-49061 (1975?) Amphibious rescue vehicle, passenger version of the ZIL-4906. Used for the recovery of Soyuz crews.
