Yuman–Cochimí languages

Updated on Feb 03, 2024

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Linguistic classification Hokan ? Yuman–Cochimí		Glottolog coch1271

Geographic distribution Colorado River basin and Baja California Subdivisions Cochimí Kiliwa Delta–California River Pai

The Yuman–Cochimí languages are a family of languages spoken in Baja California, northern Sonora, southern California, and western Arizona.

Genetic relations

There are approximately a dozen Yuman languages. The extinct Cochimí, attested from the 18th century, was identified after the rest of the family had been established, and was found to be more divergent. The resulting family was therefore called Yuman–Cochimí, with Yuman being the extra-Cochimí languages.

Cochimí (†) (Northern Cochimí and Southern Cochimí may have been distinct languages)

Kiliwa

Core Yuman ?

Delta–California Yuman

Ipai (a.k.a. 'Iipay, Northern Diegueño)

Kumeyaay (a.k.a. Southern Diegueño, Campo, Kamia)

Tipai (a.k.a. Southern Diegueño, Huerteño, Ku'ahl)

Cocopah (a.k.a. Cucapá; cf. Kahwan, Halyikwamai)

River Yuman

Quechan (a.k.a. Yuma)

Maricopa (a.k.a. Pii-Paash; cf. also Halchidhoma)

Mojave

Pai

Yavapai

Upland Yuman (a.k.a. Northern Yuman)

Hualapai dialect (a.k.a. Walapai)

Havasupai dialect

Paipai (a.k.a. Akwa'ala; possibly distinct from the Upland Yuman language only at the dialect level)

Cochimí is now extinct. Cucapá is the Spanish name for the Cocopa. Diegueño is the Spanish name for Ipai–Kumeyaay–Tipai, now often referred to collectively as Kumeyaay. Upland Yuman consists of several mutually intelligible dialects spoken by the politically distinct Yavapai, Hualapai, and Havasupai.

References

Yuman–Cochimí languages Wikipedia

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