The Yugoslav Water Polo Championship was the premier league competition for men's water polo clubs in Yugoslavia. Originally established in 1921 in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, it ran for almost 20 years before being suspended due to the Second World War and the Invasion of Yugoslavia.
In 1945 it was re-established as the top water polo club competition in the communist SFR Yugoslavia. It ran until 1991 and was dissolved following the breakup of Yugoslavia and the outbreak of the Yugoslav Wars.
Jug was the most successful club in the interwar period, winning 14 titles between 1925 and 1940. In the post-war period, Belgrade-based Partizan won 17 titles, followed by Jug with eight, Jadran Split with seven and Mladost with six.
Partizan and Mladost also had success in European competitions, with each winning the LEN Champions League seven times. Jug, KPK Korčula, Mornar and POŠK had also won LEN competitions.