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Yevpatoria

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Region
  
Eupatoria municipality

Time zone
  
MSK (UTC+3)

Area
  
65 km²

Republic
  
Republic of Crimea

Area code(s)
  
+7-36569

Elevation
  
10 m (30 ft)

Website
  
www.kalamit.info

Population
  
104,289 (2013)

Postal code
  
97400 — 97490

Climate
  
Cfa

Yevpatoria ukrainetrekcomimagesevpatoriaukrainecityview

Country
  
Claimed by: Disputed:  Ukraine (de jure)  Russia (de facto)

Weather
  
7°C, Wind NW at 16 km/h, 85% Humidity

Points of interest
  
U Lukomorya, Yevpatoria Dolphinarium, Malyy Ierusalim, Juma‑Jami Mosque - Yevpatoria, Tropikpark

Yevpatoria or Eupatoria is a city of regional significance in Crimea, a territory disputed between Ukraine (as the Autonomous Republic of Crimea) and Russia (as the Republic of Crimea) after Russia annexed Crimea in March 2014. Eupatoria serves as the administrative center of Eupatoria municipality, one of the districts (raions) into which Crimea is divided. Population: 105,719 (2014 Census).

Contents

Map of Yevpatoriya

History

The first recorded settlement in the area, called Kerkinitis (Κερκινίτις), was built by Greek colonists around 500 BC. Along with the rest of Crimea, Kerkinitis was part of the dominions of Mithridates VI, King of Pontus, from whose nickname, Eupator, the city's modern name derives.

From roughly the 7th through the 10th centuries AD, Eupatoriya was a Khazar settlement; its name in Khazar language was probably Güzliev (literally "beautiful house"). It was later subject to the Cumans (Kipchaks), the Mongols and the Crimean Khanate. During this period the city was called Kezlev by Crimean Tatars and Gözleve by Ottomans. The Russian medieval name Kozlov is a Russification of the Crimean Tatar name.

For a short period between 1478 and 1485, the city was administrated by the Ottoman Empire. Afterwards, it became an important urban center of the Crimean Khanate. In 1783, along with the rest of the Crimea, Kezlev was captured by the Russian Empire. Its name was officially changed to Evpatoriya in 1784. The name comes from the Greek Eupatoria (transliteration from Greek to Russian is Евпатория). In this writing the name of the city came in the French, German, Spanish and English languages at end of 18th сentury. Yevpatoriya - this writing the name of the city came in American English from Ukrainian name Євпаторія, at the second half of the 20th century.

The city was briefly occupied in 1854 by British, French and Turkish troops during the Crimean War, when it was the site of the Battle of Eupatoria. Adam Mickiewicz visited the town in 1825 and wrote one of his Crimean Sonnets here; it was later translated into Russian by Mikhail Lermontov.

The 400-year-old Juma Jami mosque is one of the many designed or built by the Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan. 35-metre minarets rose on the flanks of the building. The mosque was of great state significance. It was here that a ceremony of the declaration of rights of the Crimean Khans was held at their enthronement. Only after that they went to their capital, the city of Bakhchisarai.

After the referendum on 16 March 2014, Crimea became part of Russia. Eupatoriya became a residence of the spiritual ruler of the Karaites, the Gakham. In this connection here, a complex of two praying houses was built under the supervision of the Rabovich brothers, in which forms of the Renaissance and Muslim architecture entwined in a most unusual manner. The ensemble organically incorporates three courtyards. The entrance to it is marked by the gates, built in 1900, which look like a refined triumphal arch.

USSR

In 1930s it was a question about the medical profile resort of Eupatoria. Natural factors create excellent conditions for the treatment of osteo-articular tuberculosis and other children's diseases. In 1933, at a scientific conference in Yalta, it was agreed that among the Soviet resort towns Eupatoria, Odessa, Anapa, or one of the South Coast of Crimea - the most suitable for the organization of children's resort is Eupatoria. In Eupatoria perfect combination of climatic and balneological factors contributing to the healing of the most serious diseases of this time like tuberculosis. An additional positive factor is the lack of mosquitoes in Eupatoria, as on the southern coast of Crimea, or mosquitoes as in Anapa.

In 1936, the government decided to determine the place of construction of the All-Union children's resort in Eupatoria. In 1938, the approved plan of general reconstruction of the city. During World War II sanatoriums were used as military hospitals. By July 1, 1945 in Yevpatoria operated 14 sanatoriums, have taken 2885 people. By 1980s, in city operated 78 sanatoriums for 33 thousand people. About one million vacationers visited Eupatoria in summer time without the purpose of treatment.

Russia

Today Eupatoriya is a major Russian Black Sea port, a rail hub, and resort town. The population swells greatly during the summer months, with many residents of northern cities visiting for beach recreation. As such, local residents are heavily employed during summer months but are often underemployed during the winter. The main industries include fishing, food processing, wine making, limestone quarrying, weaving, and the manufacture of building materials, machinery, furniture manufacturing and tourism.

Eupatoriya has spas of mineral water, salt and mud lakes. These resorts belong to a vast area with curative facilities where the main health-improving factors are the sunshine and sea, air and sand, brine and mud of the salt lakes, as well as the mineral water of the hot springs. The population of the town is sure to have known about the curative qualities of the local mud that can be found here from time immemorial, which is witnessed by the manuscripts of Pliny the Elder, a Roman scholar (ca 80 BC).

On December 24, 2008 a blast destroyed a five story building in the town. 27 people were killed. President Viktor Yushchenko declared December 26 to be a day of national mourning.

Two beaches in Eupatoria have been Blue Flag beaches since May 2010, these were the first beaches (with two beaches in Yalta) to be awarded a Blue Flag in a CIS memberstate.

Demographics

Ethnic composition of Eupatoria in 2001 according to the Ukrainian census:

Climate

Eupatoria has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) under the Köppen climate classification with cool winters and warm to hot summers.

Area attractions

Famous attractions within or near Eupatoria are:

  • Juma-Jami Mosque
  • Eupatorian Kenassas
  • St. Nicholas' the Miracle Worker Cathedral
  • Tekie Dervishes
  • Famous people from Eupatoria

  • Lyudmila Alexeyeva — Soviet and Russian human rights activist
  • Simeon Ezravic Douvan — City Mayor and Duma Deputy 1905-1919
  • Maria Gorokhovskaya — Russian-born Soviet gymnast
  • Nikolaos Himonas (Nikolai Khimona) - painter of Greek descent
  • Zula Pogorzelska — Polish cabaret and film actress
  • Kseniya Simonova — Ukrainian sand animator and YouTube sensation
  • Sergei Sokolov — Russian-born Soviet Marshal
  • Ruslana Taran — Ukrainian sailor
  • Vitya Vronsky — Russian pianist
  • Names of asteroid number 6489 and number 24648

    Asteroid number 6489 has a name Golevka, which has a complicated origin. In 1995, Golevka was studied simultaneously by three radar observatories across the world: Goldstone in California, Eupatoria RT-70 radio telescope (Yevpatoriya is sometimes romanized as Evpatoria or Eupatoria (Russian origin)) and Kashima in Japan. 'Gol-Ev-Ka' comes from the first few letters of each observatory's name; it was proposed by the discoverer following a suggestion by Alexander L. Zaitsev.

    Asteroid 24648 Evpatoria was discovered 1985 Sept. 19 by Nikolai Chernykh and Lyudmila Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, and named in honor of Evpatoria (thus Yevpatoriya). The minor planet marked the occasion of the 2500th anniversary of the town in 2003.

    References

    Yevpatoria Wikipedia


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