Yang (simplified Chinese: 杨; traditional Chinese: 楊; pinyin: Yáng) is the transcription of a Chinese family name. It is the sixth most common surname in Mainland China.
The Yang surname members adopted many local sounding and customizable Western style or another language beside Mandarin Chinese last names with even neutralization name and changes rapidly through generations, but some still preserved Mandarin Chinese character name as secondary name beside the legal name, and appear a lot in some countries like Laos, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, etc. Some examples of it are Karen and another names at Thailand.
The Yang clan was founded by Boqiao, son of Duke Wu of Jin in the Springs and Autumns Period of the Ji (姬) surname, the surname of the royal family during the Zhou dynasty (c. 8th to 5th Centuries BC) who was enfeoffed in the Yang kingdom.
Yang can also be the phonetic translation of a very rare Chinese family name 羊 and of another surname pronounced Yang (揚), written with a "hand" radical rather than the "wood" radical. The two characters were used interchangeably in ancient times, which is the Chinese character for Goat or Sheep.
Four proposed and linked historical origins are:
- Direct descendants of Huang Di (Emperor) of Hua Xia include descendants of Yellow Emperor during Xia Dynasty, also many sons and grandsons of Yu the Great, have taken Yang as surname, some of its sub-domains are the prominent Yang Jian of Zhou which take role as a Heavenly Marshal take his colony to seek peace after Zhou Dynasty win and erected his colony peacefully. And also Yang Ren is known through the title of Grand Counselor. Which appear at Fengshen Yanyi or Investiture of the Gods, novel accordingly to the historical founding of Zhou Dynasty.
- The Yang clan was founded by Boqiao (later become Yang Boqiao, with Yang, as usual ducal courtesy name), son of Duke Wu of Jin in the Springs and Autumns Period of the Ji (姬) surname, the surname of the royal family during the Zhou dynasty (c. 8th to 5th centuries BC) who was enfeoffed a vast land, the Yang Kingdom, with its central in at ancient's Shaanxi.
- Yang Tang, the first historical ancestor of the Jeju's Yang clan was a Shilla figure, but according to another source, his distant ancestor was one of three men who ascended from a cave on the north side of Cheju Island’s Halla Mountain, Jeju’s Tamnagook kingdom who built the Yang Clan there.
- Yang Shi, senior advisor of Jin, During the Warring States period (403–221 BCE) his descendants fled to escape destruction by the conquering the Qin, and simplified their surname to Yang.
The Sui dynasty Emperors were from the northwest military aristocracy, and emphasized that their patrilineal ancestry was ethnic Han, claiming descent from the Han official Yang Zhen. and the New Book of Tang traced his patrilineal ancestry to the Zhou dynasty kings via the Dukes of Jin.
The Yang of Hongnong 弘農楊氏 were asserted as ancestors by the Sui Emperors like the Longxi Li's were asserted as ancestors of the Tang Emperors. The Li of Zhaojun and the Lu of Fanyang hailed from Shandong and were related to the Liu clan which was also linked to the Yang of Hongnong and other clans of Guanlong. The Dukes of Jin were claimed as the ancestors of the Hongnong Yang.
The Yang of Hongnong, Jia of Hedong, Xiang of Henei, and Wang of Taiyuan from the Tang dynasty were claimed as ancestors by Song dynasty lineages.
There were Dukedoms for the offspring of the royal families of the Zhou dynasty, Sui dynasty, and Tang dynasty in the Later Jin (Five Dynasties).
Yang is most often the transliteration of the character 楊 (in simplified Chinese: 杨). The same character can also mean a type of poplar. The character is composed of a "wood" radical mu (木) on the left and the character yi/yang (昜) on the right, which indicates the pronunciation of the whole character.
Yang can also be the phonetic translation of other Chinese surnames. These include 阳, the Chinese character for "sun"; the very rare Chinese family name 羊, the Chinese character for "goat" or "sheep"; or another character pronounced "Yang", regardless of tone, such as 仰 or 養.
Four origins are recorded for the surname Yang (楊):
- Out of the Ji (姬) surname, the surname of the royal family during the Zhou dynasty. A fifth generation descendant of Duke Wu of Jin was enfeoffed at a place called Yang, and his descendants adopted this as their surname, giving rise to the surname Yang.
- Translation of surnames used by other ethnic groups in ancient China. For example, the Di people used the surname Yang. The Yang clan of the Di people lived in Chouchi in Gansu.
- Homogenization of another surname pronounced Yang (揚), written with a "hand" radical rather than the "wood" radical. The two characters were used interchangeably in ancient times.
- Other adoptions. For example, the Mohulu clan of the Northern Wei dynasty changed their surname to "Yang".
- another known source:
The German sociologist Wolfram Eberhard calls Yang 楊 the "Monkey Clan", citing the totemistic myth recorded in the Soushenji and Fayuan Zhulin that the Yangs living in southwestern Shu (modern Sichuan) were descendants of monkeys. The Soushenji "reported that in the southwest of Shu there were monkey-like animals whose names were [jiaguo 猳國], [mahua 馬化], or [jueyuan 玃猿]. These animals abducted women and sent them back when they became pregnant. If the baby were not accepted, the woman would have to die. Therefore these children were raised and they received the clan name Yang. For this reason this clan occurred quite frequently in Southwest Shu."The people of Hunan and Guizhou during The Three Kingdom of Later Han, joined Yang surname by Zhuge Liang behalf.Manchu people use Yang as surname since ancestral times.Bai surname of Huang Di descendants has been moved to Yang surname.Naxi, Miao, Hui and other ethnic groups also have taken Yang as surname.Some branches of the Yang clan (in particular the Hongnong branch) refer to themselves as "Yang of the Hall of Four Wisdoms". The "Hall of Four Wisdoms" refers to a story concerning Yang Zhen, an official of the Eastern Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD), and known for his erudition as well as moral character. When a man named Wang Mi visited Yang Zhen at night and attempted to bribe him 10 catties of gold, Yang rejected the gift. Wang Mi persevered, saying that nobody would know. Yang Zhen famously retorted "Heaven knows, Earth knows, you know and I know. How can you say that nobody would know?" Descendents of Yang Zhen adopted the "four wisdoms", or "Si Zhi" as the title of their clan hall. Some Yang family clan halls in various parts of China still carry this name.
Yang state of the Zhou dynastyChouchiSui dynastyYang WuKokangTamnaTaiping Heavenly Kingdom (East)Anterior Dương DynastyĐại ViệtVietnam KingshipJonê CountyBozhouGreat YiningThe Pacified Southern Kingdomand otherYeung (Cantonese, notably Hong Kong)Yeo/Yeoh (Hokkien and Teochew, notably Singapore and Malaysia)Eyu/Iyu/Io (Keowchou dialect, notably Singapore and Malaysia)Yiu/Yio/Yoo/Yu (Hokkien, notably Hong Kong and the Philippines) (rare)Yong (Hakka)Yung/Young/Yeong/YahngEav/EawNjo/Njoo/Nyo/Nyoo/Injo/Inyo (Hokkien, Teochew notably Indonesia)Neoh/Neo(rare)/Ngeo (Hokkien, Peranakan pronunciation)Ieong (Cantonese, notably Macau - Portuguese pronunciation)Leong (rare) (Min-Man Cantonese, notably Nan Hai anglicized Romanization)Jong (Hakka, known in Indonesia)Iyo/Yo/Jo (Old Indonesian pronunciation)Jang/Yang (derived from Yang in old Dutch and old British pronunciation in Indonesia)Ian/Iyan (especially Indonesian customizable)Yaaj (in the Green Hmong dialect)Yaj (in the White Hmong dialect)YeangDương/Duong (anglicized) (Vietnamese)Sae-ia/Sae-ear (Thai)よう Yo/やなぎ Yanagi(Kun) (Japanese) (customizable)Yang (양) (Korean)Young/de Jong (European and English Phonetic Romanization)Yang Dongqian (楊洞潛), an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Southern HanYang Ye (楊業) or Yang Jiye (楊繼業), was a military general of the Song Dynasty, Daizhou prefect and Sanjiao Garrison armed forces director (December 979 – August 986)Yang Fuguang (楊復光) (842-883), formally Duke Zhongsu of Hongnong (弘農忠肅公), was a eunuch's proposed general of the Chinese dynasty Tang DynastyYang Xiu, advisor under Warlord Cao CaoYang Gongren, official and general of the Sui and Tang DynastyYang Hui (traditional Chinese: 楊輝; simplified Chinese: 杨辉), courtesy name Qianguang (謙光), was a Chinese mathematician during the late Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD)Yang Ren (Chinese: 楊任; Pinyin: Yáng Rèn), grand counsellor within the Shang DynastyYang Zhu, philosopher (440 – 360 BC) associated with an ethical EgoismYang Zhen, minister of war in China circa 122 A.D, known as Confucius of Western ChinaYang Hu, general of the Three Kingdoms eraYang Jian, first emperor of the Sui Dynasty (581-618)Yang Guang, second Emperor of the Sui DynastyYang Guifei, famous emperor's consort in Tang dynastyYang Guozhong, politician and Yang Guifei's brotherYang Wan (楊綰), Tang Dynasty historianYang Manchun, a Goguryeo commander of Ansi fortress located on the Goguryeo-Tang borderYang Xiong (揚雄; 53 BCE–18 CE), was a Han dynasty scholar, poet, and author known for his philosophical writingsYang Jian (Erlang Shen), nephew of Jade EmperorYang Xingmi, Prince Wuzhong of Wu, King Xiaowu of Wu, and Emperor Wu of WuFor a list of famous Korean people with the last name Yang, please refer to Yang (Korean surname).
David Yang, founder and chairman of the Board of ABBYY, Ph.D. in mathematicsAlfonso T. Yuchengco (Chinese: 楊應琳), is a prominent industrialist, certified public accountant, educator, and diplomat in the PhilippinesDu Wenxiu (original name was Yang before name change), Chinese Muslim rebel leaderChen-Ning Yang, physicist and a Nobel medalistHoward Young, member of the Legislative Council of Hong KongJerry Yang, co-founder of Yahoo!Yang Jiang, noted translator and playwright, widow of Qian ZhongshuYang Kaihui, wife of Mao ZedongXiangzhong Yang, world animal cloning leader, University of ConnecticutYeung Kai-yin, former official of the Hong Kong Government, and former chairman and CEO of Kowloon-Canton Railway CorporationYang Liwei, Chinese astronautYang Lu-ch'an (楊露禪, 1799–1872), whose family became the most well-known exponents of the Chinese martial art known as T'ai Chi Ch'uanYang Ch'eng-fu (楊澄甫, 1883–1936), martial arts teacher and grandson of Yang Lu-ch'anMiriam Yeung, singer and actressYang Shangkun, Chinese politicianYang Shi Man, Indonesian singer, known as Agnes Monica (Agnez Mo)Yang Jiechi, Chinese Foreign MinisterXuefei Yang, classical guitaristYeung Sum, member of the Legislative Council of Hong KongSir Ti Liang Yang, former Chief Justice of Hong Kong, the first ethnic-Chinese to the positionYong Pung How, former Chief Justice of SingaporeYang Xianyi, noted translatorYen-Yi Yang, victim of murder by Stanley WilliamsGeorge Yeo, Minister of Foreign Affairs for SingaporeRichard Yeo Swee Chye,(楊瑞才), scientist, inventor & founder of SuperUSA Nutrition Inc & Multi Sensing Inc.Michelle Yeoh, famous international actress from MalaysiaYeoh Tiong Lay, business man, founder of YTL Corporation BerhadFrancis Yeoh Chairman of YTL Corporation BerhadKen Yeang renowned architect and authorYang Sen general, warlord, later Taiwan sports administratorYang Weize, former Communist Party Secretary of Nanjing, ChinaYang Yang (painter), contemporary artistYang Yang (badminton), badminton playerYang Yang (A), speed skaterYang Yang (S), speed skaterShirley Yeung, winner of 2001 Miss Hong Kong, TVB actressRainie Yang, Taiwanese singer and actressYeo Ning Hong, Former minister of SingaporeYang Erche Namu, ethnic Mosuo writerTavia Yeung, TVB actressVivien Yeo, TVB actressYong Pung How, Singapore Chief Justice (1990–2006)Yang Yilin, Chinese gymnastYang Jianli, Chinese dissident with U.S. residencyYong Mun Sen (1896-1962), Malaysian pioneer artist, known as Father of Malaysian PaintingYeung Kam John Yeung Sik Yuen, Mauritius Chief JusticeHenry T. Yang, chancellor of University of California, Santa BarbaraSao Edward Yang Kyein Tsai (杨振材), last reigning prince of Kokang in Myanmar whose family ruled Kokang from 1739 - 1959Yang Yongliang, artistYang Xiuqing, East King of the Heavenly KingdomErlang Shen (二郎神) Yang Jian, the nephew of the Jade EmperorYang Chuan-kwang, 楊傳廣, an Olympic decathlete from the Republic of ChinaGladys Yang, a British translator of Chinese literatureXao "Jerry" Yang (simplified Chinese: 杨係; traditional Chinese: 楊係; pinyin: Yáng Xì; born 1967), ethnic Hmong poker player from Temecula, CaliforniaYang Kuan (杨宽), Chinese historianYang Gang, prominent female journalistNagi Yanagi (やなぎ なぎ-Yanagi Nagi), Japanese singer-songwriter from Kansai, Japan and is signed to Geneon.Yō Yoshimura (吉村 よう Yoshimura Yō), former Japanese voice actorDương Nhật Lễ, emperor of Đại Việt from 1369 to 1370Njoo Cheong Seng (Perfected Spelling: Nyoo Cheong Seng;楊章生) a Chinese-Indonesian playwright and film directorNjoo Kiem Bie (naturalized name Koesbianto) (Chinese: 楊金美; pinyin: Yáng Jīnměi)a male badminton player from IndonesiaCharlie Yeung, actressYang Tsung-hua (楊宗樺), Taiwanese professional tennis playerFan Yang, Canadian bubble artistYang Mu (杨牧/楊牧; pinyin: Yáng Mù) a Taiwanese poetYang Wenhui (simplified Chinese: 杨文会; traditional Chinese: 楊文會; pinyin: Yáng Wénhùi; Wade–Giles: Yang Wenhui; 1837-1911) was a Chinese lay Buddhist reformerPhilémon Yunji Yang (born June 14, 1947) is a Cameroonian politicianYang Jing (Chinese: 杨晶; pinyin: Yáng Jīng) (born in December 1953) is one of the Chinese Party and State LeadersTiger Yang (Yang Jiechi), a high-ranking Chinese politician and lifelong professional diplomatYang Mi (楊冪), Chinese actress and singerYang Xiong (politician), Mayor of Shanghai