Yamashita (written: 山下 lit. "under the mountain") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bruce Yamashita, U.S. military lawyer
Gentaro Yamashita (1863–1931), Japanese admiral
Gota Yamashita (born 1989), Japanese mixed martial artist
Haruhiro Yamashita (born 1938), Japanese gymnast
Iris Yamashita, U.S. screenwriter
Karen Tei Yamashita (born 1951), Japanese-American writer
Keigo Yamashita (born 1978), Japanese Go player
Kazuhito Yamashita (born 1961), Japanese classical guitarist
Kinuyo Yamashita, Japanese composer
Kumi Yamashita, artist
Maki Yamashita (born 1974), Japanese pop musician
Michinori Yamashita (born 1953), Japanese mathematician
Norifumi Yamashita (born 1962), Japanese triple jumper
Reiko Yamashita (born 1973), Japanese pop musician
Sachiko Yamashita (born 1964), Japanese long-distance runner
Shunya Yamashita (born 1970), Japanese artist
Stomu Yamashta or Yamashita Tsutomu (born 1947), Japanese percussionist, keyboardist and composer
Tadashi Yamashita (born 1942), Japanese-born American martial artist
Takuji Yamashita (1874-1959), Japanese-American civil rights pioneer
Tatsuro Yamashita (born 1953), Japanese musician and record producer
Tokuo Yamashita (1919–2014), Japanese politician
Tomohisa Yamashita (born 1985), Japanese pop musician
Tomoyuki Yamashita (1885-1946), Japanese general
Yasuhiro Yamashita (born 1957), Japanese judoka
Yoshiteru Yamashita (born 1977), Japanese footballer
Yamashita Yoshiaki or Yamashita Yoshitsugu (1865-1935), Japanese Judo exponent
Yosuke Yamashita (born 1942), Japanese jazz musician
Fictional characters:
Mari Yamashita
