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Xin Xianying

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Traditional Chinese
  
辛憲英

Simplified Chinese
  
辛宪英


Name
  
Xin Xianying

Died
  
284 AD

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Xin Xianying (191–269) was the daughter of Xin Pi, an official serving in the Cao Wei state during the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China. She had a younger brother, Xin Chang (辛敞), who repeatedly sought her advice.

Contents

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Life

Xin Xianying's ancestral home was in Yangzhai County (陽翟縣), Yingchuan Commandery (潁川郡), which is in present-day Yuzhou, Henan. Her father Xin Pi started his career as an official serving in the administration of Cao Cao, a warlord who effectively controlled the central government in the late Eastern Han dynasty and the figurehead Emperor Xian. As a child, she was already known for studying and reading, which girls in her time did not normally do. When she was 16, she married Yang Dan (羊丹), who was from Taishan Commandery.

In 217, after Cao Cao designated his eldest surviving son Cao Pi as the heir-apparent, Xin Pi told Xin Xianying about Cao Pi's delight upon hearing the news. Xin Xianying, however, remarked that it did not bode well for Cao Pi's future if he was happy about shouldering such a sad and heavy responsibility when his father died.

In 234, during the standoff between the forces of Wei and Shu at the Battle of Wuzhang Plains, the Shu commander Zhuge Liang sent his Wei counterpart Sima Yi a woman's dress with the aim of taunting him and stirring up his anger. When Sima Yi wrote to the Wei emperor Cao Rui, requesting for permission to lead his troops to engage the enemy, Xin Pi shared this piece of news with Xin Xianying. She replied in a serious tone, "The army determines the fate of the country, nobody can afford to joke over that. Fighting the enemy because of anger often leads to unexpected losses, it is something we should avoid." Xin Pi thanked his daughter and advised Cao Rui to order Sima Yi to ignore the taunts and focus on holding his position while waiting for an opportunity to strike. Zhuge Liang died of illness in the following month and the Shu forces retreated.

Xin Xianying often advised her nephew, Yang Hu, to distance himself from Zhong Hui, a prominent Wei general, because she thought that he was too ambitious. Indeed, Zhong Hui started a rebellion against Wei in 264 after helping Wei conquer Shu in the previous year.

References

Xin Xianying Wikipedia