Rank Major General | Name William Rupertus | |
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Born November 14, 1889
Washington, D.C. ( 1889-11-14 ) Allegiance United States of America Years of service 1907–1910 (D.C. National Guard)
1913–1945 (USMC) Battles/wars World War I
Banana Wars
Occupation of Haiti
Second Sino-Japanese War
World War II
Guadalcanal campaign
Battle of Tulagi and Gavutu-Tanambogo
New Britain campaign
Battle of Cape Gloucester
Mariana and Palau Islands campaign
Battle of Peleliu Relations Capt. Patrick Hill Rupertus USMC(Son) Died March 25, 1945, Quantico, Virginia, United States Education United States Army Command and General Staff College Awards Navy Cross, Distinguished Service Medal Battles and wars Banana Wars, United States occupation of Haiti, Second Sino-Japanese War, World War II Service/branch District of Columbia National Guard, United States Marine Corps Similar People Kunio Nakagawa, Alexander Vandegrift, Roy Geiger, Holland Smith, Chester W Nimitz | ||
Commands held 1st Marine Division | ||
Rifleman's Creed
William Henry Rupertus (November 14, 1889 – March 25, 1945) was a major general in the United States Marine Corps and the author of the Rifleman's Creed.
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Military career
Rupertus began his military career immediately after graduating high school, serving in the District of Columbia National Guard from 1907 to 1910. Originally, he intended to serve as a cutter captain in the United States Revenue Cutter Service, the earlier version of the modern U.S. Coast Guard. He was accepted to the U. S. Revenue Cutter School of Instruction on April 28, 1910. He graduated academically second in his class on May 15, 1913, but failed the physical examination. Because he was physically unqualified, he resigned from the U. S. Revenue Cutter Service on June 18, 1913.
However, his excellent marksmanship led to his being recruited by the Marine Corps. He accepted a commission in November 1913, then attended the Marine Corps Officers School, graduating first in his class of 1915. Rupertus served on the Marine Corps rifle team, earning the Distinguished Marksman badge and winning a number of shooting matches.
Rupertus was serving aboard the battleship USS Florida when the United States entered World War I and was subsequently recalled up to the U.S. to command a detachment of Marines headed for Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Rupertus served in Haiti for three years until after the war, when he was sent to staff officer training and then made Inspector of Target Practice in the Operations and Training Division at Marine Corps Headquarters. In 1929 he commanded a detachment of the 4th Marines in Peking, China.
In July 1937, Rupertus was a battalion commander in the 4th Marines when the Japanese attacked Shanghai in the Second Sino-Japanese War.
During World War II, as CO of the Marine Barracks at San Diego he wrote the Marine Corps Rifleman's Creed right after Pearl Harbor was bombed. He penned the Rifleman's Creed with the intent of encouraging expert marksmanship and Marines' trust in their weapons. In March 1942, he served as Assistant Division Commander of the 1st Marine Division under Major General Alexander Vandegrift in New River, North Carolina to assist in the formation and training of the First Marine Division.
Rupertus commanded the Landing Task Force Organization which captured the islands of Tulagi, Gavutu and Tanambogo in the Guadalcanal campaign. After Vandegrift left the division in 1943, Rupertus took command. He led the 1st Marine Division during the Battle of Cape Gloucester and the Battle of Peleliu. In November 1944, Major General Rupertus became the commandant of the Marine Corps Schools at Quantico, Virginia. His tenure was short, however, as he died of a heart attack on March 25, 1945, just four months later. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
Awards and honors
Major General Rupertus' decorations included:
In 1945, the U.S. Navy destroyer USS Rupertus (DD-851) was named in his honor.
MajGen Rupertus also received the Faciat Georgius commemorative medal for service on Guadalcanal.