County Greater London European Parliament constituency London Number of members 1 | Electorate 86,400 (December 2010) Member of parliament Lyn Brown Party Labour Party | |
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Major settlements Canning Town, Forest Gate, Stratford, London Replaced by Newham North West, Newham South Created from Newham North West, Newham South | ||
West Ham is a constituency created in 1997 represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2005 by Lyn Brown, a member of the Labour Party.
Contents
Boundaries
1997-2010: The London Borough of Newham wards of Bemersyde, Forest Gate, Hudsons, New Town, Park, Plaistow, Plashet, Stratford, Upton, and West Ham.
2010-present: The London Borough of Newham wards of Canning Town North, Canning Town South, Custom House, Forest Gate North, Forest Gate South, Green Street West, Plaistow North, Plaistow South, Stratford and New Town, and West Ham.
The constituency covers the western half of Newham stretching from the Thames just east of Canary Wharf to Stratford.
The boundary changes that took effect for the 2010 general election expanded the constituency by adding Canning Town from the abolished Poplar and Canning Town constituency, whilst losing Silvertown to the redrawn East Ham. The boundary with the East Ham constituency was modified to align with local government ward boundaries.
History
The seat was created in 1997 by the fourth periodic review (following the first such review in 1945), undertaken by the Boundary Commission, from portions of the Newham North West and Newham South seats.
The area's elections to date, including both forerunner seats have returned safe majorities for the Labour Party since the last Conservative for the smaller, denser divisions from 1931-1934; going back further, West Ham South had in 1892 sent Keir Hardie to the Commons who co-founded the party.
Banks held this seat at the 2001 general election with nearly 70% of the vote and a local record majority of 53.5% of the vote.
The 2010 result, not only on the notional result, accommodating boundary changes, but also on predecessor-successor seat analysis shows that the main beneficiary of the runner-up Respect vote, as they did not have a candidate in that year, was the Labour candidate. The 2015 result made the seat the 14th safest of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority.
The first member Tony Banks served the main predecessor seat, Newham North West from 1983 until his retirement in 2005, and was Minister for Sport (1997-1999).
Constituency profile
Helped by proximity to the City of London and exporting businesses in areas such as Hackney, Shoreditch and the Thames Gateway, the area is only gradually recovering in terms of employment rates from the deep East End decline, particularly decline of the dockers' industry here of the 1950s to the 1980s, with an immediate boost on the 2010 creation of the London Olympic Village and Park. Workless claimants who were registered jobseekers were in November 2012 significantly higher than the national average of 3.8%, at 7.7% of the population based on a statistical compilation by The Guardian but not the highest in London. Within this figure is a skew toward male unemployment which was at 9.8%
The constituency has been one of the fastest growing in the 21st century - in 2006 it was the second largest constituency of all, with only the Isle of Wight having more voters. The neighbouring constituency of East Ham was the third largest constituency.
Now that the Olympic stadium has become West Ham United's home the club is located in the constituency that shares its name; their previous ground at Upton Park was actually in the neighbouring East Ham seat.
By the time of the 2001 census, people who identified with the ethnicity of white made up 44.1% of the population and 35.3% of residents were born outside the UK, and in the 2011 census the borough saw an increase in those of mixed colour ethnicity, at 4.6% and saw the lowest proportion of people of solely white ethnicity at 29.0%, the figure for those of black ethnicity had fallen to 19.6%, and those of South Asian ethnicity had risen to 43.5% of the population.
In terms of religion the British Asian population is more than 50% Muslim in this constituency. By the time of the 2005 General Election, only seven of the 646 constituencies had more Muslims than West Ham. Respect (later led by Salma Yaqoob fielded a candidate for the 2005 election, hoping to benefit from opposition to the Iraq war; in the end this was not enough to unseat Labour's replacement for Banks, Lyn Brown, but Respect managed to take nearly 20% of the vote.
Elections in the 2010s
The Green Party originally selected Jane Lithgow as candidate.