Scientific name Bos taurus Rank Breed | Higher classification Cattle | |
Did you know There were two distinct strains of the breed; the stocky North Wales beef type and the dairy like South Wales or Castlemartin animal. Similar Galloway cattle, Beef Shorthorn, Murray Grey cattle, Shorthorn, White Park cattle | ||
Welsh black cattle the native breed of wales
The Welsh Black is a dual-purpose breed of cattle native to Wales.
Contents
Welsh black cattle
History
Commercial exploitation of the breed meant that drovers would drive them to English markets. Herds from south west Wales travelled towards Hereford and Gloucester up the Tywi Valley to Llandovery. Herds from South Cardiganshire reached Llandovery through Llanybydder and Llansawel. The drovers would then return to Wales with large amounts of money, which made them targets of bandits and highwaymen. The result was the formation in 1799 of the Banc yr Eidon in Llandovery, the Bank of the Black Ox, which was later purchased by Lloyds Bank.
By the turn of the nineteenth century, 25,000 cattle were being exported from Wales every year. Before the 1960s, few cattle were exported outside the UK, but now can be found in Canada, New Zealand, Australia and Germany as well in Saudi Arabia, Jamaica and Uganda.
Welsh Black cattle are on the list of endangered native breeds in Wales.
Cornish Black
It has been speculated that the extinct black cattle of Cornwall were a closely related breed to the Welsh Black. In the nineteenth century they were described as being the same size.
Characteristics
As the name suggests, the cattle are naturally black. They generally have white horns with black tips, but these may be removed, and there are also naturally hornless (polled) strains. Red individuals occur occasionally – red and other colours were more common in the past.
Its hardy nature coupled with its habit of browsing as well as grazing makes it ideal for rough pasture such as heathland and moorland, and for conservation grazing.
Traditionally bred for both milk and beef, commercially it is now usually used only for beef.
