Name W. Carter, | ||
William Beverly Carter Jr. (1921 – May 9, 1982) served three American presidents as U.S. Ambassador to Tanzania and Liberia and became the first African American named Ambassador-at-Large.
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Biography
Beverly Carter was born in Coatesville, Pennsylvania in 1921 and grew up in Philadelphia.
A newsman, who later operated a public relations firm, he began as a journalist, helping to edit the Philadelphia Tribune and "The Afro-American". He then became the publisher of the Pittsburgh Courier. He was a graduate of Lincoln University and attended the Temple University Beasley School of Law and New School of Social Research in NYC. His marriage to Rosalie Terry Carter ended in divorce. He was separated from his second wife, Carlyn Brown (Pogue) Carter at the time of his death. He had a son from his first marriage, William Beverly Carter III, and a grandson, Terence S. Carter.
Carter ran for Pennsylvania's Fourth Congressional District in 1954. After a hard-fought victory in the Republican primary, he lost to incumbent Earl Chudoff, a Democrat, in the general election.
A keen student of African affairs, he made his first visit to that continent in 1952 and subsequently visited 40 African nations. Prior to his ambassadorial assignments, as a career officer in the United States Foreign Service, Carter served in Kenya shortly after independence and in Nigeria during the Biafra War. His early exposure followed an invitation from a Lincoln schoolmate, Kwame Nkrumah, to visit Ghana to observe the early days of independence in that former colony.
From 1969 to 1972, Carter held the office of principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs. Appointed on June 27, 1972 as U.S. Ambassador to Tanzania, he left his post on October 14, 1975. On April 6, 1976 he was appointed to be ambassador to Liberia. He held that position until January 1, 1979. On February 9, 1979 he was appointed as "Ambassador at Large" for liaison with state and local governments. His appointment terminated on January 16, 1981. In addition to his official State department duties, he served as a private citizen on the United Nations Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities from 1972 until his death.
Mr. Carter’s tenure as ambassador to Tanzania ended in controversy over his role in the negotiations for the release of four students (3 Americans from Stanford University, 1 Dutch) kidnapped by rebel leader & future president Laurent Kabila from Zaire. After the student’s release had been secured, negotiated by their families, secretary of state Henry Kissinger recalled Ambassador Carter and canceled his pre-arranged next appointment as ambassador to Denmark. The departmental position was that improper lines were crossed in an effort to save the students. Following intense public and congressional pressure, including a New York Times editorial, Ambassador Carter was promoted and assigned to Liberia. On reflection on the aftermath of the controversy, Carter said, “Once you start thinking of one life as different from a thousand lives, you’ve lost it all.” (NYT Editorial,"Humane Diplomat", August 14, 1975)
Ambassador Carter was ultimately awarded State Department's highest citation, the Distinguished Honor Award, and the highest civilian award from Liberia, the Order of African Redemption. The official papers of W. Beverly Carter, Jr. are preserved at the Library of Congress.
Death
Ambassador Carter died on Sunday, May 9, 1982 at Suburban Hospital in Bethesda, Maryland of a heart attack.