1937–1950 → Disestablished 1950 | Established 1937 Capital Allahabad | |
Today part of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand | ||
The United Provinces was a province of British India and, subsequently, Independent India.
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History
It came into existence on 1 April 1937 as a result of the shortening of "United Provinces of British India". It corresponded approximately to the combined regions of the present-day Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
Provincial Autonomy
The Government of India Act 1935 enlarged the elected provincial legislature and expanded provincial autonomy vis-a-vis the central government.
In the elections held in 1937, the Indian National Congress won the majority seats, but declined to form a government. Therefore on 1 April 1937, and the Nawab of Chhatari, the leader of the National Agriculturist Parties, was invited to form a minority provisional government.
The Congress reversed its decision and resolved to accept office in July 1937. Therefore, the Governor Sir Haig invited Govind Ballabh Pant to form the government.
In 1939, all of the Congress ministries in British Indian provinces resigned and the United Provinces were placed under the Governor's rule. In 1945, the British Labour government ordered new elections to the Provincial legislatures. The Congress won a majority in the 1946 elections in the United Provinces and Pant was again the Premier, continuing even after India's independence in 1947.
Post-Independence
Following independence in 1947, the princely states of Rampur, Banares and Tehri-Garwal were merged into the United Provinces. On 25 January 1950 this unit was renamed as Uttar Pradesh. In 2000, the separate state of Uttaranchal, now known as Uttarakhand, was carved out of Uttar Pradesh.