The USSR State Prize (Russian: Госуда́рственная пре́мия СССР, Gosudarstvennaya premiya SSSR) was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on September 9, 1966. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the prize was followed up by the State Prize of the Russian Federation.
The State Stalin Prize (Государственная Сталинская премия, Gosudarstvennaya Stalinskaya premiya), usually called the Stalin Prize, existed from 1941 to 1954 – some sources give an incorrect termination date of 1952. It essentially played the same role; therefore upon the establishment of the USSR State Prize, the diplomas and badges of the recipients of Stalin Prize were changed to that of USSR State Prize.
In 1944 and 1945, the last two years of the Second World War the award ceremonies for the Stalin Prize were not held. Instead, in 1946 the ceremony was held twice: in January for the works created in 1943–1944 and in June for the works of 1945.
USSR State Prize of 1st, 2nd and 3rd degrees was awarded annually to individuals in the fields of science, mathematics, literature, arts, and architecture to honor the most prominent achievements which either advanced the Soviet Union or the cause of socialism. Often the prize was awarded to specific works rather than to individuals.
Each constituent Soviet republic (SSR) and autonomous republic (ASSR) also had a State Prize (resp. Stalin Prize).
The Stalin Prize was an honor different from the Stalin Peace Prize. The latter was created on 21 December 1949 and was usually awarded to foreign recipients rather than to Soviet citizens.
It should also not be confused with the Lenin Prize.
Adela Rosenthal: mathematicsAbraham Alikhanov: physicsAlexander Evseevich Braunstein: biochemistryNikolai Burdenko: neurosurgeryMikhail Gurevich: aeronautical engineeringSergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringAleksandr Khinchin: mathematicsAndrey Kolmogorov: mathematicsSemyon Lavochkin: aeronautical engineeringMikhail Loginov: artillery designTrofim Lysenko: biologyDmitri Maksutov: astronomic opticsVladimir Obruchev: geologyEvgeny Paton: electrical weldingNikolai Polikarpov: aeronautical engineeringNikolay Semyonov: chemical physicsSergei Sobolev: mathematicsAlexey Shchusev: architectureAlexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev: aeronautical engineeringIvan Matveyevich Vinogradov: mathematicsSemyon Volfkovich: chemistryNikolai Ponomarev: astronomic opticsAleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov: mathematicsNicholas Astrov: tank engineerIvan Grave: artillery, for his work Ballistics of Semiclosed SpaceSergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringMstislav Keldysh: mathematicsIsaak Kikoin: physicsMikhail Koshkin: tank engineerLeonid Isaakovich Mandelstam: physicsSergei Rubinstein: psychologyAleksandr Aleksandrovich Shmuk: biochemistryAlexander Vishnevsky: surgeonAlexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev: aeronautical engineeringNikolay Zelinsky work on organic chemistryIvan Bardin Ivan Plotnikov: inventor of artificial leather kirzaIgor Kurchatov: physicist (1st degree; with a group of Ioffe Institute)Nicholas Astrov: tank engineerZinaida Vissarionovna Ermol'eva: biochemistrySergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringIvan Knunyants: ChemistryFeodosy Krasovsky: astronomySemyon Lavochkin: aeronautical engineeringNikolai Nikolaevich Polikarpov: aeronautical engineeringSergey Ivanovich Vavilov: physicsVladimir Vernadsky: mineralogy and geochemistryYakov Borisovich Zel'dovich: 2nd degree, physics – for works on combustion and detonationMustafa Topchubashov : general surgeonLaureates for this year were officially announced in 1946.
Laureates for this year were officially announced in 1946
Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov: physicsViktor Hambardzumyan: astrophysicsSergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringEugen Kapp: music compositionMstislav Keldysh: mathematicsLev Landau: physicsSemyon Lavochkin: aeronautical engineeringLazar Lyusternik: mathematicsDmitri Maksutov: 1st degree, astronomic opticsAnatoly Ivanovich Malcev: 2nd degree, for the research on Lie groupsVasily Sergeevich Nemchinov: mathematicsPelageya Polubarinova-Kochina: mathematicsAlexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev: aeronautical engineeringSergey Ivanovich Vavilov: physicsLeo Silber: immunologyYevgeny Tarle: historianBoris Zbarsky, biochemistryNikolay Zelinsky work on chemistry of proteinsKonstantin Petrzhak and Georgy Flyorov: physics (2nd degree; for discovery of spontaneous fission)Mark Veyngerov for developing of Express Optic-Acoustical Gas Analysis.Valentin Felixovich Voyno-Yasenetsky: medicineAnatoly Savin, technology Manfred von Ardenne: for a table-top electron microscopeGeorgy Beriev: aeronautical engineeringNikolay Bogolyubov: mathematicsGrigory EisenbergMikhail Gurevich: aeronautical engineeringSergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringArtem Mikoyan: aeronautical engineeringAlexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev: aeronautical engineeringNikolai Bernstein: neurophysiologyAlexander Gapeev: geologyMikhail Gurevich: aeronautical engineeringArtem Mikoyan: aeronautical engineeringSemyon Lavochkin: aeronautical engineeringAlexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev: aeronautical engineeringMikhail Gurevich: aeronautical engineeringMikhail Kalashnikov: engineeringLeonid Kantorovich: mathematicsBoris Kurchatov: radiochemistryArtem Mikoyan: for aircraft designNikolaus Riehl: first class, for contributions to the Soviet atomic bomb projectYakov Borisovich Zel'dovich (Яков Борисович Зельдович): 1st degree, physics – for special works (actually, for nuclear technology)Anatoly Savin Viktor Hambardzumyan: astrophysicsSergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringEugen Kapp: music compositionVladimir Obruchev: geologyAleksei Pogorelov: mathematicsDmitri Skobeltsyn: physicsIlia Vekua: mathematicsMstislav Leopoldovich Rostropovich: MusicianSviatoslav Teofilovich Richter : MusicianPeter Adolf Thiessen: 1st degree, for uranium enrichment techniquesSergey Ivanovich Vavilov: physicsBoris Vannikov: administration of Soviet nuclear programViktor Vinogradov: philologyYakov Borisovich Zel'dovich: 1st degree, physics – for special worksHeinz Barwich: 2nd degree, physicisGustav Ludwig Hertz: 2nd degree, physicisYuri Krutkov: 2nd degree, physicisDing Ling: 2nd degree, literature for "The Sun Shines Over Sanggan River" Anatoly Savin Ashot Satian: Vocal-Symphony Poem "Songs of Ararat Valley"(1950)Viktor Arkadyevich Bely: music compositionPavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov: physicsSergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringEugen Kapp: music compositionFeodosy KrasovskyMarie Podvalová: music performanceLeon Theremin: science for inventing eavesdropping equipmentSergey Ivanovich Vavilov: physicsIvan Efremov, for Taphonomy and Geological ChronologyYury Nikolaevich Savin: 2nd degree, for the monograph Stress Concentration around HolesIl'ya Il'ich Chernyaev: 1st degree ChemistryBoris K. Schischkin and two others; for the Flora of the USSRLev Landau, Naum Meiman, Isaak Khalatnikov: 2nd degree, calculations for the atomic bomb projectSergey Mergelyan: mathematicsManfred von Ardenne: 1st degree, for contributions to the Soviet atomic bomb projectNikolay Bogolyubov: physicsVitaly Ginzburg: 1st degree, physicsEduard Haken: musicBruno Pontecorvo: physicsVasily Vladimirov: mathematicsYakov Borisovich Zel'dovich: 1st degree, physics – for special worksAndrei Sakharov: 1st degree, physicsV. Alexandrov (Russian: Александров В. В.), Yu. Bazilevsky (Russian: Базилевский Ю. Я.), D. Zhuchkov (Russian: Жучков Д. А.), I. Lygin (Russian: Лыгин И. Ф.), G. Markov (Russian: Марков Г. Я.), B. Melnikov (Russian: Мельников Б. Ф.), G. Prokudayev (Russian: Прокудаев Г. М.), B. Rameyev, N. Trubnikov (Russian: Трубников Н. Б.), A. Tsygankin (Russian: Цыганкин А. П.), Yu. Shcherbakov (Russian: Щербаков Ю. Ф.) and L. Larionova (Russian: Ларионова Л.А.) – Strela computer development team: 1st degreeIgor Tamm: physicsIgor Kurchatov: physicsGrigori Aleksandrov, Isaak Dunayevsky, and Lyubov Orlova: film Circus (1936)Grigori Aleksandrov, Nikolai Erdman, Isaak Dunayevsky, Lyubov Orlova, and Igor Ilyinsky: film Volga-Volga (1938)Hamo Beknazarian, Avet Avetisyan, and Hrachia Nersisyan: film Zangezur (1938)Mikheil Chiaureli and Spartak Bagashvili: film Arsena (1937)Mikheil Chiaureli and Mikheil Gelovani: film The Great Dawn (1938)Mark Donskoy and Varvara Massalitinova: films The Childhood of Maxim Gorky (1938) and On His Own (1939)Alexander Dovzhenko, Yevgeny Samoylov, and Ivan Skuratov: film Shchors (1939)Efim Dzigan: film The Sailors of Kronstadt (1936)Efim Dzigan and Vsevolod Vishnevsky: film If War Comes Tomorrow (1938)Sergei Eisenstein, Pyotr Pavlenko, Nikolay Cherkasov, and Andrei Abrikosov: film Alexander Nevsky (1938)Fridrikh Ermler, Nikolay Bogolyubov, and Aleksandr Zrazhevsky: film The Great Citizen (1938–1939)Sergei Gerasimov and Tamara Makarova: film The New Teacher (1939)Yevgeni Ivanov-Barkov, Alty Karliyev, and Nina Alisova: film Dursun (1941)Iosif Kheifits and Aleksandr Zarkhi: film Baltic Deputy (1937)Grigori Kozintsev, Leonid Trauberg, and Boris Chirkov: films The Youth of Maxim (1935), The Return of Maxim (1937), and The Vyborg Side (1939)Leonid Lukov and Pavel Nilin: film A Great Life (Part I) (1940)Vladimir Petrov, Nikolai Simonov, and Mikhail Zharov: film Peter the First (1937–1938)Vsevolod Pudovkin, Mikhail Doller, Boris Livanov, and Aleksandr Khanov: film Minin and Pozharsky (1939)Vsevolod Pudovkin, Mikhail Doller, Nikolai Cherkasov-Sergeyev, and Aleksandr Khanov: film Suvorov (1941)Ivan Pyryev, Nikolai Kryuchkov, and Marina Ladynina: film Tractor-Drivers (1939)Yuli Raizman, Ivan Peltser, and Nikolai Dorokhin: film Last Night (1937)Gerbert Rappaport, Aleksandr Ivanovsky, Sergei Lemeshev, and Erast Garin: film Musical Story (1940)Mikhail Romm, Aleksei Kapler, Boris Shchukin, and Nikolai Okhlopkov: films Lenin in October (1937) and Lenin in 1918 (1939)Nikoloz Shengelaia: film Eliso (1928)Nikoloz Shengelaia and Nato Vachnadze: film Orange Valley (1937)Georgi Vasilyev, Sergei Vasilyev, and Boris Babochkin: film Chapaev (1939)Sergei Yutkevich and Leonid Lyubashevsky: film Yakov Sverdlov (1940)Aleksandr Zguridi, Gleb Troyanski, and Boris Dolin: documentary film In the Depths of the Sea (1938)Aleksandr Zguridi and Gleb Troyanski: documentary film Force of Life (1940)Ilya Kopalin: documentary film On Danube (1940)Uzeyir Hajibeyov: Ker oghlu, operaAram Khachaturian: Violin ConcertoNikolai Myaskovsky: Symphony No. 21Mark Reizen: opera singer, bassSergei Sergeyev-Tsensky: literatureYuri Shaporin: On the Field of Kulikovo, cantataDmitri Shostakovich: Piano QuintetAleksey Shchusev, architectureMikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov: literatureAleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi: literature, for Peter IAleksandr Tvardovsky:literatureOlga Lepeshinskaya: balletVera Mukhina: sculptorTikhon Khrennikov: Music to the film The Swineherd and the ShepherdDmitri Shostakovich: Symphony No. 7Ilya Ehrenburg: literatureDavid Fyodorovich Oistrakh Soviet ViolinistWanda Wasilewska, for her novel The RainbowMukhtar Ashrafi: Symphony No. 1 HeroicAram Khachaturian: Gayaneh BalletSergei Prokofiev: Piano Sonata No. 7Vissarion Shebalin: String Quartet No. 5Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi: literature, for The Road to CalvaryPavel Bazhov: literature, for The Malachite BoxMargarita Aliger: for poetry, ZoyaThe awards for this year were given in 1946
The awards for this year were given in 1946
Rza Tahmasib: cinema, for The Cloth-Peddler (Arshin Mal Alan)Arnold Azrikan: dramatic tenor, OtelloSergei Aslamazyan: cellistMikola Bazhan: literature, for In the Days of War (1945?)Sergei Eisenstein: cinema, for Ivan the Terrible, Part IAlexander Fadeyev: literature, for The Young Guard (1st edition, 1945)Samuil Feinberg: Piano Concerto No. 2Emil Gilels: pianistReinhold Glière: Concerto for voice and orchestraDmitri Kabalevsky: String Quartet No. 2Gara Garayev: The Motherland, operaJovdat Hajiyev: The Motherland, operaVeniamin Kaverin: literature, for The Two CaptainsAram Khachaturian: Symphony No. 2Tikhon Khrennikov: At 6 p.m. after the War, music from the filmBoris Liatoshinsky: Ukrainian QuintetSamuil Marshak: literature, for the play Twelve MonthsPeretz Markish: literatureVera Inber: poetrySulamith Messerer: ballet choreographyNikolai Miaskovsky: String Quartet No. 9 – Cello ConcertoVano Muradeli: Symphony No. 2Vera Panova: literature, for SputnikiGavriil Nikolayevich Popov: Symphony No. 2Sergei Orlov: SculptureSergei Prokofiev: Symphony No. 5 – Piano Sonata No. 8 – Cinderella BalletAlexander Prokofyev: poetry, for the 1944 poem "Rossiya"Yuri Shaporin: Story of the Battle for the Russian LandAndrei Shtogarenko: My Ukraine, symphonyGeorgi Sviridov: Piano TrioAleksey Shchusev, architectureVikenty Veresaev, literatureYevgeny Vuchetich, sculptureStepan Malkhasyants, philologist, for writing Armenian Explanatory DictionarySalomėja Nėris: poetry (after death)Sergei Prokofiev: Sonata No. 1 for violin and pianoVissarion Shebalin: "Moscow", cantataSergey Nikiforovich Vasilenko: Mirandoline SuiteVera Panova: literature, for KruzhilikhaAleksandr Tvardovsky: literatureYevgeny Vuchetich, sculptureAndrey Vyshinsky: Theory of Judicial ProofsPyotr Andreevich Pavlenko: literature, for HappinessBoris Asafiev: Monograph on GlinkaReinhold Glière: String Quartet No. 4Gara Garayev: Leyli and Majnun, symphonic poemIlya Ehrenburg: literatureAnatoly Rybakov: literature, for The DaggerAleksey Shchusev, architectureVolodymyr Sosyura: poetryNikolai VirtaYevgeny Vuchetich: sculptureThe crew of the film Secret Agent*Zinovy Moiseevich Vilensky:sculpture
Vladimir Fedorovich Popov: literature, for Steel and SlagFikret Amirov: Symphonic MughamsAlexander Arutiunian: The Motherland, cantataVasiliy Nikolaevich Azhaev: literature for Far From Moscow (1949)Dmitri Kabalevsky: Violin ConcertoFeodor Vasilyevich Gladkov: literature, for Story of My Childhood (1949?)Sergei Gerasimov, Vladimir Rapoport, Vladimir Ivanov, Inna Makarova, Nonna Mordyukova, Sergei Gurzo, Lyudmila Shagalova, and Viktor Khokhryakov for the film The Young Guard (1948)Vera Panova: literature, for The Bright ShoreFaina Ranevskaya: for outstanding creative achievements on theater stageFyodor Pavlovich Reshetnikov: artYevgeny Vuchetich, sculptureIvan Vasilenko: literature, for The Little StarFyodor Fedorovsky: scenic designSandro Shanshiashvili: for his poetry and playsLeonid Baratov: opera directorReinhold Glière: The Bronze HorsemanNikolai Myaskovsky: Sonata No. 2 for cello and pianoDmitri Shostakovich: Song of the Forests – The Fall of Berlin for chorusMstislav Rostropovich, cellistYevgeny Vuchetich, sculptureDimitri Arakishvili, composerVadim Sobko, for the novel Guarantee of PeaceVasily Yefanov: painterOsip Abdulov: 2nd degree, actorArno Babadzhanian: Heroic BalladVladimir Belyayev: literature for The Old Fortress: A TrilogySergei Bondarchuk: Taras ShevchenkoNikolai Cherkasov: for the film Alexander Popov (the role of Alexander Popov).Isaak Dunaevsky: Music to the film The Kuban' CossacksGevorg Emin: book of poetry New RoadGerman Galynin: Epic PoemEdouard Grikurov: conductor (music)Aleksandras Gudaitis-Guzevičius, book Kalvio Ignoto teisybė (The truth of blacksmith Ignotas)Bruno Freindlich: for the film Alexander Popov (the role of Guglielmo Marconi).Dmitri Kabalevsky: Taras's Family, operaJan Kapr: New Czechoslovakia, film musicNikolai Myaskovsky: Symphony No. 27 – String Quartet No. 13Sergei Prokofiev: On Guard for Peace, oratorioVsevolod Pudovkin, Anatoli Golovnya, Vissarion Shebalin, and Vladimir Belokurov: film Zhukovsky (1950)Faina Ranevskaya: for the film U nih est' Rodina (They Have Their Motherland)Fyodor Pavlovich Reshetnikov: art (second time)Anatoly Rybakov: literatureOtar Taktakishvili: Symphony No. 1Teofilis Tilvytis, poem UsnynėYuri Trifonov, literature for StudentsSuleiman Yudakov: composer, musician (composed the Tajik National Anthem)Ashot Satian: Vocal-Symphony Poem "Songs of Ararat Valley"(1950)Jovdat Hajiyev: For Peace, symphonic poemSoltan HajibeyovMukhtar AshrafiPavel Necheporenko : Distinguished performance on the balalaikaYuri Shaporin: Romances for Voice and PianoDmitri Shostakovich: Ten Poems for Chorus opus 88Andrei Shtogarenko: In Memory of Lesya Ukrainka, symphonic suiteJuhan Smuul: literatureOtar Taktakishvili: Piano Concerto no 1Aleksey Shchusev, architectureAntanas Venclova: literature, Rinktinė (Selected Works)Vladimir Veksler: physicsHanon IzaksonVladimir Chelomei: for missile designPavel Soloviev: for engines designBirutė Kasperavičienė, Bronislovas Krūminis, Vaclovas Zubras, Ṧmuelis Liubeckis: for the design of the residential microdistrict ŽirmūnaiLev Korolyov, computer scienceEvgeny Abramyan, nuclear physicsNikolai Ryzhkov, future Soviet premierDmitrii Evgenievich Okhotsimsky: space scientistAlexander Yakovlevich Bereznyak: for missile design (KSR-5 and Kh-28)Alexander Yakovlevich Bereznyak: for missile design (Kh-22M)Sergey Ilyushin: aeronautical engineeringAndrey Kapitsa: geographerThe developer of the KT315 transistor.
Boris BabaianVladimir Chelomei: for missile designIgor Sergeevich Seleznev: for missile design (Kh-22MA)Sergei Vonsovsky: physicsPavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov: physicsYuri Valentinovich Knorozov (linguistic research)Igor Sergeevich Seleznev: for missile design (KSR-5P)Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev: aeronautical engineeringNikolai Ryzhkov, future Soviet premierGrigory EisenbergViktor Kremenuk – Institute for US and Canadian Studies (ISKRAN)Valentin Panteleimonovich SmirnovFedor Andreevich Kuznetsov: for materials scienceAlexei Abrikosov: physicsVladimir Chelomei: for missile designSergei Chudinov: physicsSergei Vonsovsky: physicsNicolai Brandt: physicsVladimir Ivanov-Omsky: physicsVictor Ogorodnikov physicsIsaac Tsidilkovsky physicsKseniya Smekalova physicsVitaly Stafeev physicsYury Kopaev: physicsIgor SpasskyZhores Alferov: physicsNikolay Bogolyubov: physicsIgor Sergeevich Seleznev: for missile design (Kh-59)Ilia VekuaYuri Yu. Gleba: biology ??? (for project 877 Varshavyanka submarine)Algis Petras Piskarskas: nonlinear opticsEugen Doga. Composer.Anatoliy O. Morozov for the "Ulianovsk" flexible manufacturing systemVolodymyr Nemoshkalenko for the development of the method of photoelectron spectroscopy and its application in science and technology.Nail H. Ibragimov: mathematicsAlexander Nadiradze: for missile designYury Kopaev: physicsGregory Pikus: physicsNikolay Basov: physicsAlexei Fridman, Nikolai Gor'kavyi: science and technology, for predicting of a system of new satellites of Uranus based on developed theory of collective and collisional processes in planetary rings.Vera Inber: poetry;Boris Gorbatov: literature;Arkady Filippenko: music; for his "Second String Quartet"Alykul Osmonov: poetry; for his efforts to modernize Kyrgyz literatureDing Ling: literatureLadislav Mráz: opera singerGustáv Papp: opera singerAnatoly Polyansky, D.S.Vitukhin, Yu.V.Ratskevich, etc.: architecture, for "Pribrezhny" complex of ArtekSergei Yutkevich and Yevgeni Gabrilovich for the film Lenin in PolandVytautas Žalakevičius, Donatas Banionis, and Jonas Gricius for the film Nobody Wanted to DieMark Donskoy for the film A Mother's HeartStanislav Rostotsky, Boris Dulenkov, Vyacheslav Shumsky, Nina Menshikova, Georgi Polonsky, and Vyacheslav Tikhonov for the film We'll Live Till MondayAleksei Losev for his History of Classical AestheticsAleksandr Tvardovsky: literatureSergei Gerasimov, Vladimir Rapoport, Pyotr Galadzhev, Oleg Zhakov, Vasily Shukshin,and Natalya Belokhvostikova for the film By the LakeQaysin Quli: literatureSergey Mikaelyan: filmAlexander Isaakovich Gelman: filmGevorg Emin: literatureDmitri Anosov: scienceValentin Zorin: television documentariesMikael TariverdievAndrey VoznenesenskyEvgeny Belyaev: music, tenor soloistYuri Norstein: artsVladimir ShainskyBoris ShtokolovYevgeni Gabrilovich, Sergei Yutkevich, Nikolai Nemolyayev, and Lyudmila Kusakova for the film Lenin in ParisValery Gavrilin for the Choral SymphonyArkady Khait (screenwriter), Anatoli Reznikov (director), Vyacheslav Nazaruk (artist) for animated cartoon series Leopold the Cat (category "Works of literature and arts for children")Levonid YakovlevVladimir KobekinKostas SmoriginasVladimir DudintsevDmitri PokrovskyBulat OkudzhavaDmitri Hvorostovsky