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Trondheimsk

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Region
  
Trondheim

Glottolog
  
None

Language family
  
Indo-European Germanic North Germanic West Scandinavian Trøndersk Trondheimsk

Trondheimsk, Trondheim dialect or Trondheim Norwegian is a dialect of Norwegian used in Trondheim. It is a variety of Trøndersk.

Contents

Consonants

  • /l/ is dental [l̪].
  • After short vowels, it is realized as an approximant, either palatal [ʎ] or palatalized dental [l̪ʲ].
  • When it occurs after a short vowel before a voiceless stop (particularly /t/), it is realized as a voiceless dental lateral continuant, described variously as an approximant [l̪̊] and a fricative [ɬ̪].
  • /r/ tends to be realized as a voiced retroflex fricative [ʐ]. It is devoiced to [ʂ] before /p/ and /k/.

    • Vowels

  • /iː/ and /yː/ can be diphthongized to, respectively, [ie] and [ye].
  • /uː/ is diphthongized to [ue].
  • /eː, øː/ and /ɔː/ are diphthongized to, respectively, [eæ], [øæ] and [ɔ̝æ].
  • The schwa [ə] does not exist in the Trondheim dialect.
  • /æ, æː/ have the most open realization in all of Norway, i.e. open front [a, aː].
  • /ɑ, ɑː/ are fully back [ɑ, ɑː].
  • /ɑi/ has a back starting point [ɑi].

    • Phonetic realization

    The tonemes of the Trondheim dialect are the same as those of the Oslo dialect; accent 1 is low-rising, whereas accent 2 is falling-rising.

    References

    Trondheimsk Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA