Timeline of Hanover

Prior to 19th century

1333 - Kreuzkirche (church) consecrated.

1347 - Aegidienkirche (church) built.

1366 - Marktkirche (church) built.

1369 - Welfs in power.

1382 - Döhrener Tower built near city.

1400 - Public clock installed (approximate date).

1410 - Town Hall building expanded (approximate date).^(de)

1440 - Stadtbibliothek Hannover (library) founded.

1529 - Hanover Schützenfest established.

1550 - Alter Jüdischer Friedhof an der Oberstraße (cemetery) established.

1640 - Royal Palace built.

1698 - Leibniz house in use.

1670 - Neustädter Kirche (church) built.

1689 - Population: 11,373.

1698 - Schloss Herrenhausen built near city.^(de)

1720 - Royal Public Library active.[1]

1726 - Herrenhäuser Allee laid out.

1755 - Population: 17,432.

1797 - Hanover Natural History Society founded.

1798 - Adressbuch der Stadt Hannover (city directory) begins publication.

19th century

1810 - Hanover becomes part of the Kingdom of Westphalia.

1815 - City becomes capital of the Kingdom of Hanover.

1821 - Population: 33,255.

1824 - Calenberger Neustadt becomes part of city.

1826 - Gas lighting installed.

1832 - Kunstverein Hannover (art society) formed.

1835 - Historischer Verein für Niedersachsen (historical society) founded.

1838 - Artilleriekaserne am Steintor (military barracks) built.

1844 - Hanover–Braunschweig Railway in operation.

1847

Bremen–Hanover railway begins operating.

Development of Ernst-August-Stadt area begins.

1851 - Thalia Society founded.

1852

Royal Theatre built.

Hannoversches Tageblatt newspaper in publication.

1853 - Hanoverian Southern Railway begins operating.

1854 - Hannoversche Courier newspaper begins publication.

1856 - Museum of Art and Science built.

1861 - Population: 71,170.

1864

Hanover–Hamburg railway in operation.

Stadtfriedhof Engesohde and Jüdischer Friedhof An der Strangriede (cemeteries) established.

1865 - Hanover Zoo established.

1866

Hanover becomes part of Prussia.

Hanover Military Riding Institute active.[2]

Welfenschloss (palace) built.

X Army Corps headquartered in Hanover.

Hanover Chamber of Industry and Commerce established.

1870 - New Synagogue, Hanover built.

1871 - Continental rubber manufacturer in business.

1872

Horse-drawn tram begins operating.^(de)

Goethe Bridge built.

1879 - Hannover Hauptbahnhof rebuilt.

1885 - Population: 139,731.

1886 - Cumberlandsche Galerie built.

1888 - Photographischer Verein founded.

1889

Mellini-Theater opens.

Kestner Museum established.

1891 - Hainholz, Herrenhausen, List, and Vahrenwald become part of city.

1893

Electric tram begins operating.^(de)

Hannoverscher Anzeiger newspaper begins publication.

1895 - Lister Tower and Flusswasserkunst built.

1896

Hannover 96 football club formed.

Holzmarkt Fountain installed.

1897 - Music Conservatory established.

1898 - Hannoversche Waggonfabrik (manufacturer) in business.

1900-1945

1902 - Provincial museum built.

1903 - Vaterländisches Museum opens.

1904 - Bismarck Tower erected.

1907 - Bothfeld, Groß-Buchholz, Klein-Buchholz, Döhren, Kirchrode, Mecklenheide, Stöcken, and Wülfel become part of city.

1908 - Anti-noise society formed.

1911 - Schauburg (theatre) opens.

1913 - New City Hall built in the Maschpark.

1914

Stadthalle built.^(de)

Stadtpark (Hannover) opens.

1916

Kestnergesellschaft (modern art society) formed.

Duve-Brunnen (fountain) installed in the Neustädter Markt.

1918

November: German Revolution of 1918–19.

Robert Leinert becomes mayor.

1919

Deutsche Luft-Reederei begins operating its Berlin-Hannover airplane route.

Population: 310,431.

1920

Linden becomes part of city.

Hanover Calvary School established.

1921

Nazi Party branch established.

Überlandwerke und Straßenbahnen Hannover AG (public transit entity) active.

Hindenburg Villa in use.

1923

German Völkisch Freedom Party branch established.

Nazi Niedersächsischer Beobachter weekly newspaper begins publication.

1924 - Gustav Fink becomes mayor.

1925

Arthur Menge becomes mayor.

Population: 422,745.

1927 - Botanischer Schulgarten Burg (garden) established.

1936 - Maschsee (lake) created.

1937 - Henricus Haltenhoff becomes mayor.

1938 - November: Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews.

1939

September: Bombing of Hanover in World War II by Allied forces begins.

Population: 472,527.

1942 - Ludwig Hoffmeister becomes Staatskommissare.^(de)

1944

August: Hanover-Limmer concentration camp begins operating.

September: Hanover-Stöcken (Continental) concentration camp begins operating.

November: Hanover-Ahlem concentration camp established.

Egon Bönner becomes Staatskommissare.^(de)

1945

February: Hanover-Mühlenberg concentration camp begins operating.

10 April: Allied forces arrive.

April–May: Mayor, Regierungspräsident, and Oberpräsident (local government officials) appointed.

1946-1990s

1946 - February: Flood.^(de)

1947

1 April: Food protest.

Hannover Messe (trade fair) begins.

1949

Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) in publication.

Europa-Haus built.

1950s - Hannover War Cemetery established.

1951 - Youth House built.

1952

Landesbühne Hannover (theatre) established.

Trade union building built.

1954

Niedersachsenstadion (stadium) opens.

Mannesmann Tower erected.

Frühlingsfest Hannover begins.

Markthalle Hannover rebuilt.

1965 - Oktoberfest Hannover begins.

1965 - Population: 555,228.

1969 - IBM-Haus built.

1970 - Norddeutsche Landesbank headquartered in city.

1972 - Herbert Schmalstieg becomes mayor.

1974 - Ahelm, Anderten, Bemerode, Misburg, Vinnhorst, Wettbergen, and Wülferode become part of city.

1975

Hanover Stadtbahn begins operating.

Eilenriedehalle built in the Hannover Congress Centrum.

1979 - Sprengel Museum opens.

1987 - Klecks-Theater Hannover founded.

1991 - Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway built.

1992 - Hanover City Archive moves to Bokemahle in Südstadt-Bult.

21st century

2000

June: Expo 2000 opens.

Hanover S-Bahn commuter rail begins operating.

2001 - Gehry Tower built.

2002 - Nord/LB headquarters built.

2005 - Regional Lower Saxony State Archives established, including its Hanover office.

2006 - Stephan Weil becomes mayor.

2008

Hannover City 2020 + urban planning process begins.

Baitus Sami Mosque built.

2013 - Stefan Schostok becomes mayor.

2014 - Population: 523,642.