Type Theatre group Active from 1966 | Purpose Comedy Record label Columbia Records | |
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Formation July 24, 1966 (1966-07-24) Dissolved March 9, 2012 (2012-03-09) Location Los Angeles, California, United States Membership Phil Austin
Peter Bergman
David Ossman
Philip Proctor Members Philip Proctor, Peter Bergman, Phil Austin Albums I Think We're All Bozos on, Dear Friends, Fighting Clowns, Boom Dot Bust, Forward into the Past Profiles | ||
The Firesign Theatre was an American comedy troupe comprising Phil Austin, Peter Bergman, David Ossman, and Philip Proctor. Their brand of surrealistic humor is best known through their record albums, which acquired an enthusiastic following in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Contents
- Style
- Other projects
- Films
- Group dynamics
- Later work
- Commercial releases
- Non commercial releases radio promotional LPs
- Firesign related albums
- Filmography
- Songs
- References
The troupe began as live radio performers in Los Angeles on radio stations KPPC-FM and KPFK during the mid-1960s. The group's name stems in part from astrology, because the membership encompasses all three "fire signs": Aries (Austin), Leo (Proctor), and Sagittarius (Bergman and Ossman).
Style
The Firesign Theatre employs a stream of consciousness style that includes direct references to movies, radio, TV, political figures, and other cultural sources, intermingled with sound effects and bits of music. The resulting stories—including the theft of a high school, a fair of clowns and holograms, and aliens who use hemp-smoking to turn people into crows—border on psychedelia, an effect intensified by the frequent appearance of mock "advertisements" satirizing real products.
The Firesign approach to comedy was strongly influenced by The Goon Show. All four original Firesign members have spoken of their admiration for this show. Said Ossman:
We all listened to The Goon Show, Peter Sellers, Spike Milligan and Harry Secombe, at various times in our lives. We heard a lot of those shows. They impressed us when we started doing radio ourselves, because they sustained characters in a really surreal and weird kind of situation for a long period of time. They were doing that show for 10 years, all the way through the 1950s. So we were just listening to them at the end. It was that madness and the ability to go anywhere and do anything and yet sustain those funny characters. So when we first did written radio, where we would sit down and write half hour skits and do them once a week, which we did in the fall of 1967, we did things that were imitative of The Goon Show and learned a lot of voices from them and such.
While their stream of consciousness style has the feel of improvisational comedy, most of the material is tightly scripted and memorized. The group's writing method demands the consent of all four members before a line can be included. Much of their work (including all of their Columbia LPs, now on CD) has been copyrighted under the name "4 or 5 Krazy Guys."
Other projects
In September 1967, The Firesign Theatre performed an adaptation of Jorge Luis Borges' short story "La Muerte y La Brujula" ("Death and the Compass") on Radio Free Oz.
Columbia Records staff producer Gary Usher used the Firesign Theatre's audio collages on songs by The Byrds ("Draft Morning") and Sagittarius (the 45 RPM version of "Hotel Indiscreet") in 1967 and 1968.
In 1969, they created a number of improvised television commercials for Jack Poet Volkswagen in Highland Park, California, with the characters of Christian Cyborg (Peter Bergman), Coco Lewis (Philip Proctor), Bob Chicken (Phil Austin), and Tony Gomez (David Ossman).
Between September 9, 1970 and February 17, 1971, they performed a one-hour live series, produced by Bill McIntyre, on radio station KPFK in Los Angeles entitled Dear Friends. These live programs were recorded and then edited into slightly shorter shows which were syndicated to radio stations across the country on 12" LP albums. The group later collected what they considered the best segments from the series for their fifth album, Dear Friends.
In 1972 and 1974, Straight Arrow Press, Rolling Stone's book publishing arm, published two books authored by the Firesign Theatre. These books, The Firesign Theatre's Big Book of Plays and The Firesign Theatre's Big Mystery Joke Book, feature background information, satirical introductions and parodic histories, as well as transcripts from their first seven albums. Apocalypse Papers, also authored by the group and published by a small press, was limited to an edition of only 500 copies.
In 1983 Mattel released two Intellivision video games with Intellivoice: Bomb Squad, with Phil Proctor as the voice of Frank and Peter Bergman as the voice of Boris; and B-17 Bomber, with Phil Proctor as the voice of the Pilot and Phil Austin as the Bombardier.
In 1996, Peter Bergman began placing radio-show-like comedy sound bites on his own Internet-based comedy radio station, www.rfo.net. "The show will be the Internet's funny bone," Bergman said.
In 1996, a computer game written by Peter Bergman, Pyst, a parody of the game Myst, was released by Parroty Interactive.
In 2008, the Firesign Theatre released a four-CD boxed set based on their most famous character, Nick Danger—"Third Eye." It was compiled from various radio shows, albums and fan recordings that were sent in via their website.
Films
The group co-wrote the screenplay to the comedy western, Zachariah, released in 1971. The film was inspired by the novel Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse.
The movie J-Men Forever was made by Phil Proctor and Peter Bergman in 1979. The film is a compilation of Republic Science Fiction serial clips with new dialogue overdubbed.
The movie Americathon (1979) was based on a sketch created by Phil Proctor and Peter Bergman.
The group adapted their Nick Danger character for a short film, Nick Danger in the Case of the Missing Yolk (1983), which was broadcast on the USA Network series Night Flight.
Group dynamics
During the mid-1970s, members of the group went in separate directions. Firesign productions continued sporadically, but Proctor and Bergman performed as a duo; while Austin and Ossman worked individually and together in a few stage shows (most notably in the writing and production of In the Next World, You're on Your Own.) In the mid-1980s, Ossman temporarily left the group to produce shows for National Public Radio.
The group's recordings through 1975 were originally released by Columbia Records.
Later work
The Firesign Theatre's most recent performances were a series of live performances in December 2011. They claimed to be the longest surviving group from the "classic rock" era to still be intact with the original members (at the time of the claim in 2011, 45 years).
Peter Bergman died on March 9, 2012, from complications involving leukemia, and Phil Austin died on June 18, 2015, from cancer.
Commercial releases
Non-commercial releases (radio, promotional LPs)
Firesign-related albums
Filmography
Songs
'High School Madness!'Back From the Shadows · 1994
Shoes for Industry!1993
Bear Whiz Beer1993