Thackeray (/θækəri/) is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:
A. David Thackeray (1910–1978), astronomer, director of the Radcliffe Observatory in South AfricaAndy Thackeray (born 1968), English former professional footballerAnne Isabella Thackeray Ritchie (1837–1919), English writer, the eldest daughter of William Makepeace ThackerayAnthony Thackeray (born 1986), English rugby league footballerDavid Thackeray (footballer) (born 1902), Scottish footballerEdward Talbot Thackeray (1836–1927), recipient of the Victoria CrossHenry St. John Thackeray (1869–1930), British scholar at King's College, Cambridge, an expert on Josephus and the SeptuagintLance Thackeray (1869–1916), English illustratorMichael M. Thackeray, South African materials scientistPeter Thackeray (born 1950), a cricketerWilliam Makepeace Thackeray (1811−1863), English novelistThackeray is also an anglicised version of the Marathi surname ठाकरे (IPA: [ʈʰakəɾe]), borne particularly by Prabodhankar Thackeray and his descendants including:
Aditya Thackeray (born 1990), the son of Uddhav ThackerayBal Thackeray (1926−2012), Indian politicianRaj Thackeray (born 1968), Indian politicianUddhav Thackeray (born 1960), Indian politician