Taxation in Greece, as in most developed nations, is based on the direct and indirect systems.
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Income tax
Income taxation in Greece is progressive. An individual in Greece is liable for tax on their income as an employee and on income as a self-employed person. In the case of an individual who is a permanent resident of Greece, their tax owed is calculated on their income earned in Greece and overseas. An individual whose income is only from a wage is not obligated to file an annual return. The employer deducts tax from the employee and transfers it to the tax authority every month.
The 2014 tax rates are as follows:
In May 9, 2016 a new set of emergency measures were voted in the Parliament by the SYRIZA/ANEL government. These changes include new income tax rates as well as new solidarity tax rates. The tax rates applicable to income earned in 2016 are as follows:
Social security tax
An employer is obligated to deduct tax at source from an employee and to make additional contributions to social security as in many other EU member states. The employer's contribution amounts to 24.56% of the salary. The employee's contribution is 15.5%.
Tax exemptions
There are several cases of Tax exemptions under the Greek taxation system, these are as follows:
Tax deductions
The examples of Tax deductibility in Greece are, as with most other features of Greek taxation, similar to that of other Western European and North American nations, that is, tax deductibility for things such as charity and other things as shown below:
Corporation tax
Corporations in Greece are taxed on their income in Greece and from overseas. Foreign companies in Greece are taxed only on income that is generated in Greece.
Corporate tax rates by year:
2007, 2008 and 2009 - 25% 2010 - 24% 2011 and 2012 - 20% 2013 and 2014 - 26% and 2015 - 29%
Capital gains tax
A capital gain in Greece is added to regular income and is taxable at the same rate as regular income for a company, other than in specific instances as defined in law.
Withholding tax
As of 1 Jan 2009, Greece imposes a withholding tax of 10% on corporate dividends, unless the dividend qualifies for application of the EC Parent-Subsidiary Directive or if a lower rate applies under an applicable double tax treaty. It also imposes a withholding tax on interest and royalties, however the tax rates may be reduced or eliminated by an applicable double tax treaty or if the payment qualifies for application of the EC Interest and Royalties Directive.
VAT
The VAT tax in Greece is 6.0% to 24%. For all goods not belonging to any special category, the VAT is 24%. For Category 1 goods the VAT is 13%, and for Category 2 goods it is 6.0%. Some items are exempt from VAT, such as medical services and education. On some islands there is a VAT reduction for Category 1 goods to 17%.