Kingdom Plantae Family Apocynaceae Scientific name Tabernaemontana undulata | Order Gentianales Genus Tabernaemontana Rank Species | |
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Similar Tabernaemontana, Tabernaemontana citrifolia, Voacanga africana, Tabernaemontana elegans, Tabernaemontana pachysiphon | ||
Tabernaemontana undulata, the Becchete or Bëcchëte (pronounced B'-chéw-teh, a Matis and Matsés word for a medicinal plant) is a milkwood species in the family Apocynaceae. It occurs in the Amazon rainforest.
Contents
Effects
When applied directly to the eye, Becchete is reported by tribes to have the effect of giving the environment greater texture and dimension, making it easier to spot animals during hunting. The effects are reported to be long-term, lasting days or weeks, not just a few hours. In addition to visual enhancement, there is also an increase in energy. On application, the eyes sting, however this would be expected considering that Becchete is extracted with Amazonian river water that is high in tannic acid, which on its own would sting and burn the eyes. In the Amazonian Ethnobotanical Dictionary by James A. Duke and Rodolfo Vásquez, it is reported that Amazonian Indians from the Ticuna tribe mix the latex from a closely related species, Tabernaemontana sananho, with water in order to treat eye wounds. In addition to be applied to the eyes as the Matis and Ticuna tribes do, it is most commonly taken orally by the Matsés.
Active ingredients
Tabernaemontana undulata contains iboga alkaloids, naturally occurring psychoactive compounds. Ibogaine is used in pain management and to treat opiate addiction. In addition, it is used to facilitate psychological introspection and spiritual exploration. In low dosages, ibogaine is a stimulant and aphrodisiac, while in larger amounts it is a divinatory medicine, similar to both Ayahuasca and Peyote.
History
Scott Wallace of National Geographic was the first person to report the use of this indigenous Amazonian medicine by the Matis tribe. Dan James Pantone, one of the founders of the Movement in the Amazon for Tribal Subsistence and Economic Sustainability (MATSES), discovered that the Matsés tribe also uses Becchete. In September 2008, Pantone collected plant samples from the Amazon rainforest in the Matsés Indian Territory in the region of the Yaquerana River on the border of Peru with Brazil. Working together with other botanists at the Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (UNAP) in Iquitos, Peru, he was able to identify the plant species as Tabernaemontana undulata, part of the Tabernaemontana genus and the Apocynaceae plant family. Pantone has produced a documentary video showing the Matis using Becchete as a traditional medicine.