Rahul Sharma (Editor)

Supermarine Seagull (1921)

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Length
  
12 m

Manufacturer
  
Supermarine

First flight
  
May 1921

Supermarine Seagull (1921) wwwhyperscalecomimagessiverwings48001reviewrb

The Supermarine Seagull was a British amphibian biplane flying boat developed from the Supermarine Seal by the Supermarine company. The Seagull was constructed of wood. The lower wing was set in the shoulder position and had two bays. The engine was mounted in a nacelle slung from the upper wing and powered a four-blade propeller in tractor configuration. The fuselage had an oval cross-section and had a planing bottom with two steps.

Contents

Design and development

The prototype, which became known as the Seagull Mk I, was modified from an existing Supermarine Seal II in 1921. Only one aircraft was built. A Napier Lion II engine was fitted and there were modifications made to the nacelle.

Produced from 1922, the production aircraft, the Seagull Mk II, had a Napier Lion III engine, and these were supplied to the Air Ministry and Royal Navy. A total of 25 were built, although some of these were later modified.

The Seagull Mk III was the Australian version, built in 1925. These were similar to the Seagull II but with a Napier Lion V engine and radiators modified for tropical use. Six of these were supplied to the Royal Australian Air Force (or Navy? The Upper Hutt New Zealand City Library's "Recollect" collection has a photograph of a Seagull on HMAS Australia); one other Seagull III was built for Japan.

One Seagull II was rebuilt and fitted with Handley-Page leading edge slots and twin fins and rudders in 1928. This was considered to be the Mark IV, although Supermarine never designated it as such. Three ex-service aircraft were later placed on the British Civil Register.

In 1930 work was started on a flying boat of similar size and layout but with a predominantly metal airframe, powered by a Bristol Jupiter IX engine in pusher configuration. First flown in 1933 This became known as the Seagull V and later as the Walrus.

Operational history

The type was used operationally as a fleet spotter by 440 (Fleet Reconnaissance) Flight, operating from HMS Eagle. They were superseded in 1925 by the Fairey IIId. The Seagull II was the first British aircraft to be catapult launched in 1925. The crew was normally three (Pilot, Observer, and Radio-Operator). The sole armament was a .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun.

Nine Seagulls were bought by the Royal Australian Airforce in 1926 and 1927. These were used to carry out a photographic survey of the Great Barrier Reef.

Operators

 Australia
  • Royal Australian Air Force received nine aircraft.
  • No. 101 Flight RAAF
    •  Japan
  • Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service received one aircraft.
    •  United Kingdom
  • Fleet Air Arm received 26 aircraft.

    • Surviving aircraft

  • The Fleet Air Arm Museum owns the front hull of an unknown Seagull. It was in use until 1974 as a garden shed, and presented to the museum in exchange for a new shed. It is currently on long-term loan to Solent Sky, an air museum in Southampton.
  • The Royal Air Force Museum London had a Seagull V on display in their Battle of Britain hall until October 2016 after which it was moved into storage.

    • Specifications (Seagull II)

    Data from Supermarine Aircraft since 1914

    General characteristics

  • Crew: Three (pilot, wireless operator & observer)
  • Length: 34 ft 6 in (10.51 m)
  • Wingspan: 45 ft 11 in (13.99 m)
  • Height: 13 ft 6 in (4.11 m)
  • Wing area: 605 ft² (56.2 m²)
  • Empty weight: 3,691 lb (1,674 kg)
  • Loaded weight: 5,462 lb (2,477 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Napier Lion II 12-cylinder water-cooled W-block piston engine, 480 hp (358 kW)

    • Performance

  • Maximum speed: 80 mph at sea level (70 knots, 129 km/h)
  • Service ceiling: 9,000 ft (2,743 m)
  • Endurance: 3½ hours
  • climb to 3,000 ft (915 m): 6.8 min

    • Armament

  • 1 × .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun

    • Specifications (Seagull II)

    Data from Thetford 1982, p.319

    General characteristics

  • Crew: Three (pilot, wireless operator and gunner)
  • Length: 37 ft (11.28 m)
  • Wingspan: 46 ft (14.02 m)
  • Height: 14 ft (4.26 m)
  • Wing area: 593 ft² (55.11 m²)
  • Empty weight: 3,897 lb (1,768 kg)
  • Loaded weight: 5,668 lb (2, 571 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Napier Lion III 12-cylinder water-cooled W-block piston engine, 450 hp (337 kW)

    • Performance

  • Maximum speed: 108 mph at sea level (174 km/h)
  • Rate of climb: 11 minutes to 5,000 ft (1524 m)

    • Armament

  • 1 × .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun

    • References

    Supermarine Seagull (1921) Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA