Family †Gomphotheriidae Rank Genus | Phylum Chordata | |
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Similar Cuvieronius, Gomphothere, Proboscidea, Stegomastodon platensis, Cuvieronius hyodon | ||
stegomastodon recovery 1 of the most complete finds of this type of animal
Stegomastodon ('roof breast tooth') is an extinct genus of gomphothere, a family of proboscideans. It is not to be confused with the genus Mammut from a different proboscidean family, whose members are commonly called "mastodons", nor with the genus Stegodon, from yet another proboscidean subfamily, whose members are commonly called "stegodonts".
Contents
- stegomastodon recovery 1 of the most complete finds of this type of animal
- Stegomastodon fossil now in abq
- Description
- References
Stegomastodon fossil now in abq
Description
Stegomastodon mirificus is known from NMNH 10707, a 30-year-old male known from most of a skeleton. It was 2.6 metres (8.5 ft) tall, with a weight around 4.7 tonnes (4.6 long tons; 5.2 short tons). Like modern elephants, but unlike most of its closer relatives, it had just two tusks. These tusks curved upward and were about 3.5 metres (11.5 ft) long. Stegomastodon's molars were covered in enamel and had a complex pattern of ridges and knobbly protrusions on them, giving the creature a large chewing surface that enabled it to eat grass. Its brain weighed about 11 pounds (5 kg).
It lived in North and South America. The two South American species arrived following the Great American Interchange. They were initially mixed feeders; S. waringi evolved toward grazing, while S. platensis evolved toward browsing. The Stegomastodon species occupied warmer, lower-altitude habitats east of the Andes, while the related gomphothere Cuvieronius hyodon occupied cooler, higher-altitude habitats. It has been carbon dated to 27,910 BP in the Chapala Lake region, Jalisco, Mexico, as of now its most recent presence in North America, with its latest occurrence as recently as 6,060 BP in Yumbo, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
