Traditional Chinese 國家廣播電影電視總局 Founded 14 March 2013 | Simplified Chinese 国家广播电影电视总局 | |
Hanyu Pinyin Bopomofo ㄍㄨㄛ´ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄨㄣ´ ㄔㄨ ㄅㄢˇ ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄉㄧㄢ` ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩ´ Gwoyeu Romatzyh guo2 jia1 xin1 wen2 chu1 ban3 guang3 dian4 zong3 ju2 Dungan Гоцзя Гуанбо Дяньин Дяньши Цзунцзюй Subsidiaries China Central Television, China National Radio |
The State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television of the People's Republic of China (SAPPRFT), formerly known as the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT), is an executive branch under the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Its main task is the administration and supervision of state-owned enterprises engaged in the television, radio, and film industries.
Contents
- History
- Primary duties
- Technical details
- ALLISS deployment
- CMMB deployment
- Role in regulating film television and internet content
- Outstanding Domestic Animated Television Productions
- References
It directly controls state-owned enterprises at the national level such as China Central Television, China National Radio, China Radio International, as well as other movie and television studios and others non-business organizations.
It is also responsible for censoring any materials that offend the sensibilities of the Chinese government or Chinese cultural standards. An example of such activity is the summer 2007 controversy over the television talent show First Heartthrob.
History
In 1986 the State Council Ministry of Culture, Film Council and the Department of Radio and Television merged to form the Film and Television Bureau. On 25 June 1998 Film and Television Bureau reorganized as the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. In March 2013 the State Council announced plans to merge State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television with the General Administration of Press and Publication to form the General Administration of Press and Publication, Radio, Film, and Television.
Primary duties
The official functions of SARFT are:
Technical details
The SARFT plays a similar role in China as TDF Group plays in France, or Crown Castle plays in the US or Australia. The SARFT owns and operates, as well as manages many thousands of MW, FM, TV and Shortwave relay transmitters in China (as well as those leased abroad for external broadcasting).
ALLISS deployment
Recently, the SARFT has decided to switch over to using ALLISS technology for international broadcasting in SE and NE Asia.
SARFT's ALLISS deployment
The ALLISS system is a fully rotatable antenna system for high power shortwave radio broadcasting in the 6 MHz to 26 MHz range. An ALLISS module is a self-contained shortwave relay station that is used for international broadcasting.
ALLISS is a special design case of HRS type antennas. True ALLISS systems have solid radiators (horizontal radiating elements) versus tensioned flexible (open) radiators found with all other variations of ITU HRS type antennas systems. The names is based on a concatenation of two French villages ALLouis and ISSoudun.
CMMB deployment
China Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting (CMMB) is a mobile television and multimedia standard developed and specified in China by the State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT). It is based on the Satellite and Terrestrial Interactive Multiservice Infrastructure (STiMi), developed by TiMiTech, a company formed by the Chinese Academy of Broadcasting Science. Announced in October 2006, it has been described as being similar to Europe's DVB-SH standard for digital video broadcast from both satellites and terrestrial 'gap fillers' to handheld devices.
It specifies usage of the 2.6 GHz frequency band and occupies 25 MHz bandwidth within which it provides 25 video and 30 radio channels with some additional data channels. Multiple companies have chips that support CMMB standard - Innofidei who was the first with a solution March 28, 2007, Siano Mobile Silicon(with the SMS118x chip family, which support diversity and have superb performance) and more .
Role in regulating film, television, and internet content
The State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television issues mandatory guidelines for media content. In 2011 and 2012 it limited the number of reality television programs and of historical dramas expressing particular disapproval of programs with a plot twist that involved time travel back to a Chinese historical era. This decree resulted in cancellation of a number of planned films with historical drama plots.
It issued a directive on 30 March 2009 to highlight 31 categories of content prohibited online, including violence, pornography, content which may "incite ethnic discrimination or undermine social stability". Some industry observers believe that the move was designed to stop the spread of parodies or other comments on politically sensitive issues in the runup to the anniversary of the 4 June Tiananmen Square protests.
It issued a directive named "SAPPRFT's Opinions On Strengthening The Programme Management of Satellite Television Channels" in 2011, aiming at over-turning the over-emphasis on purely entertainment programmes in the satellite television channels in China.
Outstanding Domestic Animated Television Productions
For every quarter, the SAPPRFT announces the Outstanding Domestic Animated Television Productions (Chinese: 优秀国产电视动画片), which is given to the works that "persist with correct value guidance" (坚持正确价值导向) and "possess relatively high artistic quality and production standards" (具有较高艺术水准和制作水平). The initial nominees are selected by the province-level administrative departments of broadcast and television, and the China Central Television. Then, the SAPPRFT invites the relevant broadcasting organisations, experts and audience representatives to review the nominees and make the finalist. Once the list is finalised, the television broadcasters in Mainland China, especially nationwide generalist channels and animation and children's channels on satellite, and children's channels on terrestrial television, are recommended to give priority when broadcasting such series. The works named as such include Rainbow Ruby (a South Korean-Chinese-Canadian co-production which China Entertainment Corporation was involved in), which received the title in the second quarter of 2016 along with eight other productions.