Language English Publication date 1864 Pages 27 pp OCLC 1165364 | Genre Optical illusions Media type Print Originally published 1864 Country United States of America | |
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Publisher James G. Gregory (New York City)
Griffith and Farran (London) Similar The History of Four‑Foot, Thackerayana, Emblems of Love, Poems of Shelley, Calligrammes | ||
Spectropia (full title Spectropia, or, surprising spectral illusions showing ghosts everywhere and of any colour) is an optical illusion book by J. H. Brown, first published in 1864.
Contents
Publication
Initial printings of Spectropia were made in New York City by James G. Gregory, and in London by Griffith and Farran.
With sixteen large lithographed plates (thirteen of which were hand-coloured), Spectropia includes several sections; namely an introduction, directions, and one called "Popular and Scientific description." The writing, spanning over eleven pages in addition to the plates makes for a total of twenty-seven pages. The cover is bound on green cloth, with a height of 25 centimetres (9.8 in)
An edition with "fancy boards" sold for two shillings and sixpence, and an edition with the plates mounted on cloth sold for an extra shilling. A Dutch edition translated by Hugo Suringar Leeuwarden of Spectropia was published in 1866. Additionally, a second edition was published in 1870.
Contents
Brown was distressed by an increased public interest in spiritualism, something which he deemed a "mental epidemic." By offering a scientific explanation on the properties of light, color, and the structure of the eyes, he states in the section "Popular and Scientific description" that the purpose in writing Spectropia was to bring forth "the extinction of the superstitious belief that apparitions are actual spirits, by showing some of the ways our senses may be deceived."
By staring at an image in Spectropia for roughly a quarter of a minute without blinking and then looking away from the book at a wall, the reader will see the image of the spectres appear before them floating on the wall. This is due to an optical illusion called afterimage, a phenomenon where the image continues to appear in one's vision after the exposure to the original image has ceased.
Each plate's focal point is marked with an asterisk located near the center of the illustration.
Reception
An Athenæum reviewer called it "one of the best toy books we have seen." the Virginia Historical Society felt that Spectropia "must have delighted its young audience when it was first published." Additionally it was called "a clever book" by a reviewer of Chemical news, noting its exemplary use of the afterimage phenomena.