1.Background
Dow Corning added silane (SiH4) to quaternary ammonia compounds (QACs or quats), to improve the adhesion of QUATs to a variety of surfaces. In doing so, Dow invented a durable class of antimicrobials that are effective against a range of unicellular organisms.
Contents
At least three private companies are primary in the manufacture of these silane quats known variously as SIQUATS, SIQACs and SILQUATS. Synthesis is typically conducted in a methanol, and water-based formulations range in stability depending on the dilution process and/or the presence of stabilizers and additives.
2.Effectiveness
Literature shows efficacy of SIQUATS against a range of microbes.
US Patent 6,613,755 and other literature sources disclose the following list and references:
Anabaena cylindricia
Chlorella
Chlorophyta (green)
Chrysophyta (brown)
Oscillatoria borneti
Pleurococcus
Protococcus
Scenedesmus quadricauda
Selenastrum gracile
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Aeromonas hydrophilia
Bacillus cereus
Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus typhimurium
Citrobacter diversus
Clostridium perfringens
Corynebacterium bovis
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Enterobacter aerogenes
Enterobacter agglomerans
Enterobacter cloacae
Enterococcus
Enterococcus faecalis
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella terrigena
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Propionibacterium acnes
Proteus mirabilis
Proteus vulgaris
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas cepacia
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella typhi
Salmonella typhimurium
Serratia liquefaciens
Serratia marcescens
Stachybotrys chartarum
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus faecaliis
Streptococcus pyrogenes
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci
Alternaria alternata
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus fumigatus
Aspergillus Niger
Bipolaris australiensis
Candida albicans
Candida parapsilosis
Cephaldascus fragans
Cladosporium herbarum
Clonostachys rosea
Cryptococcus humicola
Epidermophyton floccosum
Fusarium nigrum
Fusarium solani
Geotrichum candidum
Gliocladium roseum
Gliomastix cerealis
lternaris species.
Mariannaea elegans
Microsporum audouinii
Monilia grisea
Oospora lactis sp
Oospora lactis
Penicillium albicans
Penicillium chrysogenum
Penicillium citrinum
Penicilliumn notatum
Penicillium notatum
Penicillium variabilei
Stachybotrys atra
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Trichoderma flavus
Trichosporon mucoides
Trichophyton interdigitale
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Trichophyton mentagrophytes