Kingdom Animalia Subphylum Crustacea Infraorder Brachyura Scientific name Sesarma reticulatum Rank Species | Phylum Arthropoda Order Decapoda Family Grapsidae Higher classification Sesarma | |
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Similar Crab, Sesarma, Crustacean, Decapoda, Uca pugnax | ||
Sesarma reticulatum, the purple marsh crab or simply marsh crab, is a crab species native to the salt marshes of the eastern United States.
Contents
Distribution
The range of S. reticulatum extends from Woods Hole, Massachusetts to Volusia County, Florida; a related species occurs in the Gulf of Mexico.
Description
Sesarma reticulatum is purple or brown, with darker speckles, with a carapace up to 1 inch (25 mm) long. It can be distinguished from the closely related S. cinereum by the presence of a second tooth around the orbit of each eye.
Ecology
Their overpopulation, caused by over-harvesting by recreational fishermen of its natural predators such as blue crabs, striped bass, smooth dogfish and cod, has been blamed for the decline in cordgrass found in the salt marshes of Cape Cod and the decrease in the extent of salt marshes on the Atlantic coast of North America due to increased erosion. The explosion in the population of sesarma crabs has provided additional food to night herons. The crabs eat marsh grass not only from above but underground in tunnels they construct. The research demonstrates the possible cumulative ecological impact of popular human activities such as recreational fishing.