September 8

Events

617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path to his capture of the imperial capital Chang'an and the eventual establishment of the Tang dynasty.

1100 – Election of Antipope Theodoric.

1253 – Pope Innocent IV canonised Stanislaus of Szczepanów, killed by king Bolesław II.

1264 – The Statute of Kalisz, guaranteeing Jews safety and personal liberties and giving battei din jurisdiction over Jewish matters, is promulgated by Bolesław the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland.

1271 – Pope John XXI is chosen.

1331 – Stefan Dušan declares himself king of Serbia

1380 – Battle of Kulikovo: Russian forces defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols, stopping their advance.

1504 – Michelangelo's David is unveiled in Piazza della Signoria in Florence.

1514 – Battle of Orsha: In one of the biggest battles of the century, Lithuanians and Poles defeat the Russian army.

1551 – The foundation day in Vitória, Brazil

1565 – St. Augustine, Florida was founded by Spanish admiral and Florida's first governor, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés.

1565 – The Knights of Malta lift the Ottoman siege of Malta that began on May 18.

1612 – The foundation day in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.

1655 – Warsaw falls without resistance to a small force under the command of Charles X Gustav of Sweden during The Deluge, making it the first time the city is captured by a foreign army.

1727 – A barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell in Cambridgeshire, England kills 78 people, many of whom are children.

1755 – French and Indian War: Battle of Lake George.

1756 – French and Indian War: Kittanning Expedition.

1761 – Marriage of King George III of the United Kingdom to Duchess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

1775 – The unsuccessful Rising of the Priests in Malta.

1781 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Eutaw Springs in South Carolina, the war's last significant battle in the Southern theater, ends in a narrow British tactical victory.

1793 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Hondschoote.

1796 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Bassano: French forces defeat Austrian troops at Bassano del Grappa.

1810 – The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor with 33 employees of John Jacob Astor's newly created Pacific Fur Company on board. After a six-month journey around the tip of South America, the ship arrives at the mouth of the Columbia River and Astor's men establish the fur-trading town of Astoria, Oregon.

1831 – William IV and Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

1831 – November Uprising: Battle of Warsaw ends, effectively ending the Insurrection.

1860 – The steamship PS Lady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 300 lives.

1862 – Millennium of Russia monument unveiled in Novgorod.

1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Sabine Pass: On the Texas-Louisiana border at the mouth of the Sabine River, a small Confederate force thwarts a Union invasion of Texas.

1883 – The Northern Pacific Railway (reporting mark NP) was completed in a ceremony at Gold Creek, Montana. Former president Ulysses S. Grant drove in the final "golden spike" in an event attended by rail and political luminaries.

1888 – In Spain, the first travel of Isaac Peral's submarine, was the first practical submarine ever made.

1888 – In London, the body of Jack the Ripper's second murder victim, Annie Chapman, is found.

1888 – In England the first six Football League matches are played.

1892 – The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited.

1900 – Galveston hurricane: A powerful hurricane hits Galveston, Texas killing about 8,000 people.

1905 – The 7.2 Mw Calabria earthquake shakes Southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing between 557 and 2,500 people.

1914 – World War I: Private Thomas Highgate becomes the first British soldier to be executed for desertion during the war.

1921 – Margaret Gorman, a 16-year-old, wins the Atlantic City Pageant's Golden Mermaid trophy; pageant officials later dubbed her the first Miss America.

1923 – Honda Point disaster: Nine US Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast. Seven are lost, and twenty-three sailors killed.

1925 – Rif War: Spanish forces including troops from the Foreign Legion under Colonel Francisco Franco landing at Al Hoceima, Morocco.

1926 – Germany is admitted to the League of Nations.

1930 – 3M begins marketing Scotch transparent tape.

1933 – Ghazi bin Faisal became King of Iraq.

1934 – Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 135 people.

1935 – US Senator from Louisiana Huey Long is fatally shot in the Louisiana State Capitol building.

1941 – World War II: Siege of Leningrad begins. German forces begin the siege of Leningrad.

1943 – World War II: The O.B.S. (German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone) in Frascati is bombed by USAAF.

1943 – World War II: United States General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the Allied armistice with Italy.

1944 – World War II: London is hit by a V-2 rocket for the first time.

1945 – Cold War: United States troops arrive to partition the southern part of Korea in response to Soviet troops occupying the northern part of the peninsula a month earlier.

1946 – A 95.6% vote in favor of abolishing the monarchy in Bulgaria.

1951 – Treaty of San Francisco: In San Francisco, 48 nations sign a peace treaty with Japan in formal recognition of the end of the Pacific War.

1952 – The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation makes its first televised broadcast on the second escape of the Boyd Gang.

1954 – The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) is established.

1960 – In Huntsville, Alabama, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA had already activated the facility on July 1).

1962 – Newly independent Algeria, by referendum, adopts a constitution.

1962 – Last run of the famous Pines Express over the Somerset and Dorset Railway line (UK) fittingly using the last steam locomotive built by British Railways, 9F locomotive 92220 Evening Star.

1966 – The landmark American science fiction television series Star Trek premieres with its first-aired episode, "The Man Trap".

1971 – In Washington, D.C., the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated, with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass.

1974 – Watergate scandal: US President Gerald Ford pardons former President Richard Nixon for any crimes Nixon may have committed while in office.

1975 – Gays in the military: US Air Force Tech Sergeant Leonard Matlovich, a decorated veteran of the Vietnam War, appears in his Air Force uniform on the cover of Time magazine with the headline "I Am A Homosexual". He is given a general discharge, later upgraded to honorable.

1978 – Black Friday, a massacre by soldiers against protesters in Tehran, provoked 700-3000 deaths, it marks the beginning of the end of the monarchy in Iran

1988 – Yellowstone National Park is closed for the first time in U.S. history due to ongoing fires.

1989 – Partnair Flight 394 drove into the North Sea, killing 55 people. The investigation showed that the tail of the plane vibrated loose in flight due to sub-standard connecting bolts that had been fraudulently sold as aircraft-grade.

1991 – The Republic of Macedonia becomes independent.

1994 – USAir Flight 427, on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport, suddenly crashes in clear weather killing all 132 aboard; resulting in the most extensive aviation investigation in world history and altering manufacturing practices in the industry.

2004 – NASA's unmanned spacecraft Genesis crash-lands when its parachute fails to open.

2005 – Two EMERCOM Il-76 aircraft land at a disaster aid staging area at Little Rock Air Force Base; the first time Russia has flown such a mission to North America.

Births

685 – Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (d. 762)

801 – Ansgar, German archbishop and saint (d. 865)

828 – Ali al-Hadi, Hijazi (Western Arabian), 10th of the Twelve Imams (d. 868)

1157 – Richard I of England (d. 1199)

1209 – Sancho II of Portugal (d. 1248)

1271 – Charles Martel of Anjou (d. 1295)

1380 – Bernardino of Siena, Italian priest, missionary, and saint (d. 1444)

1413 – Catherine of Bologna, Italian nun and saint (d. 1463)

1442 – John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, English commander and politician, Lord Great Chamberlain of England (d. 1513)

1462 – Henry Medwall, first known English vernacular dramatist (d. 1501)

1474 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian playwright and poet (d. 1533)

1515 – Alfonso Salmeron, Spanish priest and scholar (d. 1585)

1588 – Marin Mersenne, French mathematician, philosopher, and theologian (d. 1648)

1611 – Johann Friedrich Gronovius, German scholar and critic (d. 1671)

1621 – Louis, Grand Condé, French general (d. 1686)

1633 – Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans (d. 1654)

1672 – Nicolas de Grigny, French organist and composer (d. 1703)

1698 – François Francoeur, French violinist and composer (d. 1787)

1742 – Ozias Humphry, English painter and academic (d. 1810)

1749 – Yolande de Polastron, French educator (d. 1793)

1750 – Tanikaze Kajinosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 4th Yokozuna (d. 1795)

1752 – Carl Stenborg, Swedish opera singer, actor, and director (d. 1813)

1767 – August Wilhelm Schlegel, German poet and critic (d. 1845)

1774 – Anne Catherine Emmerich, German nun and mystic (d. 1824)

1779 – Mustafa IV, Ottoman sultan (d. 1808)

1783 – N. F. S. Grundtvig, Danish pastor, philosopher, and author (d. 1872)

1804 – Eduard Mörike, German pastor, poet, and academic (d. 1875)

1814 – Charles Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French archaeologist, ethnographer, and historian (d. 1874)

1815 – Giuseppina Strepponi, Italian soprano and educator (d. 1897)

1822 – Karl von Ditmar, German geologist and explorer (d. 1892)

1824 – Jaime Nunó, Spanish-American composer, conductor, and director (d. 1908)

1828 – Joshua Chamberlain, American general and politician, 32nd Governor of Maine (d. 1914)

1828 – Clarence Cook, American author and critic (d. 1900)

1830 – Frédéric Mistral, French poet and lexicographer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1914)

1831 – Wilhelm Raabe, German author and painter (d. 1910)

1841 – Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer and academic (d. 1904)

1846 – Paul Chater, Indian-Hong Kong businessman and politician (d. 1926)

1851 – John Jenkins, American-Australian businessman and politician, 22nd Premier of South Australia (d. 1923)

1852 – Gojong of Korea (d. 1919)

1857 – Georg Michaelis, German academic and politician, 6th Chancellor of Germany (d. 1936)

1863 – Mary of the Divine Heart, German nun and saint (d. 1899)

1867 – Alexander Parvus, Belarusian-German theoretician and activist (d. 1924)

1868 – Seth Weeks, American mandolin player, composer, and bandleader (d. 1953)

1869 – José María Pino Suárez, Mexican politician, Vice President of Mexico, murdered in a military coup (d. 1913)

1871 – Samuel McLaughlin, Canadian businessman and philanthropist, founded the McLaughlin Carriage Company (d. 1972)

1873 – Alfred Jarry, French author and playwright (d. 1907)

1873 – David O. McKay, American religious leader, 9th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1970)

1881 – Harry Hillman, American runner and hurdler (d. 1945)

1881 – Refik Saydam, Turkish physician and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 1942)

1884 – Théodore Pilette, Belgian race car driver (d. 1921)

1886 – Siegfried Sassoon, English captain, journalist, and poet (d. 1967)

1886 – Ninon Vallin, French soprano and actress (d. 1961)

1889 – Robert A. Taft, American lawyer and politician (d. 1953)

1894 – John Samuel Bourque, Canadian soldier and politician (d. 1974)

1894 – Willem Pijper, Dutch composer and critic (d. 1947)

1896 – Howard Dietz, American publicist and songwriter (d. 1983)

1897 – Jimmie Rodgers, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1933)

1900 – Tilly Devine, English-Australian criminal (d. 1970)

1900 – Claude Pepper, American lawyer and politician (d. 1989)

1901 – Hendrik Verwoerd, Dutch-South African journalist and politician, 7th Prime Minister of South Africa (d. 1966)

1903 – Jane Arbor, English author (d. 1994)

1906 – Andrei Kirilenko, Russian engineer and politician (d. 1990)

1907 – William Wentworth, Australian economist and politician, 11th Australian Minister for Human Services (d. 2003)

1909 – Józef Noji, Polish runner (d. 1943)

1910 – Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (d. 1994)

1914 – Patriarch Demetrios I of Constantinople (d. 1991)

1914 – Denys Lasdun, English architect, designed the Royal National Theatre (d. 2001)

1915 – N. V. M. Gonzalez, Filipino novelist, poet, and writer (d. 1999)

1917 – Jan Sedivka, Czech-Australian violinist and educator (d. 2009)

1918 – Derek Barton, English-American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)

1919 – Gianni Brera, Italian journalist and author (d. 1992)

1919 – Maria Lassnig, Austrian painter and academic (d. 2014)

1921 – Harry Secombe, Welsh-English actor (d. 2001)

1922 – Sid Caesar, American comic actor and writer (d. 2014)

1922 – Lyndon LaRouche, American politician and activist, founded the LaRouche movement

1923 – Rasul Gamzatov, Russian poet (d. 2003)

1924 – Wendell H. Ford, American lieutenant and politician, 53rd Governor of Kentucky (d. 2015)

1924 – Marie-Claire Kirkland, American-Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 2016)

1924 – Grace Metalious, American author (d. 1964)

1924 – Mimi Parent, Canadian-Swiss painter (d. 2005)

1925 – Jacqueline Ceballos, American activist, founded the Veteran Feminists of America

1925 – Peter Sellers, English actor and comedian (d. 1980)

1926 – Bhupen Hazarika, Indian singer-songwriter, poet, and director (d. 2011)

1927 – Harlan Howard, American songwriter (d. 2002)

1927 – Robert L. Rock, American soldier and politician, 42nd Lieutenant Governor of Indiana (d. 2013)

1927 – Marguerite Frank, American-French mathematician

1929 – Christoph von Dohnányi, German conductor

1930 – Nguyễn Cao Kỳ, Vietnamese general and politician, 16th Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam (d. 2011)

1931 – John Garrett, English soldier and politician (d. 2007)

1932 – Patsy Cline, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1963)

1933 – Michael Frayn, English author and playwright

1933 – Jeffrey Koo Sr., Taiwanese banker and businessman (d. 2012)

1933 – Eric Salzman, American composer, producer, and critic

1933 – Maigonis Valdmanis, Latvian basketball player and coach (d. 1999)

1934 – Rodrigue Biron, Canadian politician

1934 – Ross Brown, New Zealand rugby player (d. 2014)

1934 – Peter Maxwell Davies, English composer and conductor (d. 2016)

1934 – Bernard Donoughue, Baron Donoughue, English academic and politician

1936 – Roy Newman, English admiral

1937 – Barbara Frum, American-Canadian journalist (d. 1992)

1937 – Archie Goodwin, American author and illustrator (d. 1998)

1938 – Kenichi Horie, Japanese sailor

1938 – Sam Nunn, American lawyer and politician

1939 – Carsten Keller, German field hockey player and coach

1939 – Guitar Shorty, American singer and guitarist

1940 – Quentin L. Cook, American religious leader

1940 – Jerzy Robert Nowak, Polish historian and journalist

1940 – Jack Prelutsky, American author and poet

1941 – Bernie Sanders, American politician

1942 – Brian Cole, American bass player (d. 1972)

1942 – Judith Hann, English journalist and author

1942 – Sal Valentino, American rock singer-songwriter and guitarist

1943 – Adelaide C. Eckardt, American academic and politician

1944 – Peter Bellamy, English singer-songwriter (d. 1991)

1944 – Margaret Hodge, English economist and politician

1944 – Terry Jenner, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 2011)

1945 – Lem Barney, American football player

1945 – Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 1973)

1945 – Vinko Puljić, Croatian cardinal

1945 – Rogie Vachon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

1946 – L. C. Greenwood, American football player (d. 2013)

1946 – Aziz Sancar, Turkish-American biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate

1947 – Valery Afanassiev, Russian pianist and conductor

1947 – Halldór Ásgrímsson, Icelandic accountant and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 2015)

1947 – Ann Beattie, American novelist and short story writer

1947 – Marianne Wiggins, American author

1948 – Jean-Pierre Monseré, Belgian cyclist (d. 1971)

1949 – Edward Hinds, English physicist and academic

1950 – Ian Davidson, Scottish lawyer and politician

1950 – Zachary Richard, American singer-songwriter and poet

1950 – Mike Simpson, American dentist and politician

1951 – Tim Gullikson American tennis player and coach (d. 1996)

1951 – Tom Gullikson American tennis player and coach

1951 – John McDonnell, English politician

1951 – Dezső Ránki, Hungarian pianist

1952 – Geoff Miller, English cricketer

1952 – Graham Mourie, New Zealand rugby player

1953 – Pascal Greggory, French actor

1953 – Stein-Erik Olsen, Norwegian guitarist

1954 – Mark Lindsay Chapman, English actor

1954 – Michael Shermer, American historian, author, and academic, founded The Skeptics Society

1955 – David O'Halloran, Australian footballer (d. 2013)

1955 – Terry Tempest Williams, American environmentalist and author

1956 – Mick Brown, American drummer

1956 – David Carr, American journalist and author (d. 2015)

1956 – Maurice Cheeks, American basketball player and coach

1956 – Stefan Johansson, Swedish race car driver

1957 – Walt Easley, American football player (d. 2013)

1958 – Michael Lardie, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer

1960 – Aimee Mann, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress

1960 – Aguri Suzuki, Japanese race car driver

1963 – Alexandros Alexiou, Greek footballer

1963 – Daniel Wolpert, American scientist

1964 – Michael Johns, American businessman and journalist

1964 – Joachim Nielsen, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2000)

1965 – Darlene Zschech, Australian singer-songwriter and pastor

1965 – Tutilo Burger, German Benedictine monk and abbot

1966 – Peter Furler, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

1967 – Eerik-Niiles Kross, Estonian politician and diplomat

1967 – James Packer, Australian businessman

1967 – Kimberly Peirce, American director, producer, and screenwriter

1968 – Wolfram Klein, German footballer

1968 – Ray Wilson, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist

1969 – Lars Bohinen, Norwegian footballer and manager

1969 – Petter Hegre, Norwegian photographer

1969 – Oswaldo Ibarra, Ecuadorian footballer

1969 – Chris Powell, English footballer and manager

1969 – Gary Speed, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 2011)

1970 – Neko Case, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

1970 – Paul DiPietro, Canadian-Swiss ice hockey player

1970 – Nidal Malik Hasan, American soldier, psychiatrist, and mass murderer

1970 – Latrell Sprewell, American basketball player

1970 – Andy Ward, Irish rugby player and coach

1970 – John Welborn, Australian rugby player

1971 – David Arquette, American actor, director, producer, screenwriter, and wrestler

1971 – Martin Freeman, English actor

1971 – Lachlan Murdoch, English-Australian businessman

1971 – Dustin O'Halloran, American pianist and composer

1971 – Daniel Petrov, Bulgarian boxer

1971 – Pierre Sévigny, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

1972 – Markus Babbel, German footballer and manager

1972 – Os du Randt, South African rugby player and coach

1972 – Lisa Kennedy Montgomery, American radio and television host

1973 – Khamis Al-Dosari, Saudi Arabian footballer

1973 – Gabrial McNair, American saxophonist, keyboard player, and composer

1973 – Troy Sanders, American singer-songwriter and bass player

1974 – Marios Agathokleous, Cypriot footballer

1974 – Tanaz Eshaghian, Iranian-American director and producer

1974 – Braulio Luna, Mexican footballer

1975 – Lee Eul-yong, South Korean footballer and manager

1975 – Richard Hughes, English drummer

1975 – Chris Latham, Australian rugby player

1975 – Elena Likhovtseva, Russian tennis player

1975 – Larenz Tate, American actor, director, and producer

1976 – Gerald Drummond, Costa Rican footballer

1976 – Jervis Drummond, Costa Rican footballer

1977 – Jay McKee, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

1978 – Gerard Autet, Spanish footballer and manager

1978 – Emanuele Ferraro, Italian footballer

1978 – Gil Meche, American baseball player

1978 – Angela Rawlings, Canadian-American author and poet

1979 – Pink, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress

1981 – Kate Abdo, English journalist

1981 – Selim Benachour, Tunisian footballer

1981 – Māris Ļaksa, Latvian basketball player

1981 – Morten Gamst Pedersen, Norwegian footballer

1981 – Jonathan Taylor Thomas, American actor

1982 – Travis Daniels, American football player

1983 – Kate Beaton, Canadian cartoonist

1983 – Diego Benaglio, Swiss footballer

1983 – Will Blalock, American basketball player

1983 – Chris Judd, Australian footballer

1983 – Wali Lundy, American football player

1983 – Lewis Roberts-Thomson, Australian footballer

1984 – Bobby Parnell, American baseball player

1984 – Vitaly Petrov, Russian race car driver

1984 – Jürgen Säumel, Austrian footballer

1984 – Tiago Treichel, Brazilian footballer

1984 – Peter Whittingham, English footballer

1985 – Tomasz Jodłowiec, Polish footballer

1986 – Carlos Bacca, Colombian footballer

1986 – Matt Grothe, American football player

1986 – Dan Hunt, Australian rugby league player

1986 – João Moutinho, Portuguese footballer

1986 – Kirill Nababkin, Russian footballer

1987 – Alexandre Bilodeau, Canadian skier

1987 – Danielle Frenkel, Israeli high jumper

1987 – Wiz Khalifa, Haitian rapper and actor

1987 – Illya Marchenko, Ukrainian tennis player

1987 – Marcel Nguyen, German gymnast

1988 – Arrelious Benn, American football player

1988 – Chantal Jones, American model and actress

1988 – Rie Kaneto, Japanese swimmer

1989 – Gylfi Sigurðsson, Icelandic footballer

1989 – Avicii, Swedish electronic musician

1990 – Matt Barkley, American football player

1990 – Tokelo Rantie, South African footballer

1990 – Musa Nizam, Turkish footballer

1990 – Jos Buttler, English cricketer

1991 – Ignacio González, Mexican footballer

1992 – Nino Niederreiter, Swiss ice hockey player

1992 – Kilian Pruschke, German footballer

1994 – Marco Benassi, Italian footballer

1995 – Ellie Black, Canadian gymnast

Deaths

394 – Arbogast, Frankish general

701 – Pope Sergius I (b. 650)

780 – Leo IV the Khazar, Byzantine emperor (b. 750)

869 – Ahmad ibn Isra'il al-Anbari, Muslim vizier

1100 – Antipope Clement III (b. 1029)

1397 – Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, English politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1355)

1425 – Charles III of Navarre (b. 1361)

1539 – John Stokesley, English bishop (b. 1475)

1613 – Carlo Gesualdo, Italian lute player and composer (b. 1566)

1637 – Robert Fludd, English physician, mathematician, and cosmologist (b. 1574)

1644 – John Coke, English civil servant and politician (b. 1563)

1644 – Francis Quarles, English poet and author (b. 1592)

1645 – Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish poet and politician (b. 1580)

1656 – Joseph Hall, English bishop (b. 1574)

1682 – Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz, Spanish mathematician and philosopher (b. 1606)

1721 – Michael Brokoff, Czech sculptor (b. 1686)

1755 – Ephraim Williams, American soldier and philanthropist (b. 1715)

1761 – Bernard Forest de Bélidor, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1698)

1780 – Enoch Poor, American general (b. 1736)

1784 – Ann Lee, English-American religious leader (b. 1736)

1811 – Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist and botanist (b. 1741)

1831 – John Aitken, Scottish-American publisher (b. 1745)

1853 – Frédéric Ozanam, French scholar, co-founded the Society of Saint Vincent de Paul (b. 1813)

1882 – Joseph Liouville, French mathematician and academic (b. 1809)

1916 – Friedrich Baumfelder, German pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1836)

1894 – Hermann von Helmholtz, German physician and physicist (b. 1821)

1909 – Vere St. Leger Goold, Irish tennis player (b. 1853)

1933 – Faisal I of Iraq (b. 1883)

1935 – Carl Weiss, American physician (b. 1906)

1940 – Hemmo Kallio, Finnish actor (b. 1863)

1942 – Rıza Nur, Turkish surgeon and politician (b. 1879)

1943 – Julius Fučík, Czech journalist (b. 1903)

1944 – Jan van Gilse, Dutch composer and conductor (b. 1881)

1949 – Richard Strauss, German composer and manager (b. 1864)

1954 – André Derain, French painter and sculptor (b. 1880)

1963 – Maurice Wilks, English engineer and businessman (d. 1904)

1965 – Dorothy Dandridge, American actress and singer (b. 1922)

1965 – Hermann Staudinger, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)

1969 – Bud Collyer, American game show host (b. 1908)

1969 – Alexandra David-Néel, Belgian-French explorer and activist (b. 1868)

1970 – Percy Spencer, American engineer, invented the microwave oven (b. 1894)

1974 – Wolfgang Windgassen, French-German tenor (b. 1914)

1977 – Zero Mostel, American actor and comedian (b. 1915)

1980 – Willard Libby, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1908)

1981 – Nisargadatta Maharaj, Indian guru, philosopher, and educator (b. 1897)

1981 – Roy Wilkins, American journalist and activist (b. 1901)

1981 – Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)

1983 – Antonin Magne, French cyclist (b. 1904)

1985 – John Franklin Enders, American virologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)

1990 – Denys Watkins-Pitchford English author and illustrator (b. 1905)

1991 – Alex North, American composer and conductor (b. 1910)

1997 – Derek Taylor, English journalist and author (b. 1932)

1999 – Moondog, American-German singer-songwriter, drummer, and poet (b. 1916)

1999 – Michalis Kounelis, Greek violinist (b. 1928)

2001 – Bill Ricker, Canadian entomologist and author (b. 1908)

2002 – Laurie Williams, Jamaican cricketer (b. 1968)

2003 – Leni Riefenstahl, German actress, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1902)

2004 – Frank Thomas, American animator, voice actor, and screenwriter (b. 1913)

2005 – Noel Cantwell, Irish cricketer, footballer, and manager (b. 1932)

2005 – Donald Horne, Australian journalist, author, and critic (b. 1921)

2006 – Hilda Bernstein, English-South African author and activist (b. 1915)

2007 – Vincent Serventy, Australian ornithologist, conservationist, and author (b. 1916)

2008 – Ralph Plaisted, American explorer (b. 1927)

2009 – Aage Bohr, Danish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)

2009 – Mike Bongiorno, American-Italian television host (b. 1924)

2012 – Ronald Hamowy, Canadian historian and academic (b. 1937)

2012 – Bill Moggridge, English-American designer, author, and educator, co-founded IDEO (b. 1943)

2012 – Thomas Szasz, Hungarian-American psychiatrist and academic (b. 1920)

2013 – Goose Gonsoulin, American football player (b. 1938)

2013 – Don Reichert, Canadian painter and photographer (b. 1932)

2013 – Jean Véronis, French linguist, computer scientist, and blogger (b. 1955)

2014 – Marvin Barnes, American basketball player (b. 1952)

2014 – S. Truett Cathy, American businessman, founded Chick-fil-A (b. 1921)

2014 – Sean O'Haire, American wrestler, mixed martial artist, and kick-boxer (b. 1971)

2014 – Magda Olivero, Italian soprano (b. 1910)

2014 – Gerald Wilson, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1918)

2014 – George Zuverink, American baseball player (b. 1924)

2015 – Joaquín Andújar, Dominican baseball player (b. 1952)

2015 – Andrew Kohut, American political scientist and academic (b. 1942)

2015 – Tyler Sash, American football player (b. 1988)

2015 – Joost Zwagerman, Dutch author and poet (b. 1963)

2016 – Hannes Arch, Austrian race pilot (b. 1967)

2016 – Dragiša Pešić, Montenegrin politician, 5th Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (b. 1954)

2016 – Prince Buster, Jamaican singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1938)

Holidays and observances

Christian Feast Day:

Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia (Roman Catholic Church)

Nativity of Mary (Roman Catholic Church), (Anglo-Catholicism)

Monti Fest (Mangalorean Catholic)

Our Lady of Charity

Pope Sergius I

September 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Feast Day of Our Lady of Meritxell (national holiday in Andorra)

Earliest day on which Auditor's Day can fall, while September 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Sunday in September. (Church of Scientology)

Earliest day on which Day of the Workers in the Oil, Gas, Power, and Geological Industry can fall, while September 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Saturday in September. (Turkmenistan)

Earliest day on which Grandparents Day (Estonia) can fall, while September 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Sunday in September. (Estonia)

Earliest day on which Mid-Autumn Festival can fall, while October 8 is the latest; celebrated on the 15th day in the 8th month of Chinese calendar. (China, Chinese diaspora)

Earliest day on which Turkmen Bakhshi Day can fall, while September 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Sunday in September. (Turkmenistan)

Day of the Battle of Borodino (Russia)

Feast of 'Izzat – First day of the tenth month of the Bahá'í calendar. (Bahá'í Faith)

Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Macedonia from Yugoslavia in 1991.

International Literacy Day (International)

Martyrs' Day (Afghanistan) (date may fall on September 9, follows a non-Gregorian calendar)

National Day (Andorra), also the feast of Our Lady of Meritxell

Victory Day (Pakistan)

Victory Day, also the feast of Our Lady of Victories or il-Vittorja (Malta)

World Physical Therapy Day